radition, not as mere lieutenants of a military leader or subservient agents of arbitrary power. For that reason ‘Dux’ became

he living interest of history and precludes a fair judgement upon the agents . They did not know the future. Heaven and the v

y be discerned again in the Republic of Augustus as the ministers and agents of power, the same men but in different garb. The

anage bribery, intimidation or rioting, the friendly offices of lowly agents such as influential freedmen were not despised. A

of dissolution represented by the army-commanders and their political agents . It took shape at first in his consulate as conco

ise of Caesar menaced the primacy of Pompeius the Great. No longer an agent and minister but a rival, the conqueror of Gaul f

g. He sometimes forgets that awkward fact. If the leader or principal agent of a faction goes beyond the wishes of his allies

to illegal courses. The political dynast Crassus used Catilina as his agent . Catilina could not, or would not, understand tha

paying the debts of needy senators and winning the support of daring agents . There was no scope for talent or ideas on the

and noted for their attacks upon Caesar, when Caesar was an ally and agent of the dynast Pompeius. They now turned against t

onius 63 = p. 72 Clark). 2 Pompeius spoke publicly in favour of his agent and constrained Cicero to undertake his defence:

alis, misguided Spaniards. 4 The centurions were allies and political agents as well as officers. At Pharsalus the sturdy Cras

mong Caesar’s friends were his secretaries, counsellors and political agents , many of them notable for literary tastes and pro

neutrals, to detach, deceive or intimidate his enemies. Through these agents repeated assaults were delivered upon the waverin

d Caesar threatened to collapse. At this favourable moment an unknown agent was instigated to prosecute Balbus, impugning his

an citizenship. The pact of Luca reunited the dynasts and saved their agent . When the case came up for trial, both Pompeius a

4 (p. 5, Clark), &c. 6 Justin 43, 5, 11 f. PageBook=>075 agent of the proconsul was the admirable C. Valerius Tr

ophanes of that city was his friend, domestic historian and political agent . 2 But Caesar, too, had his partisans in the citi

ratives an estimate of the character and personality of the principal agent is of doubtful advantage at the best of times it

of Caecilius Bassus had brought the news. Further, Scaptius, Brutus’ agent , had arrived at Rome. Servilia promised to pass o

s heir secured almost at once the financial secretaries and political agents of the Dictator. Among the first Caesarians to be

nt in the provinces. The earliest and most efficient of Octavianus’ agents were NotesPage=>132 1 SEG VI, 102 = L’ann.

for which, through easy self-deception, he chose to blame Caesar, the agent of his misfortunes, rather than Pompeius with who

end, Cicero gave it up, gladly. Caesar did not insist. Time was short agents like Balbus were of more use to a busy and imperi

vested with a significance foreign even to the secret thoughts of the agents themselves. Cicero had first made the acquaintanc

in Campania. He pestered Cicero for advice, sending to him his trusty agent Caecina of Volaterrae with demands for an intervi

tensibly to take the waters. 5 Wherever there was trouble, the secret agent Balbus might be detected in the background. For C

Therefore it was legal until the legislation of Antonius (and of his agents ) should have been declared null and void. That wa

was seen at the lectures of philosophers. It may be presumed that his agents were at work in Macedonia and elsewhere. He was a

armies of the Republic. The return was small and grudging; 3 and the agents of the Liberators had intercepted the revenues of

s were drawn irresistibly together. They were instruments rather than agents . Behind them stood the legions and the forces of

. 6 Pliny, NH 7, 134; 34, 6. 7 Nepos Vita Attici 12, 4. Antonius’ agent P. Volumnius Eutrapelus had his eye on it. 8 Th

nts like the inseparable Favonius and by his own personal friends and agents of equestrian rank, such as the banker C. Flavius

y the faithful and imperious Fulvia, the wife of M. Antonius, and his agent Manius, sought to exploit the confusion in the in

ntonius nearly three years earlier. In alarm he sent his confidential agent , Caecina of Volaterrae, and L. Cocceius Nerva, wh

, and Pollio had had a large share in negotiating the treaty he is an agent here, not merely a date. Antonius’ son, heir to t

age. Pietas was not enough. Greek freedmen were his counsellors, his agents and his admirals, while freed slaves manned his s

ate and occasion when Virgil’s estate was confiscated, the manner and agents of its recovery, as retailed by the ancient Lives

2 The lineaments of a new policy had become discernible, the prime agents were already at work. But the acts of the young d

rt of the eastern territories was consigned to four kings, to rule as agents of Rome and wardens of the frontier zone. A Roman

ia Minor. Herod was the fourth king. The policy and the choice of the agents goes beyond all praise: it was vindicated by hist

measure of decentralization was inevitable in the eastern lands. The agents and beneficiaries were kings or cities. For Rome,

d a grandson of Cato were still with him) as they were to Octavianus’ agents and to subsequent historians. It might be represe

rsal kingdom. 4 In this deep design Antonius was but her dupe and her agent . Of the ability of Cleopatra there is no doubt:

l as authentic son of the Dictator. Octavianus put up the Caesarian agent Oppius to disprove paternity. 4 The Republican Me

imidation a united front. 7 All Italy was in confusion. 8 Antonius’ agents distributed lavish bribes among the civil populat

, in any time and under any system of government, the identity of the agents and ministers of power. That task has all too oft

ippa, the experienced Taurus. Statesmen require powerful deputies and agents , as a historian observed when speaking of these m

. 8 Above all, freedmen were employed by the Princeps as his personal agents and secretaries, especially in financial duties;

officer C. Volusenus Quadratus. 1 Moreover, a proconsul chose for his agent and chief officer of intendance and supply a knig

Book=>360 They were the backbone of Augustus’ faction, the prime agents in the plebiscite of all Italy. So the New State,

finances and political machinations of the dynasts, such as Pompeius’ agent Demetrius, the affluent Gadarene, possessor of ne

position of Agrippa were soon augmented in a measure that none of the agents of the drama of 23 B.C. could have foreseen. Befo

re the reverse of sacerdotal. One of the most eminent authorities and agents in this department of public service appears to h

titutional’ crisis of 23 B.C. by composing speeches for the principal agents in the secret struggle round a moribund despot. M

tic record of such momentous transactions was ever published by their agents . Contemporary rumour and subsequent deductions

hold it by his own efforts alone: was the ostensible author and prime agent in the policy of regeneration merely perhaps carr

t fitted the domination of Pompeius: nostra miseria tu es magnus. 1 Agents with skill to evoke spontaneous manifestations of

ok a heavy toll from the provinces. The Empire supervened to curb its agents and to render the process of exploitation more to

ovincials were already equestrian officers and political or financial agents of the government, not merely under Augustus but

ne. 1 Agrippa indeed occurs twice, but much more as a date than as an agent . Other allies of the Princeps are omitted, save f

40, 45; his consulate, 40; kills L. Ticida, 63; death, 50. Caecina, agent of Octavianus, 131, 142, 208. Caecina, A., Etrusc

efectus fabrum of Caesar, 63, 71, 355; his wealth, 71, 380. Manius, agent of Antonius, 208, 209. Manlii, 10, 18, 357. M

9; nomenclature, 93; senators from, 91, 200. Matius, C., friend and agent of Caesar, 71, 81, 407; his loyalty, 106; his let

binus, 499. Opitergium, 75. Oppii, 72, 268. Oppius, C., Caesarian agent and banker, 71 f., 81, 159; after the Ides, 106;

phanes, Cn., client of Magnus from Mytilene, 35, 76, 262; as a secret agent , 407; as a historian, 459; honoured at Mytilene,