n in A.D. 14 (Pliny, NH 7, 58); on Augustus’ remarks about Galba, cf. Suetonius , Galba 4, I; Dio 64, I, I; note, however, Tacitus

opus aleae tractas et incedis per ignis suppositos cineri doloso. 3 Suetonius , Divm Claudius 41, 2, 4 For the fullest discuss

ünzer, RA, 327. Caesar also had in him the blood of the Marcii Reges ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 6, 1). For the stemma of the Julii,

s Iulius 6, 1). For the stemma of the Julii, P-W x, 183. 4 Pompeia ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 6, 2): the son of Q. Pompeius Rufus

mple, M. Atius Balbus from Aricia, who married Caesar’s sister Julia ( Suetonius , Divus Aug. 4, 1); and Hirrus was married to a da

13 ff. About Gabinius’ origin, nothing is known. But his wife Lollia ( Suetonius , Divus Julius 50, 1) may well be a daughter of Pa

ius togulam illam pictam silentio tuetur suam. ’ 5 Ib. 2, 1, 8. 6 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 19, 1. 7 Julia was betrothed to a

Iulius 19, 1. 7 Julia was betrothed to a certain Servilius Caepio ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 21; Plutarch, Caesar 14; Pompeius 4

s, cf. Dio 36, 24, 3; 37, 2; Asconius 51 (= p. 58 Clark), &c. 4 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 19, 1. On his influence with Pompei

he husband of Caesar’s niece, Atia, governed Macedonia in 60-59 B.C. ( Suetonius , Divus Aug. 3 f.). In Syria L. Marcius Philippus

Ad fam. 4, 3, 1, &c.); L. Aemilius Paullus (cos. 50) was bought ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 29, 1, &c.); and Caesar had con

ius 2, 29, 2; 33, 3. For Caesar’s ambition, Plutarch, Antonius 6 (cf. Suetonius , Divus Iulius 30, 5): ρως ἀπαρƞγóρƞτoς ἀρχ ς ĸαὶ

cum, with a single legion(Appian, BC 2, 32, 126; Plutarch, Caesar 31; Suetonius , Divus Iulius 29, 2). 3 Appian, BC 2, 30, 119.

gnitatem vitaque potiorem’; cf. 1, 7, 7; 8, 3; 3, 91, 2; BG 8, 52, 4; Suetonius , Divus Iulius 33; 72; Cicero, Ad Att. 7, 11, 1: ‘

c ait omnia facere se dignitatis causa. ’ Cf. above, p. 13, n. 2. 3 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 30, 3 (mentioning Cato and Milo).

ambition of the Sullan partisan who had first NotesPage=>050 1 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 30, 4 (reporting Pollio): ‘hoc volu

gt;052 1 Ad fam. 4, 4, 3 (after the pardoning of M. Marcellus). 2 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 84, 2: ‘senatus consultum, quo omni

bus vincienda sunt. ’ Caesar carried moral and sumptuary legislation ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 42 f.): the title of praefectus mor

tus moribus did not make him any more popular (Ad fam. 9, 15, 5). 3 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 77, reporting an unsafe witness, th

reference to honours paid to Augustus). 2 Cicero, Pro Sulla 22. 3 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 79, 2. PageBook=>056 At the

es of the Sullan oligarchy, Catulus (Velleius 2, 43, 3) and Lucullus ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 20, 4). Suetonius (ib. 22, 2) repor

lus (Velleius 2, 43, 3) and Lucullus (Suetonius, Divus Iulius 20, 4). Suetonius (ib. 22, 2) reports a boastful remark in 59 B.C.

phrase ‘satis diu vel naturae vixi vel gloriae’ (Pro Marcello 25, cf. Suetonius , Divus Iulius 86, 2). 6 F. E. Adcock, CAH IX, 7

but also towards clients and dependents. 4 No NotesPage=>057 1 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 86, 2: ‘rem publicam, si quid sibi

Julii, P-W X, 183 f. L. Aurelius Cotta (cos. 65) was still alive (cf. Suetonius , Divus Iulius 79, 4) but not very conspicuous in

r, BC 1, 6, 4. 5 Caesar served under P. Servilius Vatia in Cilicia ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 3) and under C. Antistius Vetus in

Att. 7, 12, 5, &c. He was solicited in 50 B.C., BG 8, 52, 3. 2 Suetonius , Divus Julius 6, 1: ‘nam ab Anco Marcio sunt Marc

