life until restored by the Dictator. 1 Two of the three, Gabinius and Messalla , received military commands in the Civil War. Amo

namely Cn. Domitius Calvinus, and he was no better than his colleague Messalla or his illustrious predecessors, for all four had

Asia and Syria; 7 and from Italy there came sympathizers, among them M. Valerius Messalla , a noble youth of talent and distinction. 8 Three

ad fled to the island of Thasos, among them L. Calpurnius Bibulus and M. Valerius Messalla . 6 After negotiation they made an honourable capi

and M. Valerius Messalla Corvinus (cos. 31). The gifted and eloquent Messalla , ‘fulgentissimus iuvenis’, fought for liberty at

A dedication to Taurus comes from Volceii in Lucania (ILS 893 a). 5 Messalla may have come with ships from Antonius as did Bib

tavianus’ kinsman Q. Pedius (cos. suff. 43) belonged to the family of Messalla (ib. 35, 21). 6 Lepidus was not an admiral: but

ulate at the beginning of 35 B.C.; the upstart Laronius and the noble Messalla had to wait for some years not many. High pries

eady been crammed full with the partisans of the Triumvirs. No matter Messalla was created an augur extraordinary. 5 Octavianus

Of the associates of Octavianus so far as now revealed to history, Messalla , Ap. Pulcher and Lepidus were not merely noble

, but there is a link somewhere with the Valerii, cf. PIR2, C 982. On Messalla , below, p. 423. 8 The marriage was contracted w

presence of Agrippa is attested by Appian, Ill. 20; Dio 49, 38, 3 f. Messalla was also there (Panegyricus Messallae 108 ff.); a

cos. suff. 35, and perhaps L. Cornelius, cos. suff. 38. 3 Not only Messalla himself, consul with Octavianus for the year 31,

that one would have fancied him born a century earlier. 4 Pollio and Messalla were reckoned the greatest orators of the new age

ollio and Messalla were reckoned the greatest orators of the new age. Messalla , his rival, displayed a cultivated harmony and a

some in resignation, others from ambition. Ahenobarbus with Antonius, Messalla and other nobles in the alliance of Caesar’s heir

the deed, he fought at Philippi. Then, refusing either to agree with Messalla that the Republic was doomed, or to trust, like M

The consulars L. Gellius Poplicola (cos. 36 B.C.), a half-brother of Messalla and a treacherous friend of Brutus, and L. Sempro

ntal monarch used vessels of gold for domestic and intimate purposes. Messalla wrote at least three pamphlets against Antonius (

h, Antonius 65; Dio 50, 13, 5; 14, 1. Also Appian, BC 4, 38, 161 (for Messalla ). 7 Virgil, Aen. 8, 680 f. PageBook=>297

ppa, the victor of Naulochus, was in command, supported by the consul Messalla , by L. Arruntius, M. Lurius and L. Tarius Rufus.

f a Roman knight. But what of Syria and Macedonia? Soon after Actium, Messalla was put in charge of Syria :3 Octavianus’ first g

overnor of Macedonia is nowhere attested—perhaps it was Taurus. 4 But Messalla and Taurus departed to the West before long, to r

Ritterling, Fasti des r. Deutschland unter dem Prinzipat, 3 f.). For Messalla , Tibullus 1, 7, 3 ff.; CIL I2, p. 50 and p. 77 (S

puleius; from Africa, L. Autronius Paetus; from Gaul, C. Carrinas and M. Valerius Messalla . The proconsul of Macedonia, M. Licinius Crassus,

e Plancus and Titius. Ahenobarbus the Republican leader was dead; but Messalla and Pollio carried some authority. If the young d

my of the Roman People or monarch of Egypt. 4 NotesPage=>309 1 Messalla had left Syria, perhaps succeeded there by M. Tul

uleius, the son of Octavianus’ half-sister, followed Taurus in Spain. Messalla , who triumphed from Gaul on September 25th, 27 B.

