the last twelve years, much as I should have liked to insert various small yet significant details accruing. Essentially, an

ction of the old aristocracy. Pollio was a contemporary, in fact no small part of the transactions which he narrated a comm

and Caesar’s mistress. The noble was a landed proprietor, great or small . But money was scarce and he did not wish to sell

hanges in Roman politics were the work of families or of a few men. A small party, zealous for reform or rather, perhaps, fro

xtravagant display of a senator’s life. Cicero, a knight’s son from a small town, succumbed to his talents and his ambition.

grew yet richer from the spoils of the provinces, bought the farms of small peasants, encroached upon public land, seized thr

y. Their ambitions and their rivalries might have been tolerated in a small city-state or in a Rome that was merely the head

es for position or for time to bring up his armies. 2 Caesar knew how small was the party willing to provoke a war. As the ar

a certain day. By invoking constitutional sanctions against Caesar, a small faction misrepresented the true wishes of a vast

. Caesar’s following was heterogeneous in composition at its kernel a small group of men paramount in social distinction, not

o be dropped or suppressed. The reformer Ti. Gracchus was put up by a small group of influential consulars. 1 These prudent m

Liberators departed from Rome early in April, and took refuge in the small towns in the neighbourhood of the capital. Long

o inveigle their supporters into contributing to a private fund: with small success the men from the municipia, were notoriou

at lacked nobility: his grandfather, a rich banker established at the small town of Velitrae, had shunned the burdens and the

action of respectable municipal men. Octavianus’ mother came from the small town of Aricia! From dealing with D. Brutus, ho

p another. But Octavianus wished to be much more than the leader of a small band of desperadoes and financiers, incongruously

ctions in pursuit of the common good, submitting to the guidance of a small group of enlightened aristocrats. 1 There was pla

er this, the vote of a gilded statue on the motion of Philippus was a small thing. It was claimed by conservative politicia

might show himself amenable to an accommodation. Seven years before a small minority dominant in the Senate broke off negotia

d none; and the exhilaration of a victory in which his legions had so small a share could not compensate the ravages of a lon

eceived nobody. The two armies lay against each other for a time. A small river ran between the camps. When soldiers are ci

ied to meet the demands of the armies of the Republic. The return was small and grudging; 3 and the agents of the Liberators

precautions for personal security, the dynasts met in conference on a small island in a river near Bononia. Two days of conce

ith the past returned all the shapes and ministers of evil, great and small Vettius the Picene, the scribe Cornelius and the

ands many Julii reveal their patron by their names, despots great and small or leading men in their own cities and influentia

left to the charge of a native prince. 2 Amyntas was the man; and the small coastal tract of Cilicia Aspera conceded to Cleop

terms, namely the consulate. 2 Even Ahenobarbus went, stealthily in a small boat: Antonius dispatched his belongings after hi

gave him for his provincia Spain, Gaul and Syria (with Syria went the small adjuncts of Cyprus and Cilicia Campestris); 1 the

. Hence security for the Princeps, and eventually a multiplication of small provinces. No less simple the fashion of govern

9 These regions were far from peaceful, but their garrison was kept small in size, perhaps some five or six legions in all.

r his agent and chief officer of intendance and supply a knight of no small consequence, the praefectus fabrum. The names a

ot only that Roman knights could govern provinces, some of them quite small and comparable to the commands which were accessi

o Poppaei came from an obscure community in that region. 6 Larinum, a small town of criminal notoriety, now furnished Rome wi

in Illyricum and M. Lollius in Macedonia, must have been drawn from a small and select list indeed. The Princeps appointed hi

s constant and arduous wars: the garrison may not always have been as small as the single legion that remained there from the

t standing commission dates from A.D. 15 or not long after. 5 Other small groups of consulars were established from time to

prepare the way for innovations. The mechanical choice by lot of a small council of senators and their inevitable imperman

by the governorship of Syria and after death. The novus homo from the small town of Lanuvium was accorded a public funeral on

le order in the dependent kingdom of Armenia. While laying siege to a small post, he was treacherously attacked and wounded.

, 43 f., cf. 67. PageBook=>435 Such are the two Vibii from the small town of Larinum in Samnium; Papius Mutilus, also

ples of the Apennine above all the Marsi, ‘genus acre virum’, a tribe small in numbers but renowned for all time in war. In t

itary population had excited the alarm and the desperate efforts of a small group of aristocratic statesmen. The reforms of t

esmen. The reforms of the Gracchi were incomplete or baffled; and the small holding had not become any more remunerative sinc

erans had been planted in Italy but may more correctly be regarded as small capitalists than as peasants. 4 PageNotes. 450

. Augustus himself came of a municipal family. To his origin from a small and old-fashioned town in Latium certain features

vid and ruthless. 2 The greatness of an imperial people derives in no small measure from the unconscious suppression of awkwa

ulture. Under the Principate of Augustus the village as well as the small town received official commendation. Here too a c

is love and lover’s melancholy to celebrate with fervour, and with no small air of conviction, the War of Actium, or to plead

crowding to the Capitol on the first day of the year and contributing small coins to a fund in honour of the Princeps: the pr

Augustan consuls: only one man of this class commands an army, and a small one at that. He was Ti. Plautius Silvanus Aelianu

, 304, 352, 450; special privileges, 243; Augustus’ measures, 352; as small capitalists, 450; a conservative factor, 352, 477