Electryon, a king of Argos. Alec′to [Alecto] was one of the Furies. She is depicted as having serpents instead of hair on

Salatia), the wife of Neptune, was a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys. She was the mother of Triton, a sea god. “His weary

the god of war. Arethu′sa [Arethusa] was one of the nymphs of Diana. She fled from Alpheus, a river god, and was enabled t

escape by being turned by Diana into a rivulet which ran underground. She was as virtuous as she was beautiful. Ar′gonauts

uld be fatal to her, but, being very beautiful, she had many suitors. She was a very swift runner, and, to get rid of her a

e of which he dropped whenever Atalanta caught up to him in the race. She stopped to pick them up, and he was victorious an

goddess of revenge, also called the goddess of discord and all evil. She was banished from heaven by her father Jupiter.

goddess of the morning, “Whose rosy fingers ope the gates of day.” She was daughter of Sol, the sun, and was the mother

daughter of Sol, the sun, and was the mother of the stars and winds. She is represented as riding in a splendid golden cha

of the Hindoos. Byb′lis [Byblis]. A niece of Sol, mentioned by Ovid. She shed so many tears for unrequited love that she w

′ope [Calliope]. The Muse who presided over epic poetry and rhetoric. She is generally depicted using a stylus and wax tabl

f Saturn, the goddess of agriculture, and of the fruits of the earth. She taught Triptolemus how to grow corn, and sent him

how to grow corn, and sent him to teach the inhabitants of the earth. She was known by the names of Magna Dea, Bona Dea, Al

. Cli′o [Clio]. One of the Muses, daughter of Jupiter and Mnemosyne. She presided over history. Cloaci′na [Cloacina]. The

The Roman goddess of sewers. Clo′tho [Clotho] was one of the Fates. She was present at births, and held the distaff from

temnestra], wife of Agamemnon, slew her husband and married Ægisthus. She attempted to kill her son Orestes, but he was del

[Concordia]. The goddess of peace. One of the oldest Roman goddesses. She is represented as holding a horn of plenty in one

′bele [Cybele]. The mother of the gods, and hence called Magna Mater. She was wife of Saturn. She is sometimes referred to

er of the gods, and hence called Magna Mater. She was wife of Saturn. She is sometimes referred to under the names of Ceres

sometimes referred to under the names of Ceres, Rhea, Ops, and Vesta. She is represented as riding in a chariot drawn by li

r evil gods. Dan′ae [Danae] was a daughter of Acrisius and Eurydice. She had a son by Jupiter, who was drifted out to sea

as, and Obambou. Di′ana [Diana], goddess of hunting and of chastity. She was the sister of Apollo, and daughter of Jupiter

ty. She was the sister of Apollo, and daughter of Jupiter and Latona. She was known among the Greeks as Diana or Phœbe, and

following admirable couplet: “When Dido found Æneas would not come, She mourned in silence, and was Dido dumb.” Di′es P

an evil genius. Echid′na [Echidna]. A woman having a serpent’s tail. She was the reputed mother of Chimæra, and also of th

t reaches her. Another fable makes Echo a daughter of Air and Tellus. She was partly deprived of speech by Juno, being allo

ia]. A nymph who is said to have suggested to Numa all his wise laws. She became his wife, and at his death was so disconso

Flo′ra [Flora], goddess of flowers and gardens, was wife of Zephyrus. She enjoyed perpetual youth. Her Grecian name was Chl

e goddess of fortune, had a temple erected to her by Servius Tullius. She was supposed to be able to bestow riches or pover

nd, and was esteemed one of the most potent of the ancient goddesses. She is usually represented as standing on a wheel, wi

a serpent’s body, and at the end of her tail was a scorpion’s sting. She lived in the river Cocytus, and nothing but her h

daughter of Zeus (Jupiter) and Hera (Juno), was the goddess of youth. She was cup-bearer to Jupiter and the gods, until she

ons. In heaven her name was Luna, and her terrestrial name was Diana. She was a moon-goddess, and is generally represented

s and Perithous stole her, but she was restored by Castor and Pollux. She became the wife of Menelaus, king of Sparta, but

he married Deiphobus, his brother, and then betrayed him to Menelaus. She was afterward tied to a tree and strangled by ord

he sea where Helle was drowned, and it is now called the Dardanelles. She was the daughter of Athamas and Nephele. Hellesp

famous girdle, which Hercules was required to procure (see Hercules). She was conquered by Hercules, and given by him in ma

eia], the goddess of health, was a daughter of Æsculapius and Epione. She was represented as a young woman giving a serpent

fifty daughters of Danaus, who were collectively called the Danaides. She was the one who refused to kill her husband on th

e gods. Her duty was to cut the thread which detained expiring souls. She is the personification of the rainbow. Iron, see

ties. Ju′no [Juno] was the daughter of Saturn and Ops, alias Cybele. She was married to Jupiter, and became queen of all t

ven and earth. Juno was the mother of Mars, Vulcan, Hebe, and Lucina. She prompted the gods to conspire against Jupiter, bu

