fices of lowly agents such as influential freedmen were not despised. Above all, it was necessary to conciliate the second or

nd the memory of Caesar’s amours with Servilia, public and notorious. Above all, to Brutus as to Cato, who stood by the ancie

quae dicit’; cf. Tacitus, Dial. 25, 6: ‘simpliciter et ingenue’. 2 Above , p. 35. Before the outbreak of the Civil War Brut

at the age of ninety-eight, so it was alleged (Pliny, NH 7, 156). 3 Above , p. 41 4 Caesar, BC 3, 83 (especially the compe

eclaim about fleets and armies, vexing Cicero: he commanded them. 2 Above all, Caesar recruited for his new Senate the prop

y when he became a senator. 3 ILS 8888. Cf. above, p. 28, n. 1. 4 Above , p. 31. 5 Cf. Münzer, P-W III, 1267, invoking t

first and perhaps the last senators of their respective families. 3 Above all, the confederate peoples of the Bellum Italic

nly in these regions but extends to Picenum and the Sabine country. 4 Above all, there is a type peculiar to the Sabellian pe

my NotesPage=>141 1 Ad Att, 14, 13a; 13b (Cicero’s reply). 2 Above , p. 114. 3 Ib. 15, 12, 2: ‘sed tamen alendus es

age=>164 1 Ad fam. 12, 2, 2. 2 Phil. 13, 29, above, p. 45. 3 Above , p. 94. One of them, the patrician Q. Fabius Maxi

’ Cicero (ib. 11, 21, 1) does not expressly deny that he said so. 2 Above , p. 143. 3 Ad M. Brutum 1, 15, 6 (mid-July): ‘t

f Cassius’s seizure of the eastern armies (Ad M. Brutum 2, 4, 5). 3 Above , p. 64. 4 Ad M. Brutum I,15, 10 f. 5 Ib. 1, 1

family of the Pompeian L. Arruntius, cos. 22 B.C., below, p. 425. 4 Above , p. 82. 5 On the Aelii Lamiae, cf. above, pp. 8

and the hope of vengeance. NotesPage=>197 1 Dio 48, 43, 2. 2 Above , p. 164. 3 Appian, BC 4, 6, 26. 4 CIL 12, p.

eft Italy at an early date; and the party was NotesPage=>198 1 Above , p. 43. 2 C. Marcellus (cos. 50 B.C.) was still

, 14, 1. 6 For example, the freedman’s son Q. Horatius Flaccus. 7 Above , p. 171. 8 Ad M. Brutum 1, 12, 1, cf. 15, 1. He

with Brutus for a time, but acted treacherously (Dio 47, 24, 3 ff.). Above , p. 171 9 Ad fam. 12, 14 f.; BMC, R. Rep. 11, 4

he Liberators and their lieutenants, cf. BMC, R. Rep. 11, 471 ff. 2 Above , p. 67. 3 For example, C. Calvisius Sabinus, C.

1, 4, above, p. 189). 3 Appian, BC 5, 12, 46, cf. Dio 48, 2, 3. 4 Above , p. 189. There is no evidence of the whereabouts

ὸν αἱ πόλϵις το ς σϕϵτ ροις θϵο ς συνίδρνον. 7 Dio 49, 15, 5 f. 8 Above , p.113. PageBook=>234 disturbances, order

esPage=>234 1 Appian, BC 5, 130, 541 f. 2 Ib. 5, 132, 548. 3 Above , pp. 90 and 188. For Octavianus he fought in Spai

ns up, only a Roman knight, but a person of repute and consequence. 3 Above all, the full narrative of the Sicilian campaigns

. M. Valerius, cos. suff. 32, clearly belongs to the same family. 4 Above , p. 199 f. 5 Sallust, BJ 85, 17. 6 Dio 48, 43

iration (he had inherited her from another),6 NotesPage=>252 1 Above , p. 63. 2 Horace, Sat. 1, 10, 42 f. 3 Ad fam.

mily scandal, and the private vices of lust, cruelty and cowardice. 1 Above all Octavianus attacked Antonius’ devotion to dri

acrobius 2, 3, 5 (Vatinius’ joke). 2 Ad Att. 8, 16, ι; 9, 5, 3. 3 Above , pp. 86 ff. PageBook=>287 Shame that the M

e of Actium, BMC, R. Rep. 11, 533. 2 Horace, Odes 1, 37, 29 ff. 3 Above , p. 159. 4 Res Gestae 3: ‘victorque omnibus v[e

working of the rich treasure from Egypt became everywhere apparent. 3 Above all, security of tenure was to be the watchword o

.; R. Reitzenstein, GGN 1917, 399 ff.; Hermes LIX (1924), 356 ff. 2 Above , p. 144, cf. R. Heinze, Hermes LIX (1924), 73 ff.

Heinze, Hermes LX (1925), 348 ff. Vom Geist des Römertums, 1 ff. 3 Above , p. 284 PageBook=>323 Augustus was by far

mperator to the legions, a king and a god to the subject populations. Above all, he stood at the head of a large and well org

f Maecenas. 5 NotesPage=>325 1 ILS 893. 2 Dio 51, 23, 1. 3 Above , pp. 189 and 268. His son may have been married t

e were veterans to dismiss, cities to found, territories to organize. Above all, the Princeps must build up, for Rome, Italy

t nec natura improbi nec furiosi nec malis domesticis impediti. ’ 2 Above , p. 284. 3 Suetonius, Divus Aug. 41, 1. PageB

, they are attested as senators in the purified Senate of Augustus. 8 Above all, freedmen were employed by the Princeps as hi

and Mussidius could never pretend to derive from pure Latin stock. 2 Above and before all stands that blatant prodigy of nom

oman ways and sentiments, a steady reinforcement of the citizen body. Above all, the propertied classes in the towns of the E

ominee on the throne of Armenia (20-19 B.C.)4 NotesPage=>388 1 Above , p. 327 f. 2 Tacitus, Hist. 1, 4: ‘evulgato imp

Piso and Ahenobarbus receive no ode from Horace. PageBook=>393 Above all, there is a singular lack of historical evide

91 ff.) to A.D. II (A. v. Premerstein, Jahreshefte XXIX, 60 ff.). 5 Above , p. 394. 6 Velleius 2, 101, 3 (I B.C.), cf. IGR

blems of the northern frontier and was willing to communicate them. Above all, Agrippa was there. The Romans thought in ter

emergence is dramatic and impressive. Close behind comes Quirinius. Above all, several groups of nobiles, the peers and riv

to the Libones (Tacitus, Ann. 2, 30): precisely how, no evidence. 6 Above , p. 400 f. PageBook=>426 Julia was accused

rum arguebat. ’ 2 Lucius died on August 20th, A.D. 2 (ILS 139). 3 Above , p. 418, n. 2. Cf. E. Hohl, Klio xxx (1937), 337

. 3 See above, p. 429. He was now married to an Aemilia Lepida. 4 Above , p. 424. L. Nonius Asprenas (cos. suff. A.D. 6),

e not like Sulla’s men. Even freedmen were not treated as outcasts. Above all, the aristocracy was sharply recalled to its

1 Suetonius, Divus Aug. 42, 1. 2 Ib., 57, 1; ILS 92 f. and 99. 3 Above , p. 446. 4 Pliny, NH 7, 60. 5 Gellius 10, 2,

assidue minores parentibus liberi essent, nascendo interiturum. ’ 4 Above , p. 436 f. For the stemma of the Lentuli, PIR2, C

. CIL 12, 1919 (Cupra Maritima). Her daughter was Nero’s consort. 2 Above , p. 379. 3 See above, pp. 425, 497. 4 Lollia