ame family. 3 So Cicero described him (Pliny, NH 7, 135) and so did Plancus (Ad fam. 10, 183). Really an army contractor (Gel

counterbalance to D. Brutus. 2 They were in the charge of Caesarians: Plancus took Gallia Comata, while Lepidus had already gon

precarious support of Lepidus his ally, from the even less dependable Plancus and from the pessimistic Pollio. When Brutus ente

t? ’ 6 Ib. 11, 12; 13, 27. 7 Pro Balbo 51. 8 Ad fam. 10, 18, 3 ( Plancus ); Pliny, NH7, 135 (Cicero). 9 Gellius (15, 4, 3

ttered the exemplary prayer that private feuds should be abandoned. 4 Plancus had assured Cicero that no personal grounds of en

revent him from allying with his bitterest enemy to save the State. 5 Plancus soon followed the unimpeachable example of the pa

. 7 It would be necessary to ‘bring them to their right minds again’. Plancus was an adept. Years before in Caesar’s Civil War

Antonius: they had no mind to risk their lives for intriguers such as Plancus or Lepidus, still less for liberty and the consti

e Republican and Pompeian cause. In the provinces of the West stood Plancus , Lepidus and Pollio, Caesarian partisans all thre

the years of the Revolution, Lepidus consigned to exile and ignominy, Plancus a servant of the new order, honoured and despised

of Cicero perhaps he indulged in mild parody of that smooth exemplar. Plancus , who had served as Caesar’s legate in the Gallic

ety carried him through well-timed treacheries to a peaceful old age. Plancus wrote dispatches and letters protesting love of p

protesting love of peace and loyalty to the Republic who did not? But Plancus , it is clear, was coolly waiting upon events. He

s could afford to wait. A stronger character than either Lepidus or Plancus was C. Asinius Pollio in Hispania Ulterior, but h

elcome in political negotiations where the diplomacy of a Cicero or a Plancus would have excited rational distrust among friend

s therefore wrecked. On March 20th came dispatches from Lepidus and Plancus , acting in concert with each other and presumably

good offices of those patriotic and high-minded citizens Lepidus and Plancus , but spurning all thought of negotiation so long

d by him, and reiterated his resolve to keep faith with Lepidus, with Plancus and with Dolabella. 3 Cicero could not resist the

ng, in a tone of pained surprise and earnest exhortation, he wrote to Plancus . 4 To Lepidus he was abrupt and overbearing ‘in m

he west, making for Gallia Narbonensis and the support of Lepidus and Plancus , assured to him a month earlier, but now highly d

s on the run. All that remained was to hound him down. If Lepidus and Plancus held firm in the West, the combined armies of the

, it was likely that Antonius would regain the support of Lepidus and Plancus . Antonius and the Liberators might even combine a

epidus carried out their peaceful coup. They had now to reckon with Plancus . In April the governor of Gallia Comata mustered

within forty miles of the latter’s camp. Lepidus encouraged him. But Plancus feared a trap he knew his Lepidus; 3 and Laterens

ted for D. Brutus to come over the pass of the Little St. Bernard. If Plancus had by now resolved to join Antonius, his design

by petulant missives from Cicero, Brutus trudged onwards. He reached Plancus towards the end of June. Their combined forces am

ns, imposing in name alone. Four were veteran, the rest raw recruits. Plancus knew what recruits were worth. 4 A lull followe

nd propaganda to dissolve the forces of his adversaries. On July 28th Plancus composed his last NotesPage=>165 1 Appian,

s bound by his personal friendship to Antonius; and he now reconciled Plancus and Antonius. So Plancus joined the company of th

’ as he had so recently termed them. The unfortunate Brutus, duped by Plancus and betrayed by his troops, fled northwards, hopi

an be said. Pollio, the would-be neutral, the cautious and diplomatic Plancus , even the perfidious and despised Lepidus may yet

nce; and in early April, after a quarrel over a vote complimentary to Plancus , he described Servilius as ‘homo furiosus’. 6 I

mself, however, was to have a second consulate in the next year, with Plancus as his colleague. For 41 B.C. were designated P.

y of Tibur:3 the proscription of a Coponius may fairly be put down to Plancus . 4 A brother and a nephew of Plancus were also on

ponius may fairly be put down to Plancus. 4 A brother and a nephew of Plancus were also on the lists. 5 Pollio’s rivals among t