Lach′esis [Lachesis]. One of the three goddesses of Fate, the Parcæ. She spun the thread of life. Lacin′ia [Lacinia]. A n

ing a finely dressed woman who is a great enemy to new-born children. She was said to have been Adam’s first wife, but, ref

Luci′na [Lucina]. The goddess who presides at the birth of children. She was a daughter of Jupiter and Juno, or, according

idelity, Medea killed two of her children in their father’s presence. She was a great sorceress. See Jason. “Now to Medæa’

One of the Gorgons. Minerva changed her beautiful hair into serpents. She was conquered by Perseus, who cut off her head, a

said to have sprung from the head of Jupiter fully armed for battle. She was a great benefactress of mankind, and patrones

was a great benefactress of mankind, and patroness of the fine arts. She was the tutelar deity of the city of Athens. She

ss of the fine arts. She was the tutelar deity of the city of Athens. She is also known by the names of Pallas, Parthenos,

lso known by the names of Pallas, Parthenos, Tritonia, and Glaukopis. She was very generally worshiped by the ancients, and

the ancients, and her temple at Athens, the Parthenon, still remains. She is represented in statues and pictures as wearing

ance or justice, was one of the infernal deities. Her mother was Nox. She was supposed to be constantly traveling about the

search of wickedness, which she punished with the greatest severity. She is referred to by some writers under the name of

wind. Nox was the daughter of Chaos, and sister of Erebus and Mors. She personified night, and was the mother of Nemesis

s daughter Scylla cut off, and so betrayed her father to his enemies. She was changed into a lark, and the king into a hawk

Ocy′roe [Ocyroe]. A daughter of Chiron, who had the gift of prophecy. She was metamorphosed into a mare. O′din [Odin]. In

.” Milton. Ops. Mother of the gods, a daughter of Cœlus and Terra. She was known by the several names of Bona Dea, Rhea,

lus, and Thya; and occasionally she is spoken of as Juno and Minerva. She personified labor, and is represented as a comely

la′dium [Palladium]. A famous statue of the goddess Pallas (Minerva). She is sitting with a spear in her right hand, and in

auty; and the art of captivating was bestowed upon her by the Graces. She was taught singing by Apollo, and Mercury taught

len, who was renowned as being the most beautiful woman in the world. She was the wife of Menelaus, king of Sparta; but dur

[Pasiphae] was the reputed mother of the Minotaur killed by Theseus. She was said to be the daughter of Sol and Perseis, a

r of Pandion, king of Athens, who was transformed into a nightingale. She was sister to Procne, who married Tereus, King of

ho [Pitho], the goddess of Persuasion, daughter of Mercury and Venus. She is sometimes referred to under the name of Suada.

Pluto carried her off to the infernal regions and made her his wife. She was known by the names of “the Queen of Hell,” He

the names of “the Queen of Hell,” Hecate, Juno Inferna, and Libitina. She was called by the Greeks Persephone. “He sung, a

f one stone ten cubits high. Rhe′a [Rhea]. The Greek name of Cybele. She was a daughter of Uranus and Gæa, and was called

ad visited her, at her special request, in all his terrible splendor. She was deified after her death, and named Thyone. S

air. Sos′pita [Sospita]. A name of Juno, as the safeguard of women. She is called the “saving goddess.” So′ter [Soter].

serpent, the wings of a bird, the paws of a lion, and a human voice. She lived in the country near Thebes, and proposed to

ous illness when he was young, and afterwards taught him agriculture. She gave him her chariot, which was drawn by dragons,

Nemesis. Ve′nus [Venus]. The goddess of beauty, and mother of love. She is said to have sprung from the foam of the sea,

ter of Saturn and Cybele, was the goddess of the hearth and its fire. She had under her special care and protection a famou

nd, like all such people, often made herself and others very unhappy. She had one great favorite, a peacock, which was alwa

rora ( Guido Reni ). His twin sister was Diana, goddess of the moon. She drove her silver car at night when Apollo had gon

silver car at night when Apollo had gone to rest in the western sky. She was also the goddess of hunting; and, in the dayt

enus, the queen of love and beauty, was the fairest of the goddesses. She was supposed to have sprung from the sea one day,

