eius and of Caesar had hardly been strong or coherent enough to seize control of the whole State and form NotesPage=>007

.C., devised by the political dynasts Pompeius, Crassus and Caesar to control the State and secure the domination of the most p

uinous political force by the tribune C. Gracchus when he set them in control of the law-courts and in opposition to the Senate

nean (the Lex Gabinia). No province of the Empire was immune from his control . Four years before, Pompeius had not even been a

Rome under Caesar’s consulate, several partisans or allies already in control of the more important provincial armies. 6 The co

anced, he secured a special commission for five years to purchase and control corn for the city. The powers were wide, but perh

irect charge of the greater military provinces and exercised indirect control over the rest; and he arrogated to himself the po

ruption, but in fact provided resources of patronage for the party in control of the government. Nor was it at all likely that

d an army against Rome. Not of his own choosing his enemies had won control of the government and deprived him of the command

later. It might not come to open war; and Pompeius was still in their control so long as he was not at the head of an army in t

ion goes beyond the wishes of his allies and emancipates himself from control , he may have to be dropped or suppressed. The ref

Ch. VI CAESAR’S NEW SENATORS PageBook=>078 WHEN a party seizes control of the Commonwealth it cannot take from the vanqu

h, Cato minor 2. 3 A large part of Italy must have been outside the control of the Roman government in the years 88–83 B.C. T

not those of a mere soldier. Caesar, a good judge of men, put him in control of Italy more than once during the Civil Wars, in

force the argument for firm concord in the governing class and a firm control of affairs by the consuls. To this end Antonius

fact that Octavianus at Brundisium in April, for a time at least, had control both of certain funds destined for the wars of th

ilippics carry the impression that their valiant author stood in sole control of the policy of the State. The situation was muc

their opponents to claim and demonstrate that a gang (or factio), in control for the moment of the legitimate government, was

ces of fraudulent humanitarians or high-minded casuists. The party in control of the government could secure sanction for almos

s. 3 Of the provinces of the West, Antonius for the present assumed control of the territories which he claimed by vote of th

ις κϵίνοτς σχϵ (48, 4, 3) perhaps unjustly. Varius Cotyla was left in control of Comata in 43 B.C. (Plutarch, Antonius 18): in

nast Pompeius in 60 B.C. and during the years following depended upon control , open or secret, of the organs of government. Pom

Lepidus was left behind in nominal charge of Rome and Italy. The real control rested with Antonius, for one of his partisans, C

f the fleet of Brutus and Cassius, reinforced Murcus and won complete control of the seas between Italy and the Balkans. The co

ius, his presence in Italy, the advantageous alliance and the regular control of patronage improved his prospects. Another four

of an owner of land, once enlisted in his defence, might escape from control , terrorize their neighbourhood and defy the gover

timony to their power, an attempt of the government to monopolize the control of prophecy and propaganda. Yet in some classes

seductive Glaphyra, fell the kingdom of Cappadocia. Polemo assumed control of the north-east, holding Pontus and Armenia Min

Dio 42, 6, 3. PageBook=>272 he also removed Cyprus from Roman control and resigned it to the kingdom of Egypt. 1 Antoni

tocracy. 3 For the moment violence had given Octavianus an insecure control of Rome and Italy. But violence was not enough: h

establishing a claim upon their estates. Many regions were under the control of Octavianus’ firmest friends and partisans. It

emency of Italy’s leader after Actium. 5 It is naturally difficult to control or refute these partisan assertions. Sosius survi

e the proconsuls from the more powerful of the military provinces and control these regions directly himself, with proconsular

him the means to initiate and direct public policy at Rome if not to control through consular imperium the proconsuls abroad.

eeded by an enhanced consular imperium, had recently been employed to control the armed proconsuls. But the Triumvirate was abo

ction of senatorial debate and public policy, a vague and traditional control over all provincial governors. At need, he could

refore hard to discern under what conditions they were liberated from control and restored to Republican freedom. That there

esence of both her rulers. There followed a certain relaxation in the control of elections from accident or from design. August

st nine nobiles. 2 After seizing power in 32 B.C. Octavianus has sole control of patronage, advancing his own partisans, in 31-

about it. After the first settlement Augustus in no way relaxed his control of the armies, holding the most powerful of them

he clientela of individual politicians. 4 At Rome the Princeps seized control of all games and largesse. The descendants of gre

it is evident that there would have to be expert preparation and firm control behind the scenes of all public transactions. The

. 8 Senators might preside over the treasury, but the Senate had no control of financial policy, no exact knowledge of the bu

e loss of its shining glories it appears to have broken away from the control of the government. Augustus had grown hard and bi

among its directors, the nominal leader. may emancipate himself from control , or he may be removed by death. For the moment, A

attained their majority, a Council of Regency, open or secret, would control the government. It would be idle indeed to spec

, 1 f. 2 As Cn. Piso (cos. 7 B.C.) found to his cost when trying to control Germanicus. 3 Pliny, NH 9, 118. Velleius speaks

rtue of a law conferring on him powers equal with the Princeps in the control of provinces and armies. 2 After conducting a cen

patrons of the arts. They were formidable and independent, retaining control of their own property in marriage. The emancipati

could show more authentic grievances. Augustus intended to keep firm control over provincial governors. He tightened the legal

PageBook=>509 WHEN a party has triumphed in violence and seized control of the State, it would be plain folly to regard t

the brief unhappy Principate of Nerva was a cogent argument for firm control of the State. Like the vain pomp of eastern kin

n. As the years passed, he emancipated himself more and more from the control of his earlier partisans; the nobiles returned to

4, 265, 270; after Actium, 301; Augustus’ policy, 388, 428. Armies, control of, 35 f., 325; in 44 B.C., 102 f., 110 f.; in 43

, 336 ff., 406, 412; provincia, 313 f., 326 f., 329 f., 373, 393 ff.; control of elections, 325, 370 ff.; relations with the Se

s of, 13 f.; ideals, 14, 504; averse from politics, 13, 94, 359, 363; control of law courts, 13; entry to Senate, 10, 13, 81, 3

-Italian, 465; Roman, 440 f.; in military colonies, 478. Patronage, control of, 15, 32, 36, 39, 55, 107, 238, 239, 242, 369 f

s, 31 f., 36, 40, 43; alliance with Crassus and Caesar, 8, 34 f.; his control of provinces, 35, 42; actions in 59–53 B.C., 36 f

, C., Augustan senator, 384, 466. Proscriptions, 190 ff. Provinces, control of, in 60–58 B.C., 35 f.; in 50 B.C., 42; in 44 B

riod, 310; arrangements of Antonius, 266; allegiance in 32 B.C., 292; control of, after Actium, 302 f.; division in 27 B.C., 31

3 ff., 323 ff., 394; consular and praetorian, 326 ff., 393; Augustus’ control of senatorial provinces, 382, 406; provinces take

rial provinces, 382, 406; provinces taken over by Augustus, 394, 406; control of, in A.D. 14, 437 f.; loyalty to the Principate

8, 256; in the East, 263, 273 f., 473 f.; religions, alien, 256, 448; control of, by Augustus, 411; reforms, 446 ff.; degree of