elled). The wide and remembered ramifications of the Roman noble clan won concentrated support for the rising politician. T

ly were attached to his cause from his provincial commands the dynast won to his allegiance and personal following (cliente

e lacked fear or scruple. Contending against two of the principes, he won through bribery and popular favour the paramount

PageBook=>026 high assembly. But the speech and authority that won the day was Cato’s.1 Aged thirty-three and only q

s man prevailed by force of character. Cato extolled the virtues that won empire for Rome in ancient days, denounced the un

nd glory of the master of the world were symbolized in three triumphs won from three continents: Pompeiusque orbis domito

red the election of the military man L. Afranius. The other place was won by Metellus Celer, who, to get support from Pompe

lead an army against Rome. Not of his own choosing his enemies had won control of the government and deprived him of the

ain neutral, including several eminent consulars, some of whom Caesar won to sympathy, if not to active support, by his stu

alvus were dead: their friends and companions became Caesarians. 1 He won over many former opponents, sons of the nobiles o

d and eloquent, especially Curio, who had already, despite his youth, won rank by vigour and acerbity among the greatest of

all a family feud against Pompeius; and his consular brother had been won to Caesar by a large bribe. 5 Servilius belonged

iend of such eminent citizens, could surely have no enemies. 4 Balbus won . But for the failure of certain political intrigu

eager talent and far- sighted bankers as his adherents, Caesar easily won Rome and Italy. NotesPage=>073 1 Ad Att. 7

rapidly to his younger and more energetic rival. Caesar the proconsul won to his person the towns of Gallia Cisalpina and t

. Cingulum owed recent benefits to Labienus:1 yet Cingulum was easily won . Auximum honoured Pompeius as its patron:2 but th

bscurity. C. Asinius Pollio, his grandson, a man of taste and talent, won early fame as a speaker NotesPage=>091 1 P

erous but not carrying full conviction. 1 Nor were the veterans to be won merely by material advantage. They became trucule

uence in the towns of Italy. Once a compact and devoted following was won , and his power revealed, he could build up a new

their support and devotion to his son and heir. Loyalty could only be won by loyalty in return. Caesar never let down a fri

mony. The diversion of public funds was not enough. Octavianus also won the support of private investors, among them some

larm confessed the ruinous alternatives: ‘if Octavianus succeeded and won power, the acta of Caesar would be more decisivel

men and politics. Civil war was an abomination. Victory could only be won by adopting the adversary’s weapons; and victory

trusty Ventidius with the three veteran legions. The first round was won . The next task was to safeguard the march of the

=>172 due to Cicero, still trusting that the adventurer could be won to legitimate methods. Octavianus was not deflect

his associates have behaved as they did, could security and power be won in any other way. The consequences of compelling

y. Octavianus turned aside to deal with Sex. Pompeius, who by now had won possession of all Sicily, sending Salvidienus aga

large part of the fleet of Brutus and Cassius, reinforced Murcus and won complete control of the seas between Italy and th

ublican admiral Ahenobarbus, whose fleet controlled the Adriatic, and won his support for Antonius. 5 The partnership in

io 48, 22, 1 ff. T. Sextius had at last suppressed Q. Cornificius and won Africa for the Caesarians, cf. above, p. 189, n.

, BC 5, 52, 216. PageBook=>215 merely championed his cause and won Republican support, but even raised civil war wit

de his way by treachery and who, by the virtue of the name of Caesar, won the support of the plebs in Rome and the armed pr

s of Messana to join his other fleet from the Bay of Naples. Pompeius won an easy victory. In the night a tempest arose and

ions began on July 1st. The fighting was varied and confused. Agrippa won a victory at Mylae but Octavianus himself was def

probably tortuous. 7 The principal members of the Caesarian faction won glory and solid recompense. In public and offic

affairs survived and prospered. Atticus by his accommodating manners won the friendship of Caesar’s heir without needing t

t reputed bastard of the king of Pontus, raised troops for Caesar and won a kingdom for his reward; 2 and Antipater the Idu