Nero (Ad Att. 6, 6, 1). On his service under Caesar Bell. Al. 25, 3; Suetonius , Tib. 4, 1. Dolabella prosecuted Ap. Claudius Pul

s 5, 13, 6): ‘neque clientes sine summa infamia deseri possunt. ’ 2 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 72: ‘si grassatorum et sicariorum o

, 5) and Rufius Festus, Brev. 18, 2. Gellius professes to derive from Suetonius . 4 C. Vibius Pansa Caetronianus (for the full n

ogatus. ’ 3 e.g., N. Magius from Cremona (Caesar, BC 1, 24, 4). 4 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 73. The poet may have owed somethin

itate animi 8, 6: ‘quern non puduit locupletiorem esse Pompeio. ’ 5 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 76, 3. Possibly ‘Rufio’, not ‘Rufin

s of evidence are: Dio 42, 51, 5; 43, 20, 2; 27, 1; 47, 3; 48, 22, 3; Suetonius , Divus Iulius 76, 3 and 80, 2; Cicero, Ad Jam. 6,

XVII (1937), 135, though it is not certain that he was a senator. 2 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 80, 2: Gallos Caesar in triumphum

t;083 1 Horace, Odes 3, 17, 1: ‘Aeli vetusto nobilis ab Lamo. ’ 2 Suetonius , Vitellius 1 f. 3 Plutarch, Cicero 1 4 L. Vis

of name, with numerous examples, ib. 464 ff. (‘theophore Namen’). 5 Suetonius , Divus Vesp. 1 6 Id., Divus Aug. 1. 7 The riv

cal ends and for Rome’s greater power; though NotesPage=>084 1 Suetonius , Tib. I, &c. Some versions of the legend put

aeso’ and ‘Numerius’ among the Fabii. The cognomen ‘Nero’ was Sabine ( Suetonius , Tib. 1, 2); and Inregillensis’, or rather’Regill

er clientelas occupare temptavit’ (probably the despotic censor), cf. Suetonius , Tib. 2, 2. For their intermarriage with a dynast

discovered), cf. P-W, VI A, 1038 ff.; on Trebonius, ib. 2274 ff. 8 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 83, 2. For his connexions, above, p

the recital of the great deeds of Caesar and NotesPage=>098 1 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 84, 2: ‘quibus perpauca a se verba

age=>100 1 See further below, p. 164 2 Cicero, Phil. 2, 28 3 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 19, 1. PageBook=>101 in the

of the Caesarian NotesPage=>112 1 On the family, see above all Suetonius , Divus Aug. 1 ff., presenting authentic facts, ho

albus himself, on the maternal side, was a near relative of Pompeius ( Suetonius , Divus Aug. 4, 1). 4 Cicero, Phil. 3, 15. 5 T

ans; and Caesar drew up his will, naming the heir, on September 13th ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 83, 1). PageBook=>113 factio

he ancient authorities (Appian, BC 3, 31, 120; Plutarch, Antonius 16; Suetonius , Divus Aug. 10, 2; Dio 45, 6, 2f.). PageBook=&g

que enim Caesarem in dissensione civili sum secutus sed amicum. ’ 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 66, 1 (Salvidienus and Gallus only, p

es, attested or conjectural, below, p. 134. 4 Appian, BC 2, 23, 89. Suetonius (Divus Iulius 83, 2) calls them grandnephews of t

1; Ad fam. 14, 14, 2. 2 Münzer, RA, 355 ff.; P-W 11 A, 1798 ff. 3 Suetonius , De rhet. 4. PageBook=>137 levying of a pr

senatu 13; De prov. cons. 9 ff. 2 Phil. 2, 74 f. 3 Ib. 2, 77. 4 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 4 (allegations made by Antonius and b

latum est recens: nam mulas qui fricabat, consul factus est. 10 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 51: urbani, servate uxores, moech

he friendly and humorous letter many years later, Ad fam. 5, 10a. 3 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 73. PageBook=>153 The auctor

it ratio vincendi ut misericordia et liberalitate nos muniamus. ’ 4 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 75, 2. 5 Ad Jam. 10, 35, ι: ‘nam

huc gubernatum, praeclara ipsum indole admirabilique constantia’. 5 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 62, 1 the only evidence, but unimpeac

