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1 (1960) THE ROMAN REVOLUTION
, 1, 2), the leading authority on goats (ib. 2, 3, 1), who had been a legate of Pompeius in the war against the Pirates (ib. 2
d a master of all rural science (ib. 1, 2, 10). 3 Varro served as a legate with Pompeius both in the Sertorian War and in th
Max. 3, 8, 3) and again in 65 (Ad Att. 1, 1, 1). Note also Pompeius’ legate L. Lollius (Appian, Mithr. 95; Josephus, AJ 14, 2
the consular elections be postponed to permit the candidature of his legate , M. Pupius Piso, the request was granted. 9 Not
er Marcia, however, was the wife of Cato); and Marcellinus had been a legate of Pompeius (Appian, Mithr. 95; S1G3 750). 3 Cr
Senate by the censors of 70. But Clodianus (cos. 72, censor 70) was a legate in the Pirate War (Appian, Mithr. 95) and so was
sprenas (Bell. Afr. 80, 4). Q. Marcius Crispus (ib. 77, 2) had been a legate of L. Piso in Macedonia (In Pisonem 54). As for A
us, attested in 48 b.c (Appian, BC 2, 48, 197), the former had been a legate of Q. Cicero in Asia (Ad Q. fratrem 1, 1, 10), th
w of Brutus. D. Junius Brutus Albinus, a distant relation, had been a legate of Caesar in Gaul. For his pedigree, showing conn
RA, 407; P- W, Supp. v, 369 ff. 3 L. Julius Caesar (cos. 64) was a legate (BC 1, 8, 2), but his son fought for the Republic
was married to a Julia (Val. Max. 6, 7, 3). This P. Sulpicius Rufus, legate of Caesar in the Gallic and Civil Wars (P-W IV A,
f. Vel. ’ (cf. CIL I2, 1917 = ILS 5391, Cupra Maritima). Now Caesar’s legate L. Minucius Basilus owed his name to his maternal
ther relatives were of little consequence. Q. Pedius, a knight’s son, legate in the Gallic and Civil Wars, and a mysterious pe
nzer, Hermes LXXI (1936), 226 ff.; P-W XIX, 38 ff. Q. Pedius had been legate in Gaul (BG 2, 2, 1, &c.) and proconsul in Hi
d parody of that smooth exemplar. Plancus, who had served as Caesar’s legate in the Gallic and in the Civil Wars, was the reve
ce dispatched Ventidius against the enemy. With Ventidius went as his legate or quaestor the Marsian Poppaedius Silo. 6 Ventid
s is unknown. Carisius is probably P. Carisius, of later notoriety as legate of Augustus in Spain (Dio 53, 25, 8): an interest
in the past an ally and protégé of Cicero, a partisan of Caesar and a legate of Plancus in Gaul. 5 Other diplomats were Q. Del
; and a Nerva, perhaps one of the Cocceii, was an intimate, perhaps a legate , of Plancus in 43 B.C. (Ad fam. 10, 18, 1). 4 I
51, 7, i), is otherwise unknown: perhaps a relative of the Caesarian legate C. Didius (Bell. Hisp, 40, I, &c). M. Oppius
961), was the son of Augustus’ half-sister Octavia (ILS 8963). He was legate of Illyricum in 8 B.C. (Cassiodorus, Chron. min.
is attested c. 24-23 (Josephus, BJ 1, 398; AJ 15, 345); and the first legate of Galatia, annexed in 25, was M. Lollius (Eutrop
s at the end of the following year (above, p. 171). 2 Namely Varro, legate in Syria c. 24-23. Presumably the M. Terentius Va
f Murena. 4 What friends or following Murena had is uncertain but the legate of Syria about this tirke bore the name of Varro.
