in war and estates in Italy when their campaigns were over. But not veterans only were attached to his cause from his provinci

sed on his own initiative three legions from the tenants, clients and veterans of his father, and led his army to liberate Rome

1, 8). PageBook=>034 an ambitious bill providing lands for the veterans of Pompeius. Celer opposed it. More significant e

eatened in his dignitas, with his acta needing ratification and loyal veterans clamorous for recompense, was constrained to a se

etter Cato’s stubborn refusal to agree to the land bill for Pompeius’ veterans only led to worse evils and a subverting of the c

s mindful of old Catilinarian memories. Neither the families of Roman veterans NotesPage=>075 1 BG 1, 47, 4, cf. 19, 3. F

Loyalties were still personal, local and regional. A hundred thousand veterans , settled on the lands of Sulla’s enemies, support

f the movement this time largely, but not wholly, disappointed Sullan veterans . There were plots or risings almost everywhere, i

have been rapid and violent. The moderates, the party of Caesar, the veterans in Italy, and the Caesarian armies in the provinc

rs of the legions and the inhabitants of the towns of Italy. With the veterans , the Liberators were at once confronted by a soli

privileges, generous but not carrying full conviction. 1 Nor were the veterans to be won merely by material advantage. They beca

s remained tranquil, the danger of popular outbreaks was averted, the veterans were kept in hand. Property and vested interests

atable money must have been expended in the purchase of lands for the veterans , in pursuance of the provisions of two agrarian l

Caesarian consul solicited the favour or enlisted the services of the veterans in the cause of public order. As for the province

parted from Rome (about April 21st) and made his way to Campania. The veterans of Caesar had to be attended to, with urgent and

between the support of the Caesarian interests, especially plebs and veterans , and the acquiescence of the Senate. A move to on

on to be brought to book. To maintain power with the populace and the veterans , Antonius was forced into a policy that alarmed t

s should leave Italy. Antonius had returned to Rome with an escort of veterans , much to the disquiet of the Liberators, who wrot

sarian emblems. When Antonius intervened, the sympathies of plebs and veterans went to Caesar’s heir. And now Heaven itself took

the hand he would have raised against Caesar’s heir. The word of the veterans silenced the Senate of Rome. When L. Piso spoke,

w beginning to force him to choose at last between the Senate and the veterans . The Senate was hostile: yet the uneasy reconcili

n the State, everything from disorder. Supported by the plebs and the veterans , he possessed the means to split the Caesarian pa

The blow was to fall from the other side, from the plebs, from the veterans and from Octavianus. In pursuance of his Caesaria

revolution had broken out in Italy. Octavianus solicited his father’s veterans . A tour in Campania was organized. With the young

f Calatia and Casilinum Octavianus raised quickly some three thousand veterans . The new Pompeius now had an army. He was at firs

oup failed. Antonius was approaching with the Macedonian legions. The veterans refused to fight. Many deserted and returned to t

>127 Caesarian leader his primacy was menaced. Senate, plebs and veterans were mobilized against him. His enemies had drawn

strength, superior for the moment, in the direction of Arretium. The veterans in the private army of Octavianus would not stand

iud, ab Antonio seiungendus. ’ PageBook=>142 of three thousand veterans in Campania. He pestered Cicero for advice, sendi

without him. About Octavianus, Cicero was indeed most dubious. The veterans arose at the call of Caesar’s heir, the towns of

been rescued from tyranny and restored to vigour? Octavianus had the veterans , the plebs and the name of Caesar: his allies in

disquieting: it was scarcely to be expected that the generals and the veterans of Caesar would lend ready aid to the suppression

lio from Spain. 3 Cicero had boasted in the Senate that the Caesarian veterans were on the wane, no match for the patriotic ferv

en it came to battle at Mutina, the grim and silent sword-work of the veterans terrified the raw recruits. 5 The carnage was tre

ils. The enemies of Antonius deprecated bitterly the influence of the veterans . 4 The veterans had no wish for war they had No

of Antonius deprecated bitterly the influence of the veterans. 4 The veterans had no wish for war they had NotesPage=>166

merit of Cassius. The best of the legions, it is true, were Caesarian veterans . Yet the soldiers welcomed Cassius when he arrive

Octavianus was to return to Italy to carry out the settlement of the veterans , Antonius to regulate the affairs of the East and

n hand the confiscation of Italian property and the settlement of the veterans of Philippi, the remnants of twenty-eight legions

erests of his absent brother. 1 They played a double game. Before the veterans they laid the blame upon Octavianus, insisting th

the neighbourhood of Rome. And now the soldiery took a hand Caesarian veterans from Ancona, old soldiers of Antonius, sent a dep

ngth. Plancus, another of Antonius’ men, occupied with establishing veterans near Beneventum, enlisted troops at the bidding o

uld not intervene the confiscations and the allotment of lands to the veterans of Philippi were Octavianus’ share in a policy fo

errors were not fatal Octavianus had great difficulty in inducing the veterans from the colonies to rally and march against Anto

n party. The young Caesar, strong in the support of the plebs and the veterans , would have to be NotesPage=>221 1 Nicolau

heir had again been saved from ruin by the name, the fortune and the veterans of Caesar, the diplomacy of his friends and his o

etite for bounties and lands. Octavianus was generous but firm. 1 The veterans of Mutina and Philippi he now released from servi

had cleared the sea of pirates, eliminated Lepidus and satisfied the veterans without harming Italy. But the seizure of Sicil

mpeians come back from the East, should Antonius demand lands for the veterans of his legions, should the dynasts, fulfilling a

econciled to Rome, or class to class. As after Sulla, the colonies of veterans , while maintaining order for the government, kept

enia, saved only by the courage of Antonius and the steadiness of the veterans . As in the retreat from Mutina, Antonius showed h

ianus meanwhile mustered supporters from the towns of Italy Caesarian veterans , personal adherents and their armed bands. Return

re numerous there can have been little difficulty. Though many of the veterans had served under Antonius, they had received thei

ated, an interval perhaps spent in bargaining for terms: the Antonian veterans subsequently received a share of colonial assignm

obility of Alba Longa. More alarming was the news reported by Agrippa— veterans clamorous and mutinous. Octavianus crossed the wi

shment of about twenty-six legions. The remainder were disbanded, the veterans being settled in colonies in Italy and in the pro

secured and extended, their resources assessed and taxed; there were veterans to dismiss, cities to found, territories to organ

nian sympathies by confiscation of their lands for the benefit of the veterans . 2 The estates of three hundred and more disloyal

isarm generals and avert bloodshed. In possession of their farms, the veterans were now the strongest pillar of the military mon

t the time of his triumph, Octavianus gave a donative in money to the veterans in his colonies. 3 No fewer than one hundred and

here must be no going back upon his earlier supporters the plebs, the veterans and the knights who had won the War of Actium. In

nces of Spain and Gaul, build roads, found cities and provide for the veterans . By 13 B.C. Augustus and his subordinates could

er wars. The legions were rejuvenated and disciplined, for by now the veterans of the Civil Wars had been established in Italian

nued to be grown, though not for profit. 3 Thousands and thousands of veterans had been planted in Italy but may more correctly

s as members of an imperial race. The soldiers learned obedience, the veterans the habit of a regular and useful life not like S

h pride his ties with the army and with the Roman People. 1 Hence the veterans and the local dynasts would sharply have dealt wi