8 1 ff. 5 Appian, BC 3, 88, 361. 6 Phil. 5, 47, above, p.167. 7 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 26, 1 &c. (a picturesque and supe

pian, BC 3, 92, 382 perhaps not authentic. 2 Ib. 3, 93, 383 ff. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 95. Ch. XIV THE PROSCRIPTIONS Pag

s co-operated 2 Plutarch, Brutus 27. 3 Appian, BC 3, 95, 394. 4 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 27, 4. 5 Appian, BC 3, 94, 387, cf,

t least he was with Sex. Pompeius in 39 B.C. (Velleius 2, 77, 3). 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 62, 1. 4 Unless L. Antonius governe

y, if not enrichment, to the Caesarian party. NotesPage=>191 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 27, 1: ‘restitit quidem aliquamdiu co

4 Dio 47, 15, 4: ὥστϵ χρνσὸν τὴν το Kαίσαρος μοναρχίαν ϕαν ναι. 5 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 35, 1; Dio 52, 42, 1. 6 Dio 48, 34,

ωκϵ· κἂν μὴ ν ν ἡττηθ μϵτ’ κϵίνου, μικρὸν ὒστϵρον κϵίνῳ μαχϵ ται. 5 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 13, 2 (M. Favonius, the loyal Catonia

Arae Perusinae’). 4 Dio 48, 13, 6. The incident is wrongly dated by Suetonius , Divus Aug. 12. 5 Velleius 2, 76, 2; Appian, BC

n collusion, forcing on a war to facilitate and excuse confiscations ( Suetonius , Divus Aug. 15). 5 So E. Groag, Klio xiv (1914)

aesarem videret et rem publicam. ’ Cf. Livy, Per. 127; Dio 48, 33, 3; Suetonius , Divus Aug. 66, 2; Appian, BC 5, 66, 278 f. Coins

every sense of the term. Nero had already left Pompeius for Antonius ( Suetonius , Tib. 4, 3). 2 Official phraseology, cf. Vellei

took another husband has not been recorded. 7 NotesPage=>229 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 62, 2: ‘cum hac quoque divortium feci

morum perversitatem eius. ’ 2 P-W XIII, 881 ff. 3 Velleius 2, 75; Suetonius , Tib. 4. 4 The Calendar of Verulae gives the da

am. 12, 2, 2. 7 The problem of Scribonia’s husbands, intensified by Suetonius when he describes her as ‘nuptam ante duobus cons

s misfortunes gave Antonius sufficient matter for ridicule (quoted in Suetonius , Divus Aug. 16). PageBook=>232 generals of

was not an admiral: but he was in the company of Octavianus in 36 B.C( Suetonius , Divus Aug. 16, 3). 7 Pulcher was an Antonian i

or the buildings of the viri tnumphales, the most important texts are Suetonius , Divus Aug. 29, 5; Tacitus, Ann. 3, 72. The compl

been composed in the years 55–47 B.C. It was dedicated to Caesar. 2 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 44, 2. 3 RR 1, 1, 1: ‘annus octog

ing to the behaviour of the veteran armies. 4 NotesPage=>250 1 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 53; 81, 2. 2 Sallust, BC 5 3, 5 f

n of Pompeius, defended his dead patron by bitter personal invective ( Suetonius , De gram. 15). 4 Vita Eumenis 8, 3: ‘quod si qu

m orsus, nonnisi ab honestissimo quoque scribi solitam ad id tempus’ ( Suetonius , De rhet. 3). 2 Suetonius, De gram. 11. 3 Cat

simo quoque scribi solitam ad id tempus’ (Suetonius, De rhet. 3). 2 Suetonius , De gram. 11. 3 Catullus came from Verona. That

NotesPage=>255 1 Dio 49, 15, 1. 2 Appian, BC 5, 132, 547, cf. Suetonius , Divus Aug. 32, 1. 3 Dio 49, 43, 5. 4 Ib. 49,

