She had no mother, but sprang full armed from the head of Jupiter. […] She has a golden helmet on her head, holds a lance in her right hand, and her left rests upon a shield to which is affixed the head of Medusa. […] What is the story of Medusa’s [Medu′sa] head? […] He afterwards gave the head to Minerva, who fixed it on her shield. […] The actors wore masks which covered the entire head.