. 2 Plancus’ second imperatorial salutation (ILS 886) may have been won earlier, in 40-39 B.C. PageBook=>265 at no

r of the city (ILS 8780). C. Cocceius Balbus (cos. suff. 39) also had won an imperatorial salutation (IG II2, 4110: Athens)

the Adriatic, striking coins with family portraits thereon. 1 Pollio won him for Antonius, and he served Antonius well. Th

ath of allegiance to me and chose me as its leader in the war which I won at Actium. ’4 So Augustus wrote in the majestic m

that the Appuleii (a family related to Octavianus) and Nonius Gallus won over the city of Aesernia in northern Samnium, th

ation of the revolutionary age. The War of Actium had been fought and won , the menace to Italy’s life and soul averted. But

Livy 4, 19 f. All historians before Livy stated that Cornelius Cossus won the spolia opima when military tribune: but Augus

f Pompeius. In his youth Caesar’s heir, the revolutionary adventurer, won Pompeian support by guile and coolly betrayed his

s might change: Augustus was none the less a revolutionary leader who won supreme power through civil war. All that he need

ces with the rank of proconsuls and celebrated triumphs for victories won in Spain, Gaul, Africa and Macedonia. Spain and G

s in Ulterior (on the Spanish legates, below, p. 332 f.). M. Vinicius won a victory in Gaul in 25 B.C. (Dio 53, 26, 4). In

tion. Agrippa had been through all the wars of the Revolution and had won most of them. With exemplary modesty the victor o

no monopoly of long service certain knights, active for years on end, won merit and experience with the army commanders of

erentum, became a senator under Augustus. 4 P. Vitellius from Nuceria won distinction as procurator of Augustus: his four s

ts effects Ap. Claudius Pulcher and M. Valerius Messalla were quickly won over. But the aristocracy were slow to forgive th

is earlier supporters the plebs, the veterans and the knights who had won the War of Actium. In the crisis of 23 B.C. the C

le individuals into a company for suppressing outbreaks of fire. 3 He won immense favour with the mob and was elected praet

6; 6, 29). PageBook=>375 Under the new order Cicero would have won the consulate without competition, held it withou

adduce proficiency in the arts. Of the novi homines, C. Ateius Capito won promotion as a politician more than as a lawyer.

abius Maximus. By his own match with Livia, the Princeps long ago had won the Claudian connexion: through the marriages of

oral contests: which confirmed its power in private. With the fortune won from confiscation and the treasure of the Ptolemi

command of an army was the reward of birth, ambition or greed, to be won at the cost of intrigue and corruption. Noble fam

y reasons: elderly novi homines were safe. Lollius and Quirinius, who won the consulate by ‘militaris industria’, subsequen

apital. 1 The knight Seius Strabo, a personal friend of the Princeps, won prominence in the late years of Augustus. Seius w

personnel, but not the character, of government. The same men who had won the wars of the Revolution now controlled the des

nationalism to a formidable and even grotesque intensity. Rome had won universal empire half-reluctant, through a series

for how long? Could Rome maintain empire without the virtues that had won it? 4 A well-ordered state has no need of great

benefit of the deserving and Roman poor, whose peasant ancestors had won glory and empire for Rome. The Revolution was ove

ous charm. Augustus’ own views were narrow and definite. How far they won acceptance it is difficult to say. Of the efficac

ubique iacet. 3 Laws were not enough. The revolutionary leader had won power more through propaganda than through force

. 3 Too eminent to be muzzled without scandal, too recalcitrant to be won by flattery, Pollio had acquired for himself a pr

e victims of secret political intrigues in the family of the Princeps won unhappy prominence. Their morals were impugned:

tions, there was no sharp division between classes. Service to Rome won recognition and promotion for senator, for knight