). 4 Appian, BC 4, 40, 170: for later enmity of that family towards Plancus , cf. Velleius 2, 83, 3. below, p. 283. 5 His br

oscribed and killed (Pliny, NH 13, 25). M. Titius, however, nephew of Plancus , made his escape (Dio 48, 30, 5) and later rose t

io 48, 30, 5) and later rose to resplendent fortune in the company of Plancus . 6 Urbinius Panapio (Val. Max. 6, 8, 6) may hav

e, T. Sextius and Q. Fufius Calenus soon disappear. Only Antonius and Plancus remain. The Dictator’s provincial governors and c

ssius now took counsel for war. Even when Antonius joined Lepidus and Plancus , Brutus may not have abandoned all hope of an acc

6 Nor did help come from the south in time or in adequate strength. Plancus , another of Antonius’ men, occupied with establis

an Ti. Claudius Nero raised the standard of revolution in Campania. 8 Plancus marched northwards and took up a waiting position

e defenders, Ventidius and Pollio resolved to attempt a junction with Plancus and relieve Perusia. Marching across the Apennine

he besieged. Ventidius and Pollio were ready to fight. The caution of Plancus was too strong for them. 5 There was no mutual

counsels of the Antonian generals. The soldierly Ventidius knew that Plancus had called him a muleteer and a brigand; and Poll

hat Plancus had called him a muleteer and a brigand; and Pollio hated Plancus . But there was a more potent factor than the doub

fight for L. Antonius and the propertied classes of Italy. Pollio, Plancus and Ventidius separated and retired, leaving Peru

hing fine. 4 The generals of Antonius dispersed. Along with Fulvia, Plancus fled to Greece, deserting his army. Ventidius and

ad collapsed, two consulars, the soldier Ventidius and the diplomatic Plancus , and one consul for the illustrious year of Polli

us gathered forces and sailed for Greece. At Athens he met Fulvia and Plancus . He heard the reproaches of the one and the excus

in strength, was descried bearing down upon them. Antonius drove on: Plancus was afraid. Ahenobarbus struck his flag and joine

ad been dispatched to Bithynia to facilitate the Caesarian compact. 2 Plancus soon followed as governor of the province of Asia

prominent and most able members of that party, the consulars Pollio, Plancus and Ventidius. Not to mention Ahenobarbus, himsel

to Jerusalem. Most of the client kings were disloyal or incompetent. Plancus the proconsul fled for refuge to an Aegean island

eath, either on his own initiative or at the instigation of his uncle Plancus , the governor of Syria. 2 The Roman People never

ugh on either side. The most prominent of them, Pollio, Ventidius and Plancus , were with Antonius. Octavianus had two and two o

n that account from a military despotism. Among the earliest consuls, Plancus and Pollio made their way as commanders of armies

an partisans Antonius took with him Titius, Ahenobarbus and others. 1 Plancus , the uncle of Titius, may have seen service in th

e years 40–32 B.C., Ganter gives, for Syria, Saxa, Ventidius, Sosius, Plancus and Bibulus; Asia, Plancus (39–37) and Furnius (3

gives, for Syria, Saxa, Ventidius, Sosius, Plancus and Bibulus; Asia, Plancus (39–37) and Furnius (36–35); Macedonia, L. Marciu

d probably be added, as proconsuls of Asia, M. Cocceius Nerva between Plancus and Furnius. or perhaps before Plancus (cf. ILS 8

sia, M. Cocceius Nerva between Plancus and Furnius. or perhaps before Plancus (cf. ILS 8780: Lagina in Caria); and after Furniu

ius, however, may not have left Italy after the Pact of Brundisium. Plancus remained, high in office and in favour, perhaps a

t an ally and protégé of Cicero, a partisan of Caesar and a legate of Plancus in Gaul. 5 Other diplomats were Q. Dellius, who d

ndence and seal-ring of Antonius in 35 B.C. (Appian, BC 5, 144, 599). Plancus had a certain following, for example, M. Titius a

va, perhaps one of the Cocceii, was an intimate, perhaps a legate, of Plancus in 43 B.C. (Ad fam. 10, 18, 1). 4 ILS 891 (Mile

and was averse from war. Yet it was not Ahenobarbus who ran away, but Plancus . Accompanied by his nephew Titius, he deserted an

us. Accompanied by his nephew Titius, he deserted and fled to Rome. 4 Plancus had never yet been wrong in his estimate of a del

n like Sosius and Canidius. No names are recorded in the company of Plancus and Titius. Neither sustained loyalty to Antonius

e=>281 1 Suetonius, Nero 4 (a clash between Ahenobarbus’ son and Plancus in 22 B.C.). 2 Velleius 2, 84, 2. The city of D

