=>006 1 Pollio’s three letters to Cicero are valuable documents ( Ad fam. 10, 31–3), especially the first, where he wr

his capacity (Caesar, BC 1, 4, 3; 3, 31, 1) were pretty dubious. 2 Ad fam. 8, 4, 4. Marcellus’ flogging of a man of Com

ure and by no means to the liking of Pompeius (Ad Att. 5, 11, 2). 3 Ad fam. 8, 4, 4: ‘omnis oportere senatui dicto audie

s. 51) was very mild and loath to provoke a civil war (Dio 40, 59, 1; Ad fam. 4, 3, 1, &c.); L. Aemilius Paullus (cos.

lo fieri posset, magnum etiucundum tibi Fortuna spectaculum parabat’ ( Ad fam. 8, 14, 4). For a clear and dispassionate sta

o a daughter of Ap. Claudius Pulcher certainly took place in 54 B.C. ( Ad fam. 3, 4, 2), that of Cn. Pompeius probably abou

ne. 3 Only the usurers approved of Caesar, so NotesPage=>052 1 Ad fam. 4, 4, 3 (after the pardoning of M. Marcellus

nscrupulous adventurer who destroyed the Free NotesPage=>053 1 Ad fam. 8, 17, 2. 2 Pro Marcello 23: ‘constituenda

): the title of praefectus moribus did not make him any more popular ( Ad fam. 9, 15, 5). 3 Suetonius, Divus Iulius 77, r

imperii potentiae gloriae cupiditates. ’ 5 Cicero, Phil. 1, 38 and Ad fam. 10, 1, 1, adapting to himself the phrase ‘sa

liquanto deteriore condicione civilia bella subituram. ’ 2 Cassius ( Ad fam. 15, 19, 4) describes Caesar as ‘veterem et c

38), of a senatorial family: he married a step-daughter of Catilina ( Ad fam. 8, 7, 2). On his career, P-W IV, 1624 ff. Q.

zer, P-W II A, 870 3 Frontinus, De aq. 76 4 And with Ahenobarbus ( Ad fam’. 8, 14, 1). His feud with Ap. Pulcher and hi

Curio, quoius amicitia me paulatim in hanc perditam causam imposuit’ ( Ad fam. 8, 17, 1). 5 On Curio as an orator, Cicero

, Cicero, Brutus 280 f.; on Caelius, Tacitus, Dial. 25, 3, &c 6 Ad fam. 8, 14, 3 PageBook=>064 their allegian

uetonius, Tib. 4, 1. Dolabella prosecuted Ap. Claudius Pulcher in 51 ( Ad fam. 8, 6, 1), so he had little choice when it ca

ignitate usus esset, talibus quoque se parem gratiam relaturum. ’ 3 Ad fam. 8, 4, 2: ‘infimorum hominum amicitiam. ’ 4

he is surely the same person as C. Vibius Pansa, tribune in 51 B.C. ( Ad fam. 8, 8, 6). A. Hirtius is nowhere mentioned as

lic campaigns; and some find that his style is not very military. 5 Ad fam. 9, 20, 2. 6 Pliny, NH 15, 49 PageBook=&g

i essent, recusarunt’; cf. Ad Att. 8, 13, 2; 16, 1. 2 Ib. 9, 11, 4; Ad . fam. 7, 3, 2. 3 Ad Att. 8, 11, 2; 9, 10, 2 and

Metelli. Celer, Clodia’s husband, governed the Cisalpina in 62 B.C. ( Ad fam. 5, 1). 5 e.g. C. Fleginas (or rather, Felg

nquest of Gaul2 (1911), 652. On the family, cf. also BG 7, 65, 2. 2 Ad fam. 10, 32, 5, where it is stated that Gallus ha

ffect. This was permanent. NotesPage=>077 1 Ad Att. 14, 21, 3; Ad fam. 15, 19, 3; De off. 2, 29. 2 Ad Att. 12, 2,

n burned alive and an auctioneer from Hispalis thrown to wild beasts ( Ad fam. 10, 32, 3). Another senator from Spain may b