a was distant from Rome, there must be care in the choice of Caesar’s legate to govern it. Conspiracy in the capital might be
pied in the Balkans for three arduous years. 3 So it was Tiberius, as legate of Illyricum, not Agrippa, who subdued the Pann
vince that succeeded the kingdom of Amyntas, was first organized by a legate of praetorian rank and was commonly reckoned as p
assigned to the governor of a new province to the north, the imperial legate of Moesia. 3 When both Illyricum and the Rhine ar
that M. Vinicius was the last proconsul, Tiberius the first imperial legate , of Illyricum. 3 For the dating to this period,
t up as a result of the campaigns of Piso. The first clearly attested legate of Moesia is the consular A. Caecina Severus in A
ian in rank, cf. ILS 931 and 945. The first person to be described as legate of a definite legion is P. Cornelius Lcntulus Sci
Principate, the previous experience as military tribune and legionary legate gained by a man described as a ‘vir militaris’, a
he eastern provinces were political rather than administrative. The legate of Syria might be a menace to the government in R
25, 4. PageBook=>398 After Varro, Agrippa is the next attested legate , governing the province in absentia; and there ma
verning the province in absentia; and there may have been no separate legate for Syria during the period of his sojourn as vic
the East from his Antonian days, appears then to have been appointed legate in Syria:1 his successor was the trusty and compe
ars; after that, he was proconsul of Asia; 7 subsequently, it may be, legate of Syria. 8 NotesPage=>398 1 He is atteste
or, JRS XXVI (1936), 161 ff. Hence the possibility that M. Titius was legate of Syria on two separate occasions. The argument
robably 9–6 B.C. (P-W I A, 1519 ff.). There might be room for another legate between Titius and Sentius, but there is no point
from Tibur (ILS 918). This inscr. records the career of a man who was legate of Augustus in a province the name of which is lo
amenta triumphalia for a successful war, then proconsul of Asia, then legate again, of Syria. This would fit Piso and his Bell
is place with C. Caesar. 3 Three or four years later he was appointed legate of Syria, in which capacity he annexed Judaea aft
B.C.) held in succession the posts of proconsul of Asia and imperial legate of Galatia, fighting there and suppressing the mo
brought troops to the Balkans, fought along with Caecina Severus, the legate of Moesia, in a great battle all but disastrous f
LS 918 could be claimed for Quirinius (and the war which he fought as legate of Galatia- Pamphylia c. 9-8 or 4-3 B.C.), it can
’ death he was succeeded by Sex. Appuleius (cos. 29 B.C.); 2 the next legate was L. Domitius Ahenobarbus, who marched across G
retained by the proconsul or may already have been transferred to the legate of Moesia. 5 However that may be, no consulars ca
ernative: the latter might seem more plausible. Further, the consular legate Cn. Cornelius Lentulus, usually assigned to Ill
Lentulus, usually assigned to Illyricum, could quite well have been a legate of Moesia in the period 9 B.C.–A.D. 6. PageBook
), cf. CIL II 2581 (Lucus Augusti). If it could be proved that he was legate of Citerior rather than of Ulterior, it would sho
es. Late in 97 or early in 98 Syria is found to be without a consular legate (ILS 1055). 2 Dio 69, 1; SHA Hadr. 4, 10. Pag
uleius (cos. 29 B.C.), a dim and mysterious figure, but none the less legate of Illyricum in 8 B.C., was the son of Octavia, t
the veteran Titius, not heard of since Actium, but probably appointed legate of Syria when Agrippa left the East (13 B.C.,) C.
the Rhine:4 he was followed by Varus, with L. Nonius Asprenas as his legate . 5 In the East, L. Volusius Saturninus, a family
bility. 5 The competent and sturdy novus homo C. Poppaeus Sabinus was legate of Moesia. 6 In Syria stood Creticus Metellus Sil
7 NotesPage=>437 1 ILS 8996. Cossus’ son, Lentulus Gaetulicus ( legate of Upper Germany, A.D. 30-39), betrothed his daug
thnarch was deposed, Augustus decided to annex Judaea. Quirinius, the legate of Syria, and the procurator Coponius proceeded t
an an end of oppression and injustice. The vices and cruelties of the legate Carisius are said to have caused a rising in Spai
inued by a son (cos. 4 B.C.), ended with his grandson (cos. A.D. 26), legate of Pannonia and accused of high treason in A.D. 3
338, 384. Aelius Lamia, L., wealthy knight, 81 f. Aelius Lamia, L., legate of Augustus in Spain, 329, 333; addressed in an O
ntistius Vetus, C. (cos. suff. 30 B.C.), 64, 111, 171, 206, 328, 329; legate of Hispania Citerior, 329 f., 332; his descendant
nephew of Augustus, 129, 378, 421, 483; proconsul of Spain, 303, 309; legate of Illyricum in 8 B.C., 328, 400. Appuleius, Se
2. PageBook=>540 Caecina Severus, A. (cos. suff. 1 B.C.), 363; legate of Moesia, 394, 399, 436; on the Rhine, 437; his
senator, 132, 235. Carisius, P., partisan of Octavianus, 236, 376; legate of Hispania Ulterior, 329, 332; his brutal charac
373. Cornelius Lentulus Scipio, P. (cos. suff. A.D. 24), legionary legate , 396. Cornelius Lentulus Spinther, P. (cos. 57 B.
