en of the Metelli inactive. Ap. Pulcher fought in Macedonia, where he died ; P. Servilius with better fortune for four year

in of the earliest consuls after Sulla were old men already, and some died soon or disappeared. 4 Even in numbers there was

as believed to have procured the assassination of a consul. 2 When he died of a natural but providential death the populace

orcing his own wife, took Metella’s daughter, Aemilia. 1 When Aemilia died , Pompeius kept up that connexion by marrying anot

r than Brutus, adopted by his maternal uncle Q. Servilius Caepio (who died in 67 B.C.) and bearing, as his official name, ‘Q

hter of L. Licinius Crassus (cos. 95 B.C.), cf. P-W XIII, 479 f. Pius died c. 64 B.C. PageBook=>037 Pompeius in reply

tudinibus habuisse potiora. ’ 2 Namely Metellus Pius (cos. 80), who died in 64, Creticus (69) c. 54, L. Metellus(68) in hi

Marian partisan, who was proscribed and escaped to Massilia, where he died . 4 The brothers M. Marcellus (cos. 51) and C. M

wn disloyalty: he composed a pamphlet in honour of the Republican who died true to his principles and to his class. Then he

p. Cicero, Brutus 6 f. The venerable M. Perperna (cos. 92, censor 86) died in the spring of 49 (Dio 41, 14, 5), at the age o

was made governor of the Cisalpina in 49 (Appian, BC 2, 41, 165). He died soon after. PageBook=>065 Though astute an

person and family. The NotesPage=>069 1 Q. Fabius Maximus, who died in his consulate (45 B.C.). 2 Cicero would have

ans declared public enemies in 88 B.C. (Appian, BC 1, 60, 271). Sulla died after a fit of apoplexy caused by a quarrel with

ic, and damaged in repute, surviving a cause for which better men had died , will none the less have striven through intrigue

94. One of them, the patrician Q. Fabius Maximus (cos. 45 B.C.), had died in office. That left six consulars of the years 4

most venerable exclaimed that the ancient monarchy was returning and died upon the spot, of his own will. 2 The scene may h

ain. Antonius’ adherent Q. Fufius Calenus held a military command and died in 40 B.C.; but the Caesarian nobilis Cn. Domitiu

eague and sent him away to be his governor in Spain, where he shortly died . 6 The city of Perusia was destined for pillage.

ed by the fortune that clung to his name. In Gaul Calenus opportunely died . His son, lacking experience or confidence, was i

by a matrimonial alliance. Fulvia, the wife of Antonius, had recently died in Greece. Antonius took in wedlock the sister of

canius announced the end of the ninth age (Servius on Ecl. 9, 47) and died upon the spot: the incident is there brought into

f Epicurus, the passionate young lyric poets Calvus and Catullus, all died shortly before the outbreak of the Civil Wars. C.

ich he almost lived to see firmly established. 1 T. Pomponius Atticus died in 32 B.C., aged seventy-seven: at his bedside st

o, the step-son of Octavianus (19, 4). 2 Ib. 21, 4. Balbus probably died not long after this. PageBook=>258 brief l

g a tetrarch and a tetrarch’s wife, his own daughter. 3 But Deiotarus died in the year of the Parthian invasion. 4 In this

36 B.C. to help Octavianus, and was governor of Syria in 32, when he died (Appian, BC 4, 38, 162; Syr, 51). 3 Described o

as a champion of oriental despotism. Bibulus, the proconsul of Syria, died in this year, but the rest of the Catonian factio

thed legacies to the children of Cleopatra and directed that, when he died , he should be buried beside her in Alexandria. 2

tonius 63; Dio 50, 13, 6; Velleius 2, 84, 2; Suetonius, Nero 3, 2. He died shortly afterwards. 4 Plutarch, Antonius 63. Li

ion. They said that he had deserted the legions after Actium, that he died without fortitude. 2 Antonius’ eldest son was als

us and resolute. There were grounds for the opinion that, if Augustus died , Agrippa would make short work of the Princeps’ y