1 For the details, K. Scott, Mem. Am. Ac. Rome XI (1933), 7 ff. 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 69: ‘quid te mutavit, quod reginam in

lumen evomuit. ’ Cf. M. P. Charlesworth, CQ XXVII (1933), 172 if. 4 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 52, 2. 5 Pliny, NH 33, 50 an alle

loyalty to Antonius nor rapid desertion were NotesPage=>281 1 Suetonius , Nero 4 (a clash between Ahenobarbus’ son and Pla

f Italy offered public vows for his safety. 6 NotesPage=>285 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 17, 2; Dio 50, 6, 3. Bononia was in t

did, Dio 51, 4, 6. 3 Of one of the Claudii, presumably the Censor, Suetonius (Tib. 2, 2) records‘ Italiam per clientelas occup

Divi Augusti (Paris, 1935), 175). 2 Nicolaus, Vita Caesaris 22, 80; Suetonius , Divus Iulius 84, 2 and 86, 1; Appian, BC 2, 144,

ompeius. 3 Plutarch, Antonius 63; Dio 50, 13, 6; Velleius 2, 84, 2; Suetonius , Nero 3, 2. He died shortly afterwards. 4 Pluta

ì ταύτην τε τῷ Aὐγʋύστῳ δʋθῆναι καì ἑαυτʋύϛ βʋυθυτῆσαι ἐψηφίσατʋ. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 66, 2: ‘ob ingratum et malivolum anim

of amicitia evades conjecture :1 it was hardly trivial or verbal, for Suetonius ranks his fall with that of Salvidienus. Octavian

ificed to conciliate the feelings of a powerful body of senators. 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 66, 2. 3 A woman called ‘Licinia P.

ded Rome ‘augusto augurio’ (Ennius, quoted by Varro, RR 3, 1, 2). 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 7, 2. 3 Dio’s account is anachronis

όλεωζ ἐπικληθείζ; cf. Plutarch, Pompeius 55; Tacitus, Ann. 3, 28. 5 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 42, 1: ‘ut salubrem magis quam ambiti

αινʋτoμʋυμένων, κἂν βελτίω εἶναι δʋκῇ, ἐστίν. 2 An edict, quoted by Suetonius (Divus Aug. 28, 2): ‘ita mihi salvam ac sospitem

antiquarian ring. That is all; and that is enough to show them up. Suetonius , however, a student of antiquities, was a scholar

25, 3) and Strabo (p. 205), and the Licinius Murena of Dio 54, 3, 3. Suetonius calls him ‘Varro Murena’ (Divus Aug. 19, 1; Tib.

ovinzialverwaltung der Triumvirn, Diss. Strassburg (1892), 56 ff. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 47, 1: ‘provincias validiores et quas

). Note also a proconsul, L. Piso, sitting in justice at Mediolanium ( Suetonius , De rhet. 6): presumably the consul of 15 B.C. Th

wing them to hold magistracies at an early age. 2 PageNote. 340 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 79, 2. 2 Tiberius was permitted in

ied the military and peasant virtues of old Rome. PageNote. 341 1 Suetonius , Dims Aug. 79, 2. 2 Tiberius was permitted in 2

’ On Bathyllus, Tacitus, Ann. 1, 54 &c. 2 Pliny, NH 8, 170. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 66, 3. 4 Seneca, Epp. 114, 6; Dial.

ndal about Terentia in 16 B.C., Dio 54, 19, 3. 6 Velleius 2, 93, 2; Suetonius , Divus Aug. 66, 3; Tib. 10. 7 Pliny, NH 7, 149:

ique, sed uni, scientissimus, aliis sane imperandi cupidus. ’ Compare Suetonius , Divus Aug. 66, 3, on his short temper. 2 Velle

ippa’s ‘praegrave servitium’ cf. Tiberius’ view about the Principate, Suetonius , Tib. 24, 2: ‘miseram et onerosam iniungi sibi se

rded as the deputy-leader of the Caesarian party. PageNote. 345 1 Suetonius , Caligula 23: ‘Ulixem stolatum. ’ 2 Aen. 1, 292

i nec furiosi nec malis domesticis impediti. ’ 2 Above, p. 284. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 41, 1. PageBook=>352 The Roman

in charge of regiments of native auxiliaries. NotesPage=>353 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 49, 1. 2 Ib. 25, 1. 3 Ib. 56, 4.

d (1927), 136 ff. 2 For example, ILS 2654 and 2656 (not early). 3 Suetonius , Divus Vesp. 1. 4 ILS 9200 (C. Velius Rufus).