Neptune himself, rose with songs of gladness to welcome their queen. She had a little son named Cupid, who also was the go

rva, the goddess of wisdom and of war. The owl was her favorite bird. She spent much of her time in weaving and embroiderin

e son Arcas; for she was fair and good, and kind to all who knew her. She had a very joyous nature, and when she went hunti

ions, as she often did, she was always the leader of the merry party. She dearly loved the woods with their gurgling brooks

oods with their gurgling brooks and tuneful birds and bright flowers. She laughed and sang to the beautiful world about her

down with his cheery smile; in vain the birds sang their happy songs. She cared for none of them, and no longer responded t

eyes at the child who had grown to be such a tall, fine-looking boy. She longed to speak; but of course her growling would

as very angry when she saw the newly-made stars twinkling in the sky. She had tried to show her hatred toward Callisto by t

t now Jupiter had made her and her son far greater than human beings. She went to Neptune, god of the sea, and told him her

ings. She went to Neptune, god of the sea, and told him her troubles. She asked him to grant her at least one little favor,

ly. Long, long ago, there lived on this island a goddess named Ceres. She had power to make the earth yield plentiful crops

being, you would have looked but an instant at Proserpine and said, “ She is the Spring.” Proserpine spent the long, happy

lovely maidens, and he singled out Proserpine, and said to himself, “ She shall be my queen. That fair face can make even d

her, the girl seized her girdle and threw it far out into the river. She hoped that in some way the girdle might reach Cer

ft, pretty name, and will help us to picture her to whom it belonged. She was tall and graceful, and usually wore soft, pea

ged, that she stepped into the boat and pushed it off from the shore. She sat down, her hands folded in her lap, softly cry

any one could wish for. And here Latona lived for a long, long time. She was very happy, and hoped that Juno would never f

d and pitied her, sent two beautiful twin babes to gladden her heart. She never wearied of watching her little boy and girl

ay asleep or played with their fingers and toes in true baby fashion. She named the boy Apollo, and the girl Diana. 5. “W

took a little one in each arm, and again set forth on her wanderings. She came at length to a desert land, where there was

sun. The mother was glad to suffer anything for her children’s sake. She had been walking for days and days, the hot sand

me when she danced and sang in the green woods with the other nymphs. She had one great fault, however, — she was too talka

alling and questioning, and each time Echo answered in his own words. She did not dare show herself, for fear that he might

ieved, thinking of the beautiful youth who had treated her so rudely. She suffered very much and wept night and day and cou

een turned by the praises that were showered upon her from all sides. She became so vain about her work that she could thin

walk erect, she came into the little room where Arachne sat spinning. She joined the circle that surrounded the maiden at h

Minerva come and try her skill with mine, and I will prove my words. She is afraid of the test, else why does she not come

times on the head. Arachne was too proud to submit to such treatment. She seized a rope which lay near her on the floor, an

lead into her heart, and the girl felt a cold shiver run through her. She looked up to see what had happened, and caught a

dice; and much as he loved his music, she was still more dear to him. She was as beautiful as the dewy morning; and it did

pent the day in the green woods, enjoying the pleasures of the chase. She was followed by a train of young girls, who hunte

go back and say to men that thou hast seen Diana at her midday rest.” She thereupon sprinkled a few drops of water in his f

t the great waves that every now and then swept over the little boat. She thought that they both would die; but somehow the

ter wrapping the head of Medusa in a cloth, went to greet his mother. She was overjoyed to see her son, for she had long si

forgot the debt he owed them. The head of Medusa he gave to Minerva. She was much pleased with the gift, and placed it in

ry, she still lived on earth, and, as I said, she was very beautiful. She was also very vain of her beauty, and one day boa

her mother, for whose vanity she was to die. And Cassiopeia herself? She would not believe the answer of the oracle. She r

d Cassiopeia herself? She would not believe the answer of the oracle. She rushed to the temple, and fell on her knees, and

o speak, she heard only a strange “moo” which came from her own lips. She was frightened and hastened to the banks of the r

as too much for the poor girl, — not to have her own father know her! She could not speak to him, but with her foot she tra

ry: “Once upon a time, there lived in a forest a nymph called Syrinx. She was graceful and nimble and fleet of foot, and sh

bit her and stung her, until Io was almost beside herself with pain. She wandered from one country to another trying in va

ile, and thought her so fair and good that they made her their queen. She lived happily for many years, until she grew old