NotesPage=>082 1 L. Aelius Lamia, ‘equestris ordinis princeps’ ( Ad fam. 11, 16, 2), ‘vir prae- stantissimus et ornat

edile in 45 (Ad Att. 13, 45, 1). He had business interests in Africa ( Ad fam. 12, 29) and probably large estates there the

inem in parte Italiae minime contemnenda facile omnium nobilissimum’ ( Ad fam. 6, 6, 9); A. Cluentius Habitus, ‘homo non so

usa succederet iam nullum haberet. ’ This is the house-agent Vettius ( Ad . Att. 4, 5, 2; 6, 1, 15), clearly of the family o

uld be confronted with the task of creating a NotesPage=>092 1 Ad fam. 10, 31, 2 f. He prosecuted C. Cato (Tacitus,

y. 3 So Cicero described him (Pliny, NH 7, 135) and so did Plancus ( Ad fam. 10, 183). Really an army contractor (Gellius

us. ’ 3 Compare the tone of his letter to M. Brutus and to Cassius, Ad fam. 11, 1. The dating of this crucial document h

tory has gained colour and strength (Phil. 2, 91). Even if the letter Ad fam. 11, I were to be dated immediately after the

icipia bonique desiderant. ’ Cf. the letter of flattery to Dolabella, Ad fam. 9, 14. The sagacious Atticus became impatien

ater Hirtius sent a warning letter to Cicero, Ad Att. 15, 6, 2 f. 4 Ad fam. 11, 2 (an open letter of Brutus and Cassius)

sourceful general. He commanded the left wing NotesPage=>103 2 Ad fam. 11, 1, above, p. 97 PageBook=>104 on

o 45, 5, 3; Appian, BC 3, 14, 48 ff.). This was a mere formality. 2 Ad fam. 11, 2. 3 Ad Att. 15, 8, 1. But Hirtius was

of the mob and the popularity of Caesar’s heir. 2 Ad Jam. 11, 3, 1; Ad . Att. 16, 7, 7. PageBook=>119 with a firm

he worked upon this material in the month of NotesPage=>119 1 Ad fam. 11, 3 (August 4th). 2 Velleius 2, 62, 3; e

that was for treachery. 2 NotesPage=>121 1 For example Pollio, Ad fam. 10, 31, 2f., quoted above, p. 6. C. Matius m

r days NotesPage=>123 1 Cicero, Phil, 1; Ad Jam. 12, 2, 1. 2 Ad fam. 12, 3, 1. PageBook=>124 later, a dark

nd them or march with them to northern Italy. NotesPage=>124 1 Ad fam. 12, 23, 2: ‘prudentes autem et boni viri et

the more important of the two, cf. Brutus’ abusive reference to him ( Ad M. Brutum 1, 17, 4). No mention of either by Cice

sure behind him, a temptation to his enemies. NotesPage=>130 1 Ad fam. 12, 23, 2. 2 Appian, BC 3, 94, 391 one of

. 7 Ib. 16, 15, 3. 8 Ib. 16, 8, 2. Probably not the A. Caecina of Ad fam. 6, 5 ff.; 13, 66. 9 Nicolaus, Vita Caesari

praefectus classis; cf. Appian, BC 5, 102, 422. On his profiteering, Ad fam. 15, 17, 2; his father,ib. 13, 26, 2. 2 Phi

nk by Caesar. He commanded the legio Martia for Octavianus at Mutina ( Ad fam. 10, 33, 4): who impelled the legion to deser

1, 4: ‘λῆρος πολύς in vino et in somno istorum. ’ Likewise Q. Cicero, Ad fam. 16, 27, 1: ‘quos ego penitus novi libidinum

μάλιστα Kικἐρων. 3 Plutarch, Cicero 44. 4 Ad Att. 16, 14, 2. 5 Ad fam. 12, 2, 2. He hoped to squeeze Brutus and Cas

of the places for his son, praetor in 44. 6 His mother was a Junia ( Ad fam. 15, 8), presumably the aunj: of D. Brutus: a

Pompeius 58, and Caesar 37; Dio 41, 16, 4; Cicero, Ad Att. 7, 13, 1; Ad fam. 14, 14, 2. 2 Münzer, RA, 355 ff.; P-W 11 A

as clearly the better cause and it seemed the NotesPage=>137 1 Ad fam. 16, 12, 2; Velleius 2, 48, 5. PageBook=>

ngled and defeated in Spain by the experienced Pompeian generals. 3 Ad M. Brutum 1, 17, 4: ‘nimium timemus mortem et exs

ovet. alia enim eorum ratio 〈est et, si non est, tamen videtur. ’ 5 Ad fam. 16, 24, 2 of uncertain date, but fitting Nov

d of the failure of the march on Rome, Cicero NotesPage=>143 1 Ad M. Brutum 1, 17, 5: ‘licet ergo patrem appellet O

apparebit verba rebus esse contraria. ’ Cf. Plutarch, Cicero 45. 2 Ad fam, 9, 14. 3 Phil. 5, 50: ‘Omnis habeo cognito

g of history. 6 Cicero was obdurate: he hoped NotesPage=>145 1 Ad fam. 9, 2, 5. 2 De officiis 1, 25 (Crassus’ def

his views about the alliance between Cicero and Octavianus, cf. esp. Ad M. Brutum 1, 16 and 17 (summer, 43 B.C.). PageB

sque nostrum non est? ’ 6 Ib. 11, 12; 13, 27. 7 Pro Balbo 51. 8 Ad fam. 10, 18, 3 (Plancus); Pliny, NH7, 135 (Cicero