. mil. pro legato’ (ILS 2678); and the inscr. quoted above, n. 3. 6 Suetonius , Vitellius 2, 2; ILS 1335 (Magius). The dedicatio

rth (the latus clavus) and a certain fortune. NotesPage=>358 1 Suetonius , Cal. 23, 2 (Aufidius Lurco or rather, Alfidius:

rces, subsequently raising it to1,000,000 (Dio 54, 17, 3, cf. 30, 2): Suetonius , Divus Aug. 41, 1 gives 1,200,000. 2 Dio 54, 30

nius, Divus Aug. 41, 1 gives 1,200,000. 2 Dio 54, 30, 2; 56, 27, 1; Suetonius , Divus Aug. 40, 1; cf. ILS 916. 3 ILS 212, col.

’: CIL IX, 349 and 397. ‘Libuscidius’: ib., 338, 348, 387, 6186). 4 Suetonius , Otho 1, 1: ‘Oppido Ferento, familia vetere et ho

Etruriae. ’ For an earlier member of it, CIL 12, 2511 (67 B.C.). 5 Suetonius , Vitellius 2, 2. 6 Suetonius, Divus Vesp. 1, 3.

ber of it, CIL 12, 2511 (67 B.C.). 5 Suetonius, Vitellius 2, 2. 6 Suetonius , Divus Vesp. 1, 3. PageBook=>362 Others al

tors to say nothing of the Kings of Rome. 4 NotesPage=>364 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 46. Perhaps the tribuni militum a pop

populo mentioned on certain inscriptions, e.g. ILS 2677 (Verona). 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 46. 3 Velleius 2, 128, 1: ‘neque no

∈ γ∈νναιoτάτους καì το ς ἀρίστους τούς τ∈ πλουσιωτάτους (ib. §4). 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 60: ‘ac saepe regnis relictis non Rom

isans had already been promoted and rewarded. NotesPage=>366 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 48: ‘nec aliter universos quam membra

e=>370 1 Dio 54, 14, 1. 2 lb. 53, 28, 4; 54, 30, 2; 56, 27, 1; Suetonius , Divus Aug. 40, 1. 3 For the manner of imperial

Compare Caesar’s practice, for all magistracies except the consulate ( Suetonius , Divus Iulius 41, 1). 2 Velleius 2, 92, 2: ‘cum

ulate in 67 B.C. (Val. Max. 3, 8, 3) and in 65 (Ad Att. 1, 1, 1). 4 Suetonius , Divus Iulius 24, 1. 5 Compare Tiberius’ practi

of 33 B.C. Augustus disapproved of his assiduities towards Julia, cf. Suetonius , Divus Aug. 64, 2. 4 P. Vinicius (cos. suff. A.

lii. NotesPage=>376 1 Dio 54, 20, 3; L’ann. ép., 1936, 18. 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 71, 2. 3 Compare esp. the remarks o

nt Latium. Compare the name of Livia Medullina, daughter of Camillus ( Suetonius , Divus Claudius 26, 1; ILS 199). There was even a

ius, Divus Claudius 26, 1; ILS 199). There was even a Mummia Achaica ( Suetonius , Galba 3, 4), the first wife of C. Sulpicius Galb

1454-6; and the father of C. Sulpicius Galba (cos. suff. 5 B.C.), cf. Suetonius , Galba 3. PageBook=>378 Of the use of the

Roman Empire (1926), 573 f. 3 Ad Att. 7, 7, 6. 4 Ib. 5, 1, 2. 5 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 72, 1. 6 Velleius 2, 14, 3. 7 Dio

es of A. Alföldi, RM XLIX (1934), 1 ff.; L(1935), 1 ff. 4 For Otho, Suetonius , Otho 1, 1. The influence of Urgulania with Livia

d in the marriage of her granddaughter to Claudius the son of Drusus ( Suetonius , Divus Claudius 26, 2). 1 Suetonius, Galba 5, 2

to Claudius the son of Drusus (Suetonius, Divus Claudius 26, 2). 1 Suetonius , Galba 5, 2. Galba’s father had married a second

d the matrimonial solicitations of Agrippina, the mother of Nero. 2 Suetonius , Divus Vesp. 3. PageBook=>386 The assidu

ents in the East, cf. above all J. G. C. Anderson, CAH X, 239 ff. 4 Suetonius , Tib. 9, 1; Dio 54, 9, 4 f.; Velleius 2, 94, 4 &a

e at need the proconsul of Macedonia? 4 Dio 54, 31, 2 ff., &c.; Suetonius , Tib. 9, 2; Velleius 2, 96, 2 f.; and, of especia

um magna gloria in exercitu fuerat. ’ 5 For example, ILS 911 f. Cf. Suetonius , Divus Aug. 38. 6 Suetonius, Divus Aug. 38, 2.

