the Catonian party until he made final choice between the two. Cato, standing for the consulate, was signally defeated, to the

ief respite of precarious peace. 2 In all, twenty-six men of consular standing were alive in the year of Pharsalus. The Pompeian

age, but sometimes by deliberate choice, to safeguard the wealth and standing of the family, whatever the event. The bond of

stice, partisans of all categories secured admission to the Senate by standing for quaestorship or tribunate or by direct adlect

n was eligible to stand for the quaestorship: in fact, the wealth and standing of a knight was requisite no exorbitant condition

itor, when he was not the heir, of a family with municipal repute and standing at least not all centurions were rustic and humbl

and, by implication, BC 1, 46, 4. On the whole question of the social standing of centurions at this time, cf. the evidence and

senators. No names are recorded. Yet surmise about origins and social standing may claim validity. The province could boast opul

men and others now adorned the Senate of Rome, augmented in personal standing to match their wealth. 1 As tax-farmers, public c

activity evade detection, certain of the marshals, adherents of long standing who had fought in Gaul, conspired to assassinate

acter were passed, a law permitting all ex-centurions, whether of the standing of Roman knights or not, to serve on juries, and

ourth, cf. Phil. 3, 39, &c. PageBook=>133 Roman knights in standing , Salvidienus, Agrippa and Maecenas: to the end hi

e: through their auctoritas he might acquire recognition and official standing . Which of the principes were ready to give their

he chance to develop a programme for future action. Octavianus had no standing at all before the law, and Brutus was insecure. A

. Cornelius Dolabella; and of all the patricians, primacy in rank and standing went to M. Aemilius Lepidus. Like the patriciate,

enteen: their effective strength was much less. Various in character, standing and allegiance, as a body they revealed a marked

sarian partisans all three, but diverse in character, attainments and standing ; and all three were to survive the years of the R

he Senate did not choose its own members, or determine their relative standing . On no known practice or theory could the auctori

ublicans. From Italy, therefore, had to be found the money to pay the standing army of the Caesarians, which numbered some forty

ors had enabled Octavianus to assert himself as the true Caesarian by standing for the interests of the legions. But his errors

us and the fatal error of Salvidienus. The compact with Antonius gave standing , security and the possession of the western provi

ong his partisans, the trusty and plebeian Agrippa, now of praetorian standing , and the aristocrat Domitius Calvinus, fresh from

a great aqueduct, the Aqua Marcia. Now in 33 B.C., though of consular standing , he assumed the onerous duties of aedile, and car

purchase, had acquired estates, sometimes with improvement of social standing , actual or in prospect: after the Sicilian War Oc

he Pompeians and Republicans, could show no member of consular age or standing . The patricians were sparse enough at the best of

ear of the Parthian invasion. 4 In this emergency men of wealth and standing in Asia, among them the famous orators Hybreas of

a he publicly asserted the cause of Caesar’s friend Theopompus. 5 Now standing in the place of Pompeius and Caesar as master of

nal sanction for the young adventurer. Once again Octavianus lacked standing before the law, for the triumviral powers had com

nd of a great career and a powerful party. Only three men of consular standing remained on Antonius’ side, Canidius, Sosius and

ast who was perhaps not a proconsul and was certainly not of consular standing . 3 NotesPage=>308 1 If he received tribuni

ised, perhaps at an untimely moment, the delicate question of his own standing in public law. Like his policy, his powers were a

he propertied classes and the traditional distinction in function and standing between the different classes of society. 3 Such

ent to rely instead upon the interested loyalty of partisans of lower standing —and novi homines at that. Hence the conspicuous l

Of these six legati Augusti pro praetore, only one was of consular standing . 1 The others were praetorian. Nor was high birth

asis of his authority was altered. More important than that, official standing was conferred upon the ablest man among his adher

. Junius Silanus. Others, spared after the victory, retained rank and standing , like Sosius and Furnius. 3 NotesPage=>349

aetoria of the Roman general was perpetuated in times of peace by the standing force of nine cohorts of the Praetorian Guard, es

Seianus’ father, Seius Strabo, may have been no more than a knight in standing , a citizen of Volsinii in Etruria but Seius becam

it be forgotten that Taurus was there all the time, with no official standing . 1 Rome was glad when Augustus returned. His ru

em by the size of their armies already called for legates of consular standing . Yet this was apparent by 12 B.C at least, when f

lth and splendour of Maecenas and Sallustius Crispus, mere knights in standing . NotesPage=>380 1 Dio 55, 13, 6. 2 For t

ations of pay and service which recognized at last the existence of a standing army and consecrated the removal of the legions f

e Principate of Augustus, Galatia was governed by legates of consular standing . 2 Galatia might suitably rank as a frontier prov

nd the presidents of the various boards were commonly men of consular standing . An ancient authority states a reason for these i

of floods was entrusted to the consuls of the year 8 B.C.; the first standing commission dates from A.D. 15 or not long after.

was the illustrious L. Calpurnius Piso, with whom the office became a standing institution. 2 In these ways, by his own effort

licy demonstrated the need for skilled advice and summary decision. A standing committee enabled the Princeps to keep in touch w

ith Tiberius. Lacking Tiberius, the Claudian party lacked a leader of standing in war and politics. A heavy preponderance of con

ial friends, Maecenas and the Volcacii, a Perusine family of consular standing . 7 Like his kinsman, C. Propertius Postumus, he m

commanded the armies in his provincia, and only three men of consular standing . PageNotes. 502 1 D. Valerius Asiaticus, cons

p with the New State, being indebted to it for their preservation and standing . As more and more sons of Roman knights passed by