Groag, P-W XIII, 1378, on the mysterious connexion with the house of Messalla (Tacitus, Ann. 12, 22). 4 Namely the poet C. Va

matrimonial alliance soon showed its effects Ap. Claudius Pulcher and M. Valerius Messalla were quickly won over. But the aristocracy were s

cent, displayed some show of talent in oratory or letters. Pollio and Messalla still dominated the field: Gallus and Messallinus

l of a dubious authenticity, penetrated only by their contemporaries. Messalla raised vigorous and public complaint when inferio

amily of Statilius Taurus. 6 Agrippa now lived in state, sharing with Messalla the house of Antonius. 7 Spacious pleasure-garden

ell to some of his generals who had recently celebrated triumphs both Messalla and Calvisius Sabinus dealt with the Via Latina.

20; Dio 53, 22, 1 f.; ILS 113 (Ariminum). 4 Tibullus 1, 7, 57 ff. ( Messalla ); ILS 889 (Sabinus). 5 Frontinus, De aq. 98 and

the cura aquarum thus officially constituted the first president was Messalla . He held the post until his death. Ateius Capito

w the Princeps could be represented by a deputy, and the behaviour of Messalla , appointed praefectus urbi in 26 B.C. and resigni

f possible by such as had a reputation for independence. The eloquent Messalla may have played his part along with the diplomati

la may have played his part along with the diplomatic Plancus. It was Messalla who twenty-five years later introduced the decree

erius Messalla Rufus, who wrote on augury, may still have been alive. Messalla was augur for fifty-five years (Macrobius 1, 9, 1

pire. Veterans of the triumviral period such as Calvisius, Taurus and Messalla were available to give advice; while Silius, Loll

ough escaping notice in the politics and the scandals of these years. Messalla still lived on; and he had something of a party.

Tiberius. 6 NotesPage=>424 1 The family of Piso, like that of Messalla , is a nexus of difficult problems. Presumably he

patrons of literature were left far behind. Pollio lost his Virgil. Messalla had to be content with the anaemic Tibullus. Fabi

llio, it is true, was honoured by Horace in a conspicuous ode. Not so Messalla , however. As for the plebeian military men promot

daring as it might appear, but is rather a subtle compliment. It was Messalla who proposed in the Senate, with moving and patri

oth prose and verse, a scourge in the social life of the aristocracy. Messalla vied with Pollio as a patron of letters. When a m

about the career of the Caesarian leader in the revolutionary wars. Messalla praised Brutus and Cassius; 1 but he reprehended

and dignity of poetry. Nor could the new oratory outshine the fame of Messalla and Pollio; and its ablest exponents were bitter

putable and more independent characters than Dellius and Plancus were Messalla and Pollio, the consular patrons of Augustan lite

honour and fame, yet had done well for themselves and their families. Messalla changed sides, passing to Antonius after Philippi

ippi and from Antonius before long to Octavianus. Along with Agrippa, Messalla occupied the house of Antonius on the Palatine. 2

composed a memoir to be published after Plancus’ death; 3 and it was Messalla who coined as a title for Dellius the phrase ‘des

ltor bellorum civilium’. 4 Yet, on a cool estimate, Pollio as well as Messalla will be reckoned among the profiteers of the Revo

o a decade before the death of Augustus, tough and lively to the end, Messalla with failing powers until A.D. 13.7 NotesPage=&

e son of Aeserninus (the grandson was an orator, mentioned along with Messalla and Pollio by Tacitus, Ann. 11, 6 f.). 7 Pollio

us 32 Cn. Domitius L. f. Ahenobarbus: C. Sosius C. f. L. Cornelius: M. Valerius Messalla 31 Imp. Caesar Divi f. III: M. Valerius M. f. M

Imp. Caesar Divi f. V: Sex. Appuleius Sex. f. Potitus Valerius M. f. Messalla 28 Imp. Caesar Divi f. VI: M. Vipsanius L. f. A

os. suff. A.D. 31), 499, 518 Menedemus, Caesarian in Thessaly, 262. Messalla , see Valerius. Messallina, see Valeria. Messius

ew of Caesar, 64; his career, 128 f.; consulate, 186, 197; related to Messalla , 237. Peducaei, 235. Peducaeus, C., falls at