uld be employed for conservative ends by aristocratic demagogues. 2 With the Gracchi all the consequences of empire social

e leader of the oligarchy in its last struggles, M. Porcius Cato. 1 With these three groups were linked in some fashion or

onqueror of Gaul filched his laurels, his prestige and his partisans. With the death of Julia, and the disappearance of Cras

pretext was a special mandate to heal and repair the Commonwealth. 6 With armed men at his back Pompeius established order

ast:2 five consulates in this generation rewarded their sagacity. 3 With these four families was now joined the faction of

, Cicero, In Verrem 11, 1, 118. PageBook=>045 consular rank. 1 With the consuls of the last year of the Republic conv

nsented to an interview, their old amicitia might have been repaired. With the nominal primacy of Pompeius recognized, Caesa

rtation. The word means courage, the ultimate virtue of a free man. With virtus go libertas and fides, blending in a proud

in the kingdom. Senators and knights, such was the party of Caesar. With the Roman plebs and the legions of Gaul, a group

onius (45), C. Caninius Rebilus (cos. suff. 45). PageBook=>095 With the designations for the next year, Hirtius and P

he soldiers of the legions and the inhabitants of the towns of Italy. With the veterans, the Liberators were at once confron

of conventional history must be constrained to silence for a time. With the suppression of the Dictator and return to nor

the dignified bearing, the demagogy and the bribes of Caesar’s heir. With what consummate art he worked upon this material

whetted by the dissemination of propaganda, of promises, of bribes. With his years, his name and his ambition, Octavianus

us solicited his father’s veterans. A tour in Campania was organized. With the young man went five of his intimate friends,

e himself? 2 Octavianus took the supreme risk and set out for Rome. With armed men he occupied the Forum on November 10th.

eturned to their homes, none the worse for a brief autumnal escapade. With weakened forces and despair in his heart, Octavia

p depression. He shunned the Senate, the theatre of his old triumphs. With the passing of time, he might indeed have silence

decree the consuls were to take steps for the security of the State. With the consuls was associated Octavianus. The most e

veterans terrified the raw recruits. 5 The carnage was tremendous. With a glorious victory to the credit of the patriotic

s heir and impose some kind of settlement. They were honest patriots. With their providential removal, the adventurer emerge

an ten times a year’s pay. 5 They had still to receive as much again. With a devoted army, augmented to eleven legions, the

March 17th, and divided for a time the ranks of the Caesarian party. With the revival of the Pompeian faction in the city o

and treachery. The laws and constitution of Rome had been subverted. With them perished honour and security, family and fri

ights, the survivors of the proscriptions, of Philippi, of Perusia. With this moral support Antonius confronted his Caesar

nst Pompeius, for L. Antonius and the Republic in the War of Perusia. With her husband and the child Tiberius, Livia fled fr

Antonius. Three dynasts had held the world in an uneasy equilibrium. With only two remaining the alternatives seemed to be

ssacre for revenge or gain and the establishment of despotic power. 3 With the past returned all the shapes and ministers of

ointed to a special commission to restore order in the countryside. 2 With some success a few years later charges of highway

mand, Antonius appeared the preponderant partner in a divided Empire. With the strong kingdoms of Egypt and Judaea in the so

cts premature. A province of Cilicia was now shown to be superfluous. With the suppression of the Pirates vanished the princ

is retreat from commitments in the East was unobtrusive and masterly. With the Mede, Antonius’ ally, he began by following A

bunate (Dio 52, 42, 3). 4 Tacitus, Ann. 3, 56. PageBook=>337 With his keen taste for realities and inner scorn (but

been through all the wars of the Revolution and had won most of them. With exemplary modesty the victor of Naulochus and Act

a senator, his daughter married the tax-gatherer T. Flavius Sabinus. With these families lay the future. NotesPage=>36

ncing his own partisans, in 31-29 four novi homines and five nobiles. With 28 B.C. annual consulates come back, monopolized

original and scholarly lawyer, M. Antistius Labeo, his consulate. 1 With peace and prosperity polite arts returned to favo

Metellus, a Scaurus and other nobles did not rise to the consulate. 4 With so few suffect consulates in the early years of t

nished from electoral contests: which confirmed its power in private. With the fortune won from confiscation and the treasur

pon his deputy proceeded without any unfortunate incidents in public. With the death of Augustus, the Princeps’ powers lapse

happened in that dark and momentous interval, little can be known. 4 With the steady and public progress of monarchy the im

ir own class, preferred alliance with a freedwoman, or none at all. With marriage and without it, the tone and habits of h

-headed and hard- faced men like Lollius, Quirinius and Tarius Rufus. With such champions, property might rest secure. The

geBook=>472 Perusia, Philippi and Actium all had their portents. With victory, the flood of miracles and propaganda was

not palpably fraudulent. His personal courage was not above reproach. With all allowance made for hostile propaganda, it wil

akes. Seianus fell. The historian may have been involved in his ruin. With the accession of Caligula, the enemies of Augustu

urity again envelops the unfamiliar names of Carrinas and Laronius. With their disappearance the Fasti become less alien a

by no means antique names of Poppaea Sabina and Statilia Messallina. With the end of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, the August

ILS 886 gives the inscription on this monument. PageBook=>512 With that to his credit Plancus could smile at the imp

al loyalties must give way before civic duty and national patriotism. With the Principate, it was not merely Augustus and hi

e, there had been deception enough in the assertion of Republicanism. With monarchy now firmly based in habit and theory as

(cos. 91 B.C.) and his son, or from honest independence like Piso. With the Principate comes a change. For the senator, a