instrument of power, the tribunate, an anomalous historical survival given new life by the party of the Gracchi and converte

the tone of his political professions. Short of the consulate, it was given NotesPage=>024 1 Plutarch, Cato minor II (

heir women to good effect in the past; and one of their daughters was given in marriage to the elder son of the dynast Crassu

peculiar delight in rebuffing or harrying Cicero, and the Metelli had given him a pointed reminder of the dignitas of their h

duties which they owed to birth and station. The plebs would not have given preference and votes against Caesar for one of th

, who had once raised a private army in the Peninsula. 6 Africa had given the name and occasion to the first triumph of the

mitted talents, it is by no means likely that the Dictator would have given the consulate to Ventidius or to Balbus he did no

the acts and the party of Caesar survived his removal. Of necessity, given the principles and nature of the conspiracy: the

e authority of the office he held, the predominance of Antonius was a given and inescapable fact. Certain of his acts that le

alternatives to Caesar’s autocracy. Chance and his own resolution had given Antonius the position of vantage. At first he see

ardly to be prevented at this juncture. 3 Ib. 14, 12, 1. Caesar had given them only Latin rights 4 Ib. 14, 12, 1, &.

ion in itself, even if it were not coupled with the official sanction given to a private adventurer against a proconsul of th

treason, justified by assistance which Trebonius and his quaestor had given to the enterprises of Brutus and Cassius. A thril

which the Caesarian consul Pansa on his death-bed may or may not have given to Caesar’s heir. 4 And now on others beside Oc

situation; messages may then have passed. A clear indication was soon given . As Octavianus moved up the Flaminia, he instruct

g Caesar to resign the office he had seized. The rest of the year was given to P. Ventidius and C. Carrinas, a pair of consul

rio among the novi homines of the Revolution. 1 Which is appropriate, given the rarity and non-Latin termination of their fam

ullus, a NotesPage=>205 1 Plutarch, Brutus 43. 2 The date is given by the Calendar of Praeneste, L’ann. ép., 1922, 9

, p. 50, cf. 180. The fullest account of the exploits of Ventidius is given by Dio, 48, 39, 3 ff.; 49, 19, 1 ff. According to

ratinus. He is not attested with Octavianus before 36 B.C. The reason given for his change of allegiance was naturally disapp

us emancipated himself from the tutelage of Antonius; and Octavia had given Antonius no son to inherit his leadership of the

tonius’ departure from Egypt nearly four years earlier, Cleopatra had given birth to twin children, not a matter of any impor

ver the land perhaps he did not have enough legions. Thus Artavasdes, given impunity, could desert with his cavalry at a crit

c dynast was ambiguous, disquieting and vulnerable. Credence might be given to the most alarming accounts of his ulterior amb

f support from the Roman aristocracy. 3 For the moment violence had given Octavianus an insecure control of Rome and Italy.

ied, he should be buried beside her in Alexandria. 2 The signal was given for a renewed attack. Calvisius, the Caesarian so

e situation appeared favourable: he was blamed for not exploiting the given advantage before his enemy created by propaganda

Dio is to be believed (50, 4, 2). The publication of the will is not given so much importance and effect by Plutarch (Antoni

ron, as soldiers to an imperator. It resembled also the solemn pledge given by the Senate to Caesar the Dictator in the last

and impassable strip of the mountains of Montenegro, was the frontier given by nature, by history, by civilization and by lan

cia of a number of soldiers of eastern origin the fact that they were given the Roman franchise on enlistment by certain part

, baffled on land. 6 The names of the commanders on either side are given by Velleius 2, 85, 2 Plutarch, Antonius 65; Dio 5

he girl was enlisted as an instrument of Roman imperial policy, being given in marriage to Juba, the prince of the Numidian r

ognition of their authority or their power. 1 The name was not always given in praise, for the princeps was all too often a p

. It was worth having, and she never betrayed a secret. Livia had not given the Princeps a child. She had two sons by her fir

trial, M. Primus the proconsul of Macedonia alleged that he had been given secret instructions by Marcellus as well as by Au

made, it was quickly abandoned. Not so much because it was a mockery, given the true character of popular election at Rome it

ny more exalt a patron with divine honours. The cult of the ruler was given system and extension partly to combat this practi

nzipats, 235 f. According to Dio (54, 10, 5), in 19 B.C. Augustus was given consular imperium for life: for the interpretatio

ly, and all provinces indirectly. The statute of 23 B.C. may not have given the Princeps the power of making war and peace. 2

fer from the Lex de imperio Vespasiana, as many do, that Augustus was given this power, explicitly. 3 Josephus, AJ 17, 229.

rd. 2 It is evident that Augustus and his confidential advisers had given anxious thought to the problem of providing for t

was devoured by a fatal impatience to play the politician. He was not given the command of an army. L. Arruntius came of a we

ndividual owners in liberating their slaves. 5 Yet even freedmen were given corporate dignity and corporate duties by the ins

n in the armies of the East. Galatians were regularly conscripted and given the Roman citizenship on enlistment. 4 Further, s

es: he was able to preserve from justice a certain Castricius who had given him information about the conspiracy of Murena. 4

eritance to the later generations of the Julii and Claudii. Livia had given her husband no children but the Claudii ruled. An

nts even of a Triumviral consul. 10 PageNotes. 500 1 His wife had given birth to six children, Tacitus, Ann. 3, 33. 2 F

of the historical student. The filiation of consuls, where known, is given , for it is often a valuable clue to ready identif

e or as the origo of some person: in most cases the bare reference is given , without comment. PageBook=>535 Acerrae, 7

llius. Cilicia, no longer a province, 260, 271 f. Cilicia Aspera, given to Cleopatra, 260, 271; cities founded there, 281

. (pr. 44 B.C.), 91. Custos, as title of Augustus, 519 f. Cyprus, given to Egypt, 260, 272; under the Principate, 326, 33

tumus, C., financier, his importance, 73; services to Caesar, 82; not given the consulate, 82, 95; helps Octavianus, 131. R

f consuls are printed in black type. On Tables I and II the dates are given in years B.C. II. THE KINSMEN OF CATO This ta

on with the Cornelii Lentuli, however, the views of E. Groag are here given preference, cf. the table in PIR2, C, facing p. 3