erat. ’ 5 For example, ILS 911 f. Cf. Suetonius, Divus Aug. 38. 6 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 38, 2. 7 At this time, they are oft

, 241. 6 Orosius (6, 21, 22), who assigns to him an Alpine war, and Suetonius (De rhet. 6), describing a case tried before him

and Lepidus resigned before the year was out. NotesPage=>402 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 37. 2 Ib. 29, 5. 3 Res Gestae 20;

34 ff.). On consulars, each put in charge of appeals from a province, Suetonius , Divus Aug. 33, 3. For a committee of consulars o

date, cf. PIR2 C 289. No praefectus urbi is mentioned in A.D. 14. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 28, 3; Dio 56, 30, 3 f. (not in the m

riumphalia instead of a triumph began towards 12 B.C. (Dio 54, 24, 8; Suetonius , Tib. 9, 2). 7 Suetonius, Divus Claudius 25, 1.

umph began towards 12 B.C. (Dio 54, 24, 8; Suetonius, Tib. 9, 2). 7 Suetonius , Divus Claudius 25, 1. PageBook=>405 For t

ve senators and legal experts. NotesPage=>408 1 Dio 53, 21, 4; Suetonius , Divus Aug. 35, 3; cf. Cyrene Edicts v, 1. 87, fo

ipum civitatis depoposcerat velut consiliarios in negotiis publicis’ ( Suetonius , Tib. 55). 4 Dio 53, 21, 5. PageBook=>409

f. 8 The freedman Polybius, who wrote out a part of Augustus’ will ( Suetonius , Divus Aug. 101, 1) is perhaps the person who tur

7. His son was at once appointed to be his colleague, ib. 1, 24. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 58, 2. 4 That is, if the magister f

1, 9 (apparently indicating the period 16–13 B.C., but inaccurately). Suetonius and Tacitus know nothing of this ‘conspiracy’. Th

hening the resources of the Claudian faction. NotesPage=>416 1 Suetonius , Tib. 7, 2 f. 2 Tacitus, Ann. 1, 53; Dio 55, 9,

is’. That was the reason which Tiberius himself gave at a later date ( Suetonius , Tib. 10, 2). 3 Tacitus, Ann. 3, 56: ‘sic cohib

as written later, of course, on Augustus’ own birthday in A.D. I. 3 Suetonius , Tib. 14, 4, cf. Tacitus, Ann. 6, 21. 4 The nar

, Ex Ponto 1, 2, 138; Fasti 6, 801 ff. 3 OGIS 458. 4 ILS 935. 5 Suetonius , Nero 4. PageBook=>422 There was more in h

cos. 15 B.C. Livia Ocellina, stepmother of Galba, the future emperor ( Suetonius , Galba 4, 1), was a distant relative. Likewise Li

tant relative. Likewise Livia Medullina, who died on her wedding day ( Suetonius , Divus Claudius 26, 1). Cf. also below, p. 425.

e sister of Sex. Pompeius were preserved as heirlooms or curiosities ( Suetonius , Tib. 6, 3). 6 Cn. Piso, consul with Tiberius i

Iullus Antonius, cf. E. Groag, Wiener Studien XLI (1919), 84 ff. 3 Suetonius , Tib. 11, 4. PageBook=>428 The position of

cred claims of fides, remembered the affront. NotesPage=>428 1 Suetonius , Tib. 12 f.; Velleius 2, 101 f.; Dio 55, 10, 17 f

x, 273 ff. 2 Velleius 2, 101, 3; Tacitus, Ann. 4, 1 (Seianus). 3 Suetonius , Tib. 13, 1. 4 lb. His father had been active i

ve in Narbonensis for Caesar (ib. 4, 1). 5 Tacitus, Ann. 2, 42, cf. Suetonius , Tib. 8. PageBook=>429 In the meantime Gai

ngdom, was isolated on all sides. 6 NotesPage=>431 1 Quoted by Suetonius (Tib. 23): ‘quoniam atrox fortuna Gaium et Lucium

