as early as the year 23 B.C., so that a continuous narrative may run down to that date, thence to diverge into a descriptio

e Julii and Claudii was a tyranny, tracing year by year from Tiberius down to Nero the merciless extinction of the old arist

te of Augustus: the work appears to have ended when the Republic went down at Philippi. That Pollio chose to write no furthe

o never spoke against these ‘homines honestissimi’ and never let them down : they were in the habit of requiting his services

ower and founding cities in his name. From Thrace to the Caucasus and down to Egypt the eastern lands acknowledged his predo

ouragement to Cicero. Cicero, of course, complains of having been let down by the Optimates (ib., passim). 4 Cf. M. Cary,

e, nearly four hundred against twenty-two, wished both dynasts to lay down their extraordinary commands. 3 A rash and factio

litician of the day: he was declared a public enemy if he did not lay down his command before a certain day. By invoking con

gion to hand: the bulk of his army was still far away. But he swept down the eastern coast of Italy, gathering troops, mom

y to a politician whose boast and reputation it was that he never let down his friends. Where Pompeius lost supporters throu

aesar appealed to the legions, devoted and invincible they could tear down the very heavens, so he told people at Hispalis,

the Bellum Alexandrinum, with the intention of carrying his narrative down to the death of Caesar; and he produced less unob

ignity and power. Had not Sulla enriched his partisans, from senators down to soldiers and freedmen? There were to be no pro

f Rome from Asculum in the Picene land through the Marsi and Paeligni down to Samnium and Lucania rose against Rome and foug

An amnesty in the form of an offer of the citizenship to any who laid down their arms within sixty days may have weakened th

not participate in the African and Spanish campaigns, will not be put down to his cowardice or to Caesar’s distrust. Dolabel

icero, Phil. 13, 15 2 Below, p. 136. PageBook=>110 that bore down the heads of the nobilitas, the fierce but incons

eir. Loyalty could only be won by loyalty in return. Caesar never let down a friend, whatever his character and station. Ant

me to redeem all, to assert leadership, to free the State again or go down with it in ruin. Once he had written about the id

th cruelty. Virgins of the best families at Byzantium cast themselves down wells to escape the vile proconsul; 4 and the bla

ons were announced as though any individual or party wished to strike down that worthy and innocuous pair, Hirtius and Pansa

arked deficiency in vigour, decision and authority. ‘We have been let down by the principes’; such was the constant and bitt

tion, for he had recently induced the adventurer Sex. Pompeius to lay down his arms and come to terms with the government in

THE public enemy was on the run. All that remained was to hound him down . If Lepidus and Plancus held firm in the West, th

Lepidus was a Caesarian: but Brutus refused to concur in the hounding down of the family of Lepidus, who had married his own

e formalities were coming to matter less and less. Octavianus marched down the Flaminian Way and entered the city unopposed.

e. Agrippa indicted Cassius,1 a person called L. Cornificius marked down Brutus as his prey. 2 Of the jurors, though caref

nt family of Tibur:3 the proscription of a Coponius may fairly be put down to Plancus. 4 A brother and a nephew of Plancus w

hazards of this eventful year. The eighteen cities of Italy marked down to satisfy the soldiery were not slow to make ope

the fleet of Ahenobarbus, superior in strength, was descried bearing down upon them. Antonius drove on: Plancus was afraid.

. He maintained a large fleet here, protecting the coast from Albania down to Peloponnesus. One of its stations was the isla

the coast of Caria in the west, in the south all the lands from Syria down to Jerusalem. Most of the client kings were dislo

32 generals of Antonius. Gradually and relentlessly they hunted him down , Furnius, Titius and the Galatian prince Amyntas.

ied archaic style and short sentences, ending abruptly; 1 and he laid down the model and categories of Roman historiography

s became so acute that Antonius instructed Canidius to bring the army down to the sea-coast of Asia. 2 There the legions pas

in the Triumvirate. 2 Antonius had already professed readiness to lay down office and join in restoring the Republic. 3 Oc

Sulmo to the national cause seventeen years later may perhaps be put down to the agency of a local office-holding family, t

cal compacts at home, devised to subvert or suspend the constitution, down to his third consulate and the power he held by f

roconsuls when praetorian in rank. 4 Augustus was consul every year down to 23 B.C.; he therefore possessed a voice in the

ealed his acquiescence in the new dispensation. Then Augustus broke down : undermined in Spain and temporarily repaired, hi

leader. This unofficial army of civic order was steadily replenished. Down to 13 B.C., a cardinal date in the history of the

d for security from riot or fire. 3 The Viceroy of Egypt could look down from high eminence upon a mere proconsul of Crete

urgence of the Marian faction. Dictatorship and Revolution both broke down Roman prejudice and enriched the poorer Italian g

rom all Italy in its widest extension, from the foothills of the Alps down to Apulia, Lucania and Bruttium. Not only do anci

ral and ‘progressive’. Moreover, every class in society from senators down to freedmen now enjoyed status and function in th

eir partisans. The dynasts had destroyed the Republic and themselves, down to the last survivor, Caesar’s heir. Engrossing a

r a long time, hardly ever admitting a suffect consul. After 19 B.C., down to and including 6 B.C., a period of thirteen yea

rom the daughters of consular families such as Sempronia and Servilia down to minor but efficient intriguers like that Praec

s in 35 and 34 B.C. conquered the whole of Bosnia and the Save valley down to Belgrade (which no ancient source asserts) and

ius and Gaius, the sons of Agrippa, whom he had adopted as his own. Down to 13 B.C., Augustus and Agrippa conducted or at

lication, to invent an earlier census of Judaea) always seem to break down somewhere. Though ILS 918 could be claimed for Qu

a. When Augustus took counsel with his consort, he was careful to set down his views in writing beforehand. The dominance of

miable than her grim husband. But all is uncertain if Augustus struck down Julia and Antonius, it was not from tenderness fo

r symptoms. Nemausus, a loyal and patriotic city of Narbonensis, cast down the statues of Tiberius; 4 and a despicable easte

e caused no fewer than eighty silver statues in the city to be melted down and converted into offerings to Apollo, his patro

record of their res gestae, from Aeneas and Romulus in the beginning down to recent worthies who had held triumphs or recei

lue it was followed by a rising which Varus the governor of Syria put down . Ten years later, when Archelaus the ethnarch was

us Messalla gave himself airs of independence. In 26 B.C. he had laid down the office of praefectus urbi almost at once; and

sius’ stock, with eminent consuls, among them a great jurist, endured down to Nero. 3 Certain noble families, showing thei

om the blameless M. Silanus, whom Caligula called the ‘golden sheep’, down to Junia Calvina, ‘festivissima puella’, who surv

marriage, with paradoxical and fatal results, dragging other families down to ruin. 1 A descendant of Pompeius Magnus raised

ius, cos. 30, cos. 11 45, cf. Tacitus, Ann. 6, 15; Dio 60, 27, 4. 6 Down to the consul of A.D. 96, in direct succession.

consulate under Augustus, they were favoured by subsequent emperors, down to and including Domitian. When Domitian was assa

posed the Annals of the Empire, from the accession of Tiberius Caesar down to the end of Nero. Period and subject might also

in society. It is precisely the sons of Roman knights who have handed down the most typical and most malicious portraits of