ον ἔχομ∈ν. 2 Cf. the friendly and humorous letter many years later, Ad fam. 5, 10a. 3 Suetonius, Divus Iulius 73. Pa

er. Sulpicius Rufus). Cf. also ‘ista pacificatio’ (Cicero to Lepidus, Ad fam. 10, 27, 2, below, p. 173). 4 Phil. 2, 113:

sit privata odia publicis utilitatibus remittiere’ (Ann. 1, 10). 4 Ad fam. 10, 35, 2: ‘ut privatis offensionibus omissi

ium quam optimum faciam. ’ 7 ‘Ferventes latrones’ and ‘parricidae’ ( Ad fam. 10, 23, 3 and 5); ‘furor’ (ib. 5). 8 Bell.

raordinary in that. Compare, in the next year, what P. Lentulus says ( Ad fam. 12, 14, 5): ‘qua re non puto Pansam et Hirti

rom age, infirmity or despair, were seldom to NotesPage=>164 1 Ad fam. 12, 2, 2. 2 Phil. 13, 29, above, p. 45.

ice. That left six consulars of the years 48-45. 4 Phil. 8, 22. 5 Ad fam. 12, 4, 1. 6 Ib. 10, 28, 3 7 Phil 8, 30:

vanda voluntatem et senatui et populo Romano probari moleste ferant’; Ad fam. 12, 5, 3: ‘non nulli invident eorum laudi qu

n nulli invident eorum laudi quos in re publica probari vident. i 8 Ad fam. 12, 5, 2, cf. Mommsen, Ges. Schriften IV, 17

nths after the Ides of March, but still with a future before him. 2 Ad fam. 10, 3, 3: ‘scis profecto nihil enim te fuger

om NotesPage=>166 1 D. Brutus called him ‘homo ventosissimus’ ( Ad fam. 11, 9, 1); Cicero years before ‘iste omnium

ntry gentleman could have been described in very different terms. 2 Ad fam. 12, 4, 1: ‘nihil autem foedius Philippo et P

. They too went to swell the army of Cassius. NotesPage=>171 1 Ad fam. 12, 2 (Feb. 2nd); 3 (later in the month).

Phil. 10, 24), probably quaestor of Asia, C. Antistius Vetus of Syria( Ad M. Brutum 1, 11, 1; Plutarch, Brutus 25). P. Lent

25). P. Lentulus, Trebonius’ quaestor, claims that he helped Cassius ( Ad fam. 12, 14, 6). 5 On these men, above, p. 111.

3 1 Phil. 12 (c. March 10th?). 2 Phil. 13. 3 Ib. 13, 22 ff. 4 Ad fam. 10, 6, 3: ‘haec impulsus benevolentia scrips

ppeared to be winning all along the line. The NotesPage=>174 1 Ad fam. 10, 30 (Galba’s report). 2 Phil. 14 (April

4 1 Ad fam. 10, 30 (Galba’s report). 2 Phil. 14 (April 21st). 3 Ad fam. 10, 33, 1: ‘quo si qui laetantur in praesent

d the legions of the dead consuls. 2 Orations NotesPage=>162 1 Ad fam. 11, 10, 4: ‘sed neque Caesari imperari potes

as opposed and perhaps rejected by certain Republicans in the Senate ( Ad M. Brutum 1, 15, 9). However that may be, the Aut

;164 M. Junius Silanus, his kinsman, had actually fought at Mutina ( Ad fam. 10, 30, 1). It was Q. Terentius Culleo who j

humanitatis et necessitudinis causa eorum salutis rationem habuimus’ ( Ad fam. 10, 34, 2). 2 Caesar, BC 3, 19. PageBook

mposed his last NotesPage=>165 1 Appian, BC 3, 83, 341 ff. 2 Ad fam. 10, 35, 2: ‘quod si salutis omnium ac dignit

. 4 The veterans had no wish for war they had NotesPage=>166 1 Ad fam. 10, 24. On Octavianus, ib. § 5 f. 2 Cf. hi

