detection. 1 Three weapons the nobiles held and wielded, the family, money and the political alliance (amicitia or factio, a

’s mistress. The noble was a landed proprietor, great or small. But money was scarce and he did not wish to sell his estate

rocured a seat in the Senate. 4 But Atticus did not wish to waste his money on senseless luxury or electoral corruption, to r

personal interest in redistributing property or changing the value of money . The financiers were strong enough to ruin any po

r. ’ 3 For example, Fufidius, an ‘eques Romanus ornatissimus’, left money to Cicero(Ad Att. 11, 14, 3). On the activities o

y infancy; 3 and he was ready to bribe the plebs of Rome with corn or money . 4 Against the military dynast now returning from

isgrace by bargaining to procure the election of their successors for money . 2 Pompeius caused the scandal to be shown up. Th

able defence of an eloquent lawyer to whom he had lent a large sum of money . 2 He now stood with Caesar and commanded the rig

d eager, from selfish or disinterested motives, to break the power of money in the Roman State. Not so Crassus and Caesar. Th

world. The disinterested and enlightened Postumus lent large sums of money to the King of Egypt, who, unable to repay his be

erson, Caesar refused the government of a province, offering a sum of money in compensation. 6 But L. Tillius Cimber, C. Treb

ertainly very far from abounding in ready cash. Most of the debatable money must have been expended in the purchase of lands

Rome. An unfriendly interview followed. Octavianus claimed the ready money from the inheritance of Caesar to pay the legacie

friends of Caesar supplied abundant funds,1 which along with his own money he expended lavishly at the Ludi Victoriae Caesar

at Octavianus gathered in late summer and autumn of the year. Men and money were the first thing, next the skill and the reso

friends, many soldiers and centurions and a convoy of wagons bearing money and equipment. 1 The appeal worked he gave a brib

me importance when he arrived in Italy. Seven months pass, and he has money , troops and a following. Whence came his adherent

ns of Italy. The hazards were palpable, and so were the rewards land, money and power, the estates and prerogatives of the no

. The party did not appeal to the impecunious only. Its leader needed money to attract recruits, subsidize supporters and edu

oneys at his disposal. Antonius is charged with refusing to hand over money due to Caesar’s heir perhaps unjustly. The legaci

advance to Brundisium, or farther, a part at least of the reserves of money which he needed for his campaigns. It would be fo

t in any shady transaction. Along with Matius and Saserna he advanced money for the celebration of the games in July. 6 Oppiu

1 Ad fam. 9, 2, 5. 2 De officiis 1, 25 (Crassus’ definition of the money a princeps required); ib. 26 (on the ‘temeritas’

tonius deserved full recognition, the soldiery recompense in land and money . The claim urged for D. Brutus might perhaps be

erted into legitimate armies recognized by the State; the promises of money made by Octavianus were solemnly ratified; in add

us and to D. Brutus, letters of exhortation. The war needed men and money , vigour and enthusiasm. Levies were held. Hirti

he towns passed decrees. The men of Firmum took the lead in promising money for the war, the Marrucini (or perhaps rather a f

nt, with tired troops, delayed by the raising of new levies, short of money and harassed by petulant missives from Cicero, Br

ction, or returned soon, saving their lives but making a sacrifice in money . 2 There had been an extenuating feature of facti

This Sittius presumably a relative of P. Sittius of Nuceria had spent money on Cales. PageBook=>194 landowner, mustere

l revolution was now carried out, in two stages, the first to provide money for the war, the second to reward the Caesarian l

fter victory. War and the threat of taxation or confiscation drives money underground. It must be lured out again. Capital

ute neutrals and freedmen of the commercial class got value for their money in the solid form of landed NotesPage=>194

property in Africa. 7 Cicero, though chronically in straits for ready money , was a very wealthy man: his villas in the countr

ndirect. But now Rome and Italy had to pay the costs of civil war, in money and land. There was no other source for the Caesa

hands of the Republicans. From Italy, therefore, had to be found the money to pay the standing army of the Caesarians, which

coast of Albania and marched eastwards. A campaign in Thrace secured money and the loyalty of the native chieftains. Then, c

but to occupy the time by organizing their resources and raising more money : so several months of the following year were spe

leaders now had to satisfy the demands of their soldiers for land and money . Octavianus was to return to Italy to carry out t

Antonius to regulate the affairs of the East and exact the requisite money . About the provinces of the West they made the fo

r to re-establish the rule of Rome and extort for the armies yet more money from the wealthy cities of Asia, the prey of both

eceive Peloponnesus as well. To recognition was added compensation in money and future consulates for himself and for Libo. T

t to establish. From the Egyptian alliance Antonius hoped to derive money and supplies for his military enterprises. Egypt,

ck to Egypt. Canidius the marshal dissented, pointing to the men, the money and the ships that Cleopatra provided for the war

loyalty of his legions by paying a donative. In desperate straits for money , he imposed new taxation of unprecedented severit

create opinion, produce votes of the local senates and facilitate by money or by moral suasion the levying of ‘volunteer’ ar

Philippi, reversing the outcome and destroying the Caesarians. Time, money and supplies were on his side: he might delay and

man; he coined in gold and silver in the provinces; and he spent his money with ostentation and for power. The military colo

istocratic Republic had disguised and sometimes thwarted the power of money : the new order was patently, though not frankly,

29 B.C., about the time of his triumph, Octavianus gave a donative in money to the veterans in his colonies. 3 No fewer than

hased from his own funds. After that, he instituted a bounty, paid in money . 4 Soldiers dismissed in the years 7-2 B.C. recei

sunk for ever. Others, through casualties in the Civil Wars, loss of money and influence, or lack of deference to the new ru

sulate, social distinction by advantageous marriages and endowment in money on a princely scale. Egypt was his, the prize upo

s and Mamurra, the gardens of Balbus:3 Cicero himself was still owing money to Caesar for a timely loan when the Civil War br

acquired an imposing mansion from his profits as a political advocate money from P. Sulla went to pay for it. The Antonian L.

ment and terrify the owners of property he was to receive a bounty in money . NotesPage=>389 1 Dio 54, 6, 5. 2 Ib. 54

ompetition and from profit, for the governor now received a salary in money . 5 Politics can be controlled but not abolished,

subsidized from his own private fortune. 7 Augustus had huge sums of money at his disposal he paid the bounty to discharged

ing or permanence. Matches contracted for the open and avowed ends of money , politics or pleasure were lightly dissolved acco

the primacy over pecuniary profit. If the growing of corn brought no money to the peasant, if his life was stern and laborio

The price of Italian land rose steeply. 3 The rich grew richer. Their money went into landed property. Large estates grew lar

r crawled for favour, ignobly subservient, and practised delation for money and advancement. The moralist or the student of I

was Sallustius, it is true, attacking both oligarchy and the power of money , with advocacy of moral and social reform. 2 The