Messalla Barbatus and C. Caninius Rebilus, consul and consul suffect, died in office. 4 Namely Syria, Gaul, Illyricum (pro

er married Paullus after the death of his wife Cornelia in 16 B.C. He died soon after and her second husband Barbatus died i

ornelia in 16 B.C. He died soon after and her second husband Barbatus died in his consulate. PageBook=>379 As time we

as the destined bride of L. Caesar, the Princeps’ grandson: the youth died , and Lepida was transferred without delay to the

he great politicians were gross and scandalous. When the elder Balbus died , he was able to bequeath to the populace of Rome

was out, Marcellus, the nephew of the Princeps and husband of Julia, died . The widow was consigned to Agrippa. As Maecenas

he central column snapped. Shattered by a winter in Pannonia, Agrippa died in February, 12 B.C. Further, there was delay fro

es of Gaul invaded Germany and reached the Elbe. 5 In 9 B.C. Drusus died , and two more campaigns against the Germans were

geBook=>392 When Agrippa, deputy and son-in-law of the Princeps, died six years before, Augustus appeared to stand alon

sumed the maintenance of temples and public buildings. 3 When Agrippa died in 12 B.C. the State took over his trained staff;

w no peer and left no successor. In the same year as Maecenas, Horace died : Virgil had gone eleven years before. In the last

ingdoms were his gift, precarious and revocable. When Herod the Great died (4 B.C.), the future status of Judaea was debated

ampaigns in Illyricum, in the Balkans and beyond the Rhine. Agrippa died and then Drusus, Tiberius retired morosely to Rho

s, Galba 4, 1), was a distant relative. Likewise Livia Medullina, who died on her wedding day (Suetonius, Divus Claudius 26,

ter this, Lollius the ‘comes et rector’ fell abruptly from favour and died , of his own hand, so it was reported. Everybody r

her Caesar, Lucius, when on his way to Spain succumbed to illness and died at Massilia a few days after Tiberius’ return, th

ctorem Gaio Caesari pravitatis et discordiarum arguebat. ’ 2 Lucius died on August 20th, A.D. 2 (ILS 139). 3 Above, p. 4

office by L. Aelius Lamia. 2 On August 19th, A.D. 14, the Princeps died at Nola in Campania. Tiberius, who had set out fo

propagate. Material encouragement was required. Many old families had died out through lack of heirs, the existence of other

ius might have been a highly remunerative investment for Maecenas. He died young or abandoned the art altogether. Ovid, his

together. Ovid, his junior by about ten years, outlasted Augustus and died in exile at the age of sixty. Ovid in his Amores

ed in the voting-booths of the Roman People. 7 When Lepidus at last died in 12 B.C., Augustus assumed the dignity of ponti

] huic imperent regantque nos felicibu[s] voteis sueis. 2 When they died , the town council of Pisa gave vent to patriotic

r; and in history he was critical as well as creative. Sallustius had died at his task, carrying his Historiae no farther th

Of the family of Brutus, his sister, Cassius’ wife, was the last. She died at the age of ninety-three. At her funeral were b

not all. To Roman and aristocratic pride the families that waned and died in the last generation of the Free State or were

e role. It broke Tiberius and the Principate as well. When Augustus died , tranquil and composed, his daughter, his grandso

. Other families related in some way or other to the reigning dynasty died out before long. The Claudii Marcelli and the Mar

Vitellius was the son of a knight, procurator of Augustus. When he died after a brilliant career of service his enemies c

io, ‘nervosae vivacitatis haud parvum exemplum’ (Val. Max. 8, 13, 4), died in A.D. 5 (Jerome, Chron., p. 170b H). The date o

Saturninus who survived all the perils of the Julio- Claudian age and died at the age of ninety-three. 2 As for the family o

us was not indispensable that was the greatest triumph of all. Had he died in the early years of the Principate, his party w

. It might have been better for Tiberius and for Rome if Augustus had died earlier: the duration of his life, by accustoming

ion and armed violence, the heir of Caesar had endured to the end. He died on the anniversary of the day when he assumed his