Agrippa is described as brutal and vicious. 5 NotesPage=>432 1 Suetonius , Tib. 16, 1; cf. Tiberius’ remarks (Tacitus, Ann.

whole affair is highly obscure. The conspiracy and death of Paullus ( Suetonius , Divus Aug. 19, 1) is undated. The scholiast on J

s the ambition only: L. Arruntius had both. 4 NotesPage=>433 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 23, 2: ‘Quintili Vare, legiones redde

Aug. 23, 2: ‘Quintili Vare, legiones redde! ’ 2 Velleius 2, 121, 3; Suetonius , Tib. 21, 1. 3 Tacitus, Ann. 1, 5. Quite incred

stos, ebrius ex quo semel factus est, fuit. ’ On his habits, cf. also Suetonius , Tib. 42, 1. 5 Tacitus, Ann. 6, 10 (A.D. 32).

rtium praefectus, hic annonae; mox senatus milesque et populus. ’ 4 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 101, on which E. Hohl, Klio xxx (1937

ibento, mores populi regunto, probrum in senatu ne relinquonto. ’ 5 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 89, 2; Livy, Per. 59. 6 Propertius

L. R. Taylor, JRS XIV (1924), 158 ff.; H. M. Last, CAH x, 461 ff. 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 46. Cf. above, p. 364. 3 Tacitus, A

ght the vineyard from Remmius (on which unsavoury character, cf. also Suetonius , De gramm. 23). 2 Odes 3, 2, 1 ff. 3 Suetoniu

haracter, cf. also Suetonius, De gramm. 23). 2 Odes 3, 2, 1 ff. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 41, 1. 4 Odes 3, 24, 9. PageBook=

egarded as small capitalists than as peasants. 4 PageNotes. 450 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 31, 5: ‘proximum a dis immortalibus h

ervant of whom Augustus might well have dreamed. PageNotes. 455 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 90 ff. His protecting deity Apollo ha

r turns, 171 ff. 3 Aen. 1, 282, quoted on one occasion by Augustus ( Suetonius , Divus Aug. 40, 5). 4 Cf. the remarks of A. D.

e is the cumulative effect of Velleius 2, 130, 2; Tacitus, Ann. 4, 4; Suetonius , Tib. 48, 2. PageBook=>457 The material wa

r called M. Lollius, IGRR III, 1476 (Iconium). 5 Dio 54, 11, 3. 6 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 24, 1; cf. Pliny, NH 7, 149; ‘iuventu

Pliny, NH 7, 149; ‘iuventutis penuria’. The soldiers were apathetic ( Suetonius , Tib. 21, 5, where Augustus’ words are quoted: ‘i

otes. 458 1 Velleius 2, 110, 7; Dio 55, 31, 1; Macrobius 1, 11, 32; Suetonius , Divus Aug. 25, 2 Epodes 4, 6. 3 Ovid, Fasti

e, even though authenticity be denied, are far from contemptible. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 89, 3: ‘recitantes et benigne et pati

tes. 465 1 Ad fam. 12, 5, 2. 2 Plutarch, Comp. Dionis et Bruti 5; Suetonius , De rhet. 6. 3 The writer here wishes to acknow

R. Vindex, Civibus Servateis or Signis Receptis. PageNotes. 469 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 42, 1. 2 Ib., 57, 1; ILS 92 f. and

. 5 Gellius 10, 2, 2. 6 Pliny, NH 7, 158. This was in A.D. 9. 7 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 43, 4. 8 Res Gestae 10. 9 Cf. M.

2 Aen. 6, 403. 3 Dio 55, 10, 2 ff. (2 B.C.); Res Gestae 21 and 29; Suetonius , Divus Aug. 29, 1 f. PageBook=>471 Around

ar’s grandnephew in the company of the Dictator. PageNotes. 471 1 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 94 ff. 2 Phil. 5, 43. PageBook=&g

ν Σεβαστòν κτλ . Compare the inscr. from Halicarnassus (IBM 994). 5 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 60. 6 Josephus, AJ 15, 268 ff. 7

4 B.C. (Josephus, AJ 17, 287). 2 Plutarch, Comp. Dionis et Bruti 5; Suetonius , De rhet. 6. 3 Suetonius, Divus Aug. 51, 2. 4

7). 2 Plutarch, Comp. Dionis et Bruti 5; Suetonius, De rhet. 6. 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 51, 2. 4 Cassius of Patavium, Sueto