; but her greatest happiness was in her children. How she loved them! She would play with them, and tell them stories, and

far greater than Latona? I am a queen, and she is but a humble woman. She has only two children, and I have seven times tha

hear the hymns sung in honor of the two great twins and their mother. She heard the queen’s boastful words, and hastened to

rd the queen’s boastful words, and hastened to find Apollo and Diana. She told them that Niobe had dared to compare herself

, as she is sometimes called, found it lying forgotten on the ground. She was so much pleased with its shape that she fille

rn of plenty, which we see at so many of our autumn festivals. 13. “ She filled the horn with her autumn fruits.” Fortune

d thin. Then, at last, she remembered the words of the dying centaur. She sent for her most faithful servant, and giving hi

rva, the goddess of wisdom, who loved him because he was so skillful. She changed him into a partridge, and he flew off acr

tened to the top of a high tower in the palace, and looked about her. She saw the army encamped outside the walls, and seat

d no sooner had the princess seen him than she fell in love with him. She longed to see him more closely and to speak with

sleeping, and quickly cut the lock of purple hair from off his head. She did not even feel ashamed of the wicked deed, for

of your father, and do harm to your city, all for love of a stranger? She who would do that would do anything wicked. I wil

Sorrowfully she flew above the city that had formerly been her home. She longed to speak to the people in the streets, and

ng’s side was his daughter Ariadne, a beautiful, tender-hearted girl. She wept for pity when she saw the youths and maidens

young prince. “He shall not die, if I can save him,” was her thought. She asked leave to lead Theseus to the entrance of th

ime, and she tried to make him give up the idea of going so far away. She warned him of the terrors of the sea, and the dan

and would talk only of the time when the ship would return homeward. She stood on the shore, waving her hand, until the bo

r to hear these prayers for the safety of a man who was already dead. She called her messenger, Iris, and ordered her to go

; but shadows leave no signs, and the room was empty and undisturbed. She was so troubled by her dream that she could no lo

bed. She was so troubled by her dream that she could no longer sleep. She arose and dressed, and, as the gray light of morn

the spot where she and her husband had exchanged their last farewell. She had been standing there some time, when she saw,

ds and shells, just as she had seen it in her dream the night before. She fell on her knees beside the body, and weeping, c

body, and weeping, cried, “O my beloved, my dream was but too true!” She could not bear to think of her lonely life withou

ove with him, and had come to talk with him and to offer him her aid. She promised to give Jason advice that would help him

top of the waves, he saw a beautiful maiden walking along the shore. She looked so modest and gentle that Glaucus’ heart w

t was deeply moved, and he followed her until she came to a low hill. She climbed to the top and then turned to give a part

vening, as Scylla was about to climb the hill, Glaucus called to her. She turned around and was very much surprised to see

ry much surprised to see that strange figure, half man and half fish. She stepped nearer to the water and said, “Pray, what

ated Scylla, and she had made up her mind to do something very cruel. She handed Glaucus a little flask filled with a color

e hill, and threw herself headlong into the foaming waves of the sea. She was changed to a rock, but ever after, that part

at Pygmalion with wonder, and slowly stepped down from the pedestal. She loved him, of course; for Venus had not only turn

ed. When Byron calls Rome “the Niobe of nations,” or says of Venice, “ She looks a Sea-Cybele fresh from ocean,” he calls up

he goddess of wisdom, was the offspring of Jupiter, without a mother. She sprang forth from his head completely armed. Her

ge the caduceus. Ceres (Demeter) was the daughter of Saturn and Rhea. She had a daughter named Proserpine, (Persephone,) wh

hey were also called Eumenides. Nemesis was also an avenging goddess. She represents the righteous anger of the gods, parti

