Yet the old framework and categories subsist: a monarchy rules through an oligarchy. […] In the beginning kings ruled at Rome, and in the end, as was fated, it came round to monarchy again. […] The rule of Caesar could well be branded as monarchy on a partisan or conventional estimate. […] But monarchy presupposes hereditary succession, for which no provision was made by Caesar. […] Either monarchy or democracy could be made to serve their ends, to enhance person and family.