De rhet. 6. 3 Suetonius, Divus Aug. 51, 2. 4 Cassius of Patavium, Suetonius , Divus Aug. 51, 1; Plautius Rufus (ib. 19, 1, cf.

rinceps? 3 PageNotes. 479 1 Tacitus, Ann. 1, 10. 2 According to Suetonius (Divus Aug. 19, 1) they were usually discovered b

eNotes. 480 1 On his appearance and habits, see the full details in Suetonius , Divus Aug. 79 ff. 2 Sallust, Hist. 2, 16 M: ‘O

3 Seneca, Controv. 2, 4, 13: ‘caput potius quam dictum perdere 4 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 51, 3: ‘satis est enim si hoc habemus

strictum eius et asperum et nimis iratum ingenio suo iudicium. ’ 4 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 43, 2. 5 Dio 54, 15, 7. 6 Ib. 8 b

celebratior, Capitonis obsequium dominantibus magis probabatur. ’ 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 56, 3; Quintilian 10, 1, 22. 3 Dio

onius, Divus Aug. 56, 3; Quintilian 10, 1, 22. 3 Dio 54, 30, 4. 4 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 56, 4. 5 Seneca, Controv. 4, praef.

2 Plutarch, Antonius 59; Strabo, p. 523. 3 Pliny, NH 7, 148. 4 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 86, 1: ‘genus eloquendi secutus est e

exponents were bitter enemies of the government. PageNotes. 487 1 Suetonius , Vitellius 2, 1. 2 Seneca, Controv. 2, 4, 11: ‘

me nostri aevi eminent princeps carminum Vergilius Rabiriusque. ’ 2 Suetonius , Caligula 16, 1. 3 Ib. 34, 2. Ch. XXXI THE DO

ed with Lentulus Gaetulicus against Caligula and executed in A.D. 39 ( Suetonius , Cal. 24, 3). According to Dio (59, 22, 6 f.), Ca

with one of her brothers (Ann. 12, 4); for the date of her death, cf. Suetonius , Divus Vesp. 23, 4. PageBook=>496 Such was

For examples of his adulation, cf, the scholia on Juvenal 4, 81. 2 Suetonius , Vitellius 3, 1. 3 Seneca, NQ 4, praef. 5: ‘Pla

or ambition spurred Galba to empire and to ruin. PageNotes. 503 1 Suetonius , Galba 6, 2 f. 2 For Paullinus and Avitus, see

. A. Stein, PIR2, C 813). 2 Macrobius 2, 4, 18 (above, p. 320). 3 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 85, 1. PageBook=>507 The argum

tesPage=>510 1 Seneca, De ben. 4, 30, 1 ff. (above, p. 374). 2 Suetonius , Nero 4. Velleius, however (2, 72, 3), describes

cribes him as ‘eminentissimae ac nobilissimae simplicitatis vir’. 3 Suetonius , Nero 5, 1: ‘omni parte vitae detestabilem. ’ Com

Mummia Achaica and then to the beautiful and wealthy Livia Ocellina ( Suetonius , Galba 3, 4); his son, in favour with his stepmot

83, 1. Plancus’ memory was unpopular. The Domitii kept up their feud ( Suetonius , Nero 4); and Plancina his granddaughter, wife of

uoted by Gellius 15, 7, 3; Velleius 2, 91, 2. On the Optimus status’, Suetonius , Divus Aug. 28, 2; Seneca, De ben. 2, 20, 2. 2

f. A. v. Premerstein, Vom Werden u. Wesen des Prinzipats, 127 ff. 8 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 98, 2: ‘per ilium se vivere, per iliu

ate and more arduous. NotesPage=>521 1 Tacitus, Ann. 1, 9. 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 28, 2. PageBook=>522 The last

s, iuventutis penuria, pestilentia urbis, fames Italiae,’ &c. 2 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 99, 1: ‘ecquid iis videretur mimum vi

, Klio 11 (1902), 141 ff. and elsewhere; cf. now P-W XVI, 217 FF. 6 Suetonius , Divus Aug. 101, cf. E. Hohl, Klio xxx (1937), 32

m, 57, 247, 321, 461, 519. Suessa Aurunca, 30. PageBook=>564 Suetonius , on the Restoration of the Republic, 324. Sulla,