τῇ Kλεʋoάτρᾳ τι άχθεσθέντεϛ (50, 3,2). Velleius, no safe guide about Plancus at any time, alleges that this corrupt character,

bligation, may have departed in the company, or after the example, of Plancus . Complete silence envelops the discreet Cocceii

would not last for ever in the face of evidence like the defection of Plancus and Titius. Well primed with the secrets of Ant

usual independence had openly derided the revelations of the renegade Plancus . 2 None the less the will was held genuine, and

table family of Tibur (Cicero, Pro Balbo 53; ILS 3700) and hostile to Plancus . 3 If Dio is to be believed (50, 4, 2). The pub

Octavianus and his friends in the Caesarian party, old and new, about Plancus , or about Agrippa. It is to be regretted that no

hily in a small boat: Antonius dispatched his belongings after him. 3 Plancus and Titius had departed on a political calculatio

any who deal in that commodity. No ruler could have faith in men like Plancus and Titius. Ahenobarbus the Republican leader was

political activity of Cicero in the last year of his life. The smooth Plancus no doubt acquiesced, adding his voice to the chor

nt against Cicero’s character and Cicero’s style; and Pollio detested Plancus . That much more than the memory and the oratory

appointment of a pair of censors, the first for many years. They were Plancus and Paullus Aemilius Lepidus, colleagues who prov

red and which he was himself compelled to undertake four years later. Plancus and Lepidus resigned before the year was out. N

guide the opinion of the Senate, in show spontaneous and independent. Plancus proposed that the Senate should confer the name o

eloquent Messalla may have played his part along with the diplomatic Plancus . It was Messalla who twenty-five years later intr

r and C. Norbanus Flaccus founded noble families; 1 and the diplomats Plancus and Pollio, tenacious of life themselves, each pr

eserved to succeed. Vitellius was the most versatile politician since Plancus . 3 One of his sons married Junia Calvina, of the

al 4, 81. 2 Suetonius, Vitellius 3, 1. 3 Seneca, NQ 4, praef. 5: ‘ Plancus , artifex ante Vitellium maximus. ’ Passienus is m

sperity as in adversity. 5 Dellius’ troubles were over. When inciting Plancus to take comfort from wine, Horace contemplates th

s to take comfort from wine, Horace contemplates the possibility that Plancus may go to the wars again. 6 No chance of that: in

iption on this monument. PageBook=>512 With that to his credit Plancus could smile at the impotent envy of his detractor

le. More reputable and more independent characters than Dellius and Plancus were Messalla and Pollio, the consular patrons of

f Actium; he retained his ‘ferocia’ under the New State. Pollio hated Plancus and composed a memoir to be published after Planc

nt attitude of Velleius. 2 Dio 53, 27, 5. 3 Pliny, NH, praef. 31. Plancus made a fine comment ‘cum mortuis non nisi larvas

. Carrinas C. f. 42 M. Aemilius M. f. Lepidus II: L. Munatius L. f. Plancus 41 L. Antonius M. f.: P. Servilius P. f. Vatia

C. f. Varro 13 C. Silius P. f. A. Caecina Largus: L. Munatius L. f. Plancus 14 Sex. Pompeius Sex. f.: Sex. Appuleius Sex. f

, 512.; His character, 5 f.; dislikes Cicero, 166, 318, 483; dislikes Plancus , 318, 512; as a diplomat, 165, 180, 217, 245; as

93. Coponius, procurator of Judaea, 357, 476. Coponius, C, enemy of Plancus , 283, 379. Coptos, list of soldiers at, 457. Co

, 495; their interest in Gallia Transalpina, 44, 75, 79 f.; feud with Plancus , 281. Domitiopolis, in Cilicia, 281. PageBook

6, 8; Agrippa, 344; Lollius, 392; Fabius Maximus, 511; Dellius, 511; Plancus , 511; the Ars poetica, 460, 461; his patrons, 460

of L. Munatius Plancus, 512. Plancius, Cn., defended by Cicero, 89. Plancus , see Munatius. Plautii, 85, 399, 422. Plautius,