nsulares, 349 f. Furnius, C. (cos. 17 B.C.), saves his father, 299; legate in Spain, 333; consul, 373. Gabinius, A. (cos.
ain, 333; consul, 373. Gabinius, A. (cos. 58 B.C.), as tribune, 29; legate of Pompeius, 31, 32; consul, 36, 82, 94, 374; gov
1, 105; as a courtier, 385 f.; enjoys the favour of women, 386, 511; legate of Tarraconensis, 503; his essential nullity, 105
Gaul, see Gallia. Gellius Poplicola, L. (cos. 72 B.C.), censor and legate of Pompeius, 66. Gellius Poplicola, L. (cos. 36
5. Junius Silanus, M. (cos. 25 B.C.), notorious renegade, 325, 349; legate of Lepidus, 178; with Sex. Pompeius, 189, 227; an
, ‘Parthicus imperator’, 223, 259. PageBook=>552 Labienus, T., legate of Caesar, 31, 90, 94, 163, 178, 396, 397; origin
arls, 381, 477; husbands, 499, 518. Lollii, 31, 362. Lollius, L., legate of Pompeius, 31. Lollius, M., of Ferentinum, 362.
, 193. Munatius Plancus, L. (cos. 42 B.C.), 95, 109, 197, 199, 245; legate of Comata, 110, 165; behaviour in 43 B.C., 173, 1
end of Augustus, 483. Nonius Asprenas, L. (cos. suff. A.D. 6), 424; legate of Varus, 435; proconsul of Africa, 438; importan
ucaei, 235. Peducaeus, C., falls at Mutina, 235. Peducaeus, Sex., legate of Caesar, 64, 111, 199; his family, 235. PageB
us Silvanus, M. (cos. 2 B.C.), 385, 422; proconsul of Asia, 399, 435; legate of Galatia, 399, 435; in Illyricum, 399, 436; d
tates in Epirus, 108; prosopographical studies, 508. Pomptinus, C., legate of Cicero in Cilicia, 396. Pontifex maximus, di
, 26, 87. Poppaeus Sabinus, C. (cos. A.D. 9), novus homo, 362, 434; legate of Moesia, 397, 437; his daughter, 499; origin, 3
, P. (cos. 13 B.C.), 377, 421, 424, 425, 434; proconsul of Africa and legate of Syria, 401; in Germany, 432, 433; responsibili
ress of Octavianus, 277. Rufinus, freedman of Caesar, 76. Rufrenus, legate of Lepidus and ardent Antonian, 189, 202. Rutilii
9 B.C.), 227, 228, 269, 282, 330, 382, 397; behaviour as consul, 371; legate of Syria, 398, 425; on the Rhine, 401, 435; Pompe
A.D. 13). 435, 437. Silius Nerva, P. (cos. 20 B.C.), 330, 372, 425; legate in Hispania Citerior, 333; proconsul of Illyricum
novus homo and Antonian partisan, 200, 267 f.; at Zacynthus, 223; as legate of Syria, 224, 264; builds temple of Apollo, 241;
alba, C. (cos. suff. 5 B.C.), 377, 386, 511. Sulpicius Galba, Ser., legate of Caesar, 67, 69, 95. Sulpicius Galba, Ser. (cos
76, 393, 419, 425, 434, 452; his career, 399; Homonadensian War, 399; legate of Syria, 435; his census in Judaea in A.D. 6, 39
52. Terentia, mother of L. Seius Strabo, 358. Terentius Culleo, Q., legate of Lepidus, 178. Terentius Varro, M., Pompeian
perience, 31, 396. Terentius Varro, M., attested in 25 B.C., 330; ? legate of Syria, 334, 338. Terentius Varro, P., Narbonen
eath of, 333 f.; the problem of his full name, 325 f.; ? his brother, legate in Syria, 329 f. Terrasidius, T., officer of Ca
rts Antonius, 281 f.; at Actium, 297; under the Principate, 328, 349; legate of Syria, 398; his unpopularity, 376, 478; his wi
8. Titulus Tiburtinus, attribution of, 398 f. Titurius Sabinus, Q., legate of Caesar, 67. Tota Italia, 16, 86, 88, 284 ff.,
., senator from Concordia, 363. Trebonius, C. (cos. suff. 45 B.C.), legate of Caesar, 94; son of a knight, 95; proconsul of
Valerius Catullus, L., Augustan senator, 363. Valerius Flaccus, L., legate of L. Piso in Macedonia, 396. Valerius Messalla,
3. Varius Rufus, L., poet, 225, 254. Varro, see Terentius. Varro, legate in Syria, see M. Terentius Varro. Vasio, 502, 503
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