; and man, for accepting the gift. The first woman was named Pandora. She was made in heaven, every god contributing someth

ng her marriage presents, into which every god had put some blessing. She opened the box incautiously, and the blessings al

o her, “Daughter, you owe me a son-in-law; you owe me grandchildren.” She , hating the thought of marriage as a crime, with

hesitated she saw the form of one struggling in the agonies of death. She started back, a shudder ran through her frame as

t the name of Thisbe Pyramus opened his eyes, then closed them again. She saw her veil stained with blood and the scabbard

ied to a charming wife whom he devotedly loved. Her name was Procris. She was a favorite of Diana, the goddess of hunting,

e and not to leave him miserable, to reproach himself with her death. She opened her feeble eyes, and forced herself to utt

losed the whole mystery: but alas! what advantage to disclose it now! She died; but her face wore a calm expression, and sh

sed a cloud to hide some of his doings that would not bear the light. She brushed away the cloud, and saw her husband on th

gh the day, and at night tied her up with a vile rope round her neck. She would have stretched out her arms to implore free

stretch out, and her voice was a bellow that frightened even herself. She saw her father and her sisters, went near them, a

er reached her a tuft of grass, and she licked the outstretched hand. She longed to make herself known to him, and would ha

se, Pan met her, told her just this, and added more of the same sort. She ran away, without stopping to hear his compliment

y remain to this day. But the vengeance of Juno was not yet satiated. She sent a gadfly to torment Io, who fled over the wh

gadfly to torment Io, who fled over the whole world from its pursuit. She swam through the Ionian sea, which derived its na

as afraid of the bears. One day a youth espied her as he was hunting. She saw him and recognized him as her own son, now gr

She saw him and recognized him as her own son, now grown a young man. She stopped and felt inclined to embrace him. As she

fit to drink. Latona was so angry that she ceased to mind her thirst. She no longer supplicated the clowns, but lifting her

leaves and dry bark, and with her scanty breath blew it into a flame. She brought out of a corner split sticks and dry bran

apron with them, when Pluto saw her, loved her, and carried her off. She screamed for help to her mother and companions; a

d was heavy, and begged her to come into his cottage, such as it was. She declined, and he urged her. “Go in peace,” she re

t his only son, a little boy, lay very sick, feverish, and sleepless. She stooped and gathered some poppies. As they entere

I passed through the lower parts of the earth, I saw your Proserpine. She was sad, but no longer showing alarm in her count

ds heaven, and hastened to present herself before the throne of Jove. She told the story of her bereavement, and implored J

ew up, she taught him the use of the plough, and how to sow the seed. She took him in her chariot, drawn by winged dragons,

too well; so she turned all her wrath against her rival, poor Scylla. She took plants of poisonous powers and mixed them to

have hastened from the spot, but found her feet rooted to the ground. She tried to pull them away, but moved nothing but he

ked on at the sad fate of her sister, and could render no assistance. She embraced the growing trunk, as if she would hold

er the vital heat.   Keats, in Endymion, alludes to Dryope thus: — “ She took a lute from which there pulsing came A livel

one day with her boy Cupid, wounded her bosom with one of his arrows. She pushed him away, but the wound was deeper than sh

ght. Before it healed she beheld Adonis, and was captivated with him. She no longer took any interest in her favorite resor

r favorite resorts — Paphos, and Cnidos, and Amathos, rich in metals. She absented herself even from heaven, for Adonis was

was dearer to her than heaven. Him she followed and bore him company. She who used to love to recline in the shade, with no

lear of the wolves and bears, reeking with the slaughter of the herd. She charged Adonis, too, to beware of such dangerous

feel easy in the absence of Halcyone? Would you rather have me away?” She also endeavored to discourage him, by describing

es, and saw her husband standing on the deck, waving his hand to her. She answered his signal till the vessel had receded s

d leaning on his arm, enquired her errand, — for he knew who she was. She answered, “Somnus, gentlest of the gods, tranquil

. When she found him not, she smote her breast and rent her garments. She cares not to unbind her hair, but tears it wildly

words, and these were broken with tears and sobs. It was now morning. She went to the sea shore, and sought the spot where

ucted to break the assaults of the sea, and stem its violent ingress. She leaped upon this barrier and (it was wonderful sh

d no one excelled her in love of the garden and the culture of fruit. She cared not for forests and rivers, but loved the c

sert therein a graft, making the branch adopt a nursling not its own. She took care, too, that her favorites should not suf

ursuit, her passion; and she was free from that which Venus inspires. She was not without fear of the country people, and k

woman, her gray hair surmounted with a cap, and a staff in her hand. She entered the garden and admired the fruit. “It doe

ear,” she said, and kissed her, not exactly with an old woman’s kiss. She sat down on a bank, and looked up at the branches

Opposite was an elm entwined with a vine loaded with swelling grapes. She praised the tree and its associated vine, equally

er threshold, and uttered his complaints to the cruel bolts and bars. She was deafer than the surges which rise in the Nove

m the German forges, or a rock