66 1 Ad fam. 10, 24. On Octavianus, ib. § 5 f. 2 Cf. his letters, Ad fam. 10, 31–3. 3 Plutarch, Brutus 12: χϵ ρον ϵ

witticism of Cicero he was to be praised and NotesPage=>167 1 Ad fam. 10, 11, 2 (the words ‘furor’ and ‘furiosus’

est. ’ 3 It was trivial (1 per cent.), but the rich refused to pay ( Ad M. Brutum 1, 18, 5). 4 Ad fam. 11, 14, 1: ‘ὄργα

per cent.), but the rich refused to pay (Ad M. Brutum 1, 18, 5). 4 Ad fam. 11, 14, 1: ‘ὄργανον enim erat meum senatus:

eath of Pansa, it was widely believed in Rome NotesPage=>168 1 Ad fam. 11, 20, 1: ‘laudandum adulescentem, ornandum

1, 1) does not expressly deny that he said so. 2 Above, p. 143. 3 Ad M. Brutum 1, 15, 6 (mid-July): ‘tantum dico, Caes

Suetonius, Divus Aug. 62, 1 the only evidence, but unimpeachable. 6 Ad M. Brutum 2, 2, 3. After an altercation covering

1 The rumour had been spread by Cicero’s enemies, Phil. 14, 15 f. 2 Ad M. Brutum 1, 4a, 4 (May 15th). 3 Appian, BC 3,

admitted that he had played upon Cicero’s ambition to be consul. 4 Ad M. Brutum 1, 4a, 4 (May 15th). 5 Ib. 1, 2a, 2:

ion in Rome of the report of Cassius’s seizure of the eastern armies ( Ad M. Brutum 2, 4, 5). 3 Above, p. 64. 4 Ad M. B

e of the eastern armies (Ad M. Brutum 2, 4, 5). 3 Above, p. 64. 4 Ad M. Brutum I,15, 10 f. 5 Ib. 1, 16 and 17 (early

ce8 a move of conciliation that may have been NotesPage=>171 1 Ad M. Brutum 1, 16, 1: ‘pudet condicionis ac fortuna

ier in the year for the war against Antonius. NotesPage=>189 1 Ad fam. 10, 21, 4. 2 At least he was with Sex. Pom

ων χθραν προσέθϵντο. 3 D. Brutus spoke about ‘Varronis thensauros’ ( Ad fam. 11, 10, 5). On the friends of Varro, wealthy

3 Ad Att. 16, 4, 4 (Ahenobarbus); Velleius 2, 71, 2 (Lucullus). 4 Ad M. Brutum 1, 17, 3. He fell in battle, Plutarch,

ample, the freedman’s son Q. Horatius Flaccus. 7 Above, p. 171. 8 Ad M. Brutum 1, 12, 1, cf. 15, 1. He was the son of

time, but acted treacherously (Dio 47, 24, 3 ff.). Above, p. 171 9 Ad fam. 12, 14 f.; BMC, R. Rep. 11, 481 ff. PageBo

8, 3. 2 The Lex Rufrena, ILS 73 and 73 a. Rufrenus was a Caesarian ( Ad fam. 10, 21, 4, above, p. 189). 3 Appian, BC 5,

s the Republican NotesPage=>203 1 Compare Brutus’ own remarks ( Ad M. Brutum 1, 16 f., above, p. 184). 2 Plutarch,

Groag, PIR2 C 857. 5 A nephew of Ap. Claudius Pulcher, cos. 54. 6 Ad fam. 12, 2, 2. 7 The problem of Scribonia’s hus

NotesPage=>235 1 CIL 12, p. 42. 2 Münzer, P-W XIX, 45 ff. 3 Ad fam. 10, 33, 4. 4 Appian, BC 5, 54, 229 f., cf.

company he is first mentioned, in 43, perhaps as one of his legates ( Ad fam. 12, 25, 1: ‘Minotauri, id est Calvisi et Tau

s an Antonian in 43 B.C., but willing to be recommended to D. Brutus ( Ad fam. 11, 22). PageBook=>238 land. But Corn

NotesPage=>252 1 Above, p. 63. 2 Horace, Sat. 1, 10, 42 f. 3 Ad fam. 10, 32, 5, cf. 31, 6 4 Perhaps in the impo

he Cocceii, was an intimate, perhaps a legate, of Plancus in 43 B.C. ( Ad fam. 10, 18, 1). 4 ILS 891 (Miletus), which des

votary of truth turned courtier and flatterer NotesPage=>321 1 Ad M. Brutum 1, 17, 4 (above, p. 138). 2 Wilamowit

ntifex at least as early as 64 B.C., Macrobius 3, 13, II. 2 Cicero, Ad fam. 8, 14, 1. 3 Augustus records that about on

hinc Augustus agens Italos in proelia Caesar. 4 PageNotes. 465 1 Ad fam. 12, 5, 2. 2 Plutarch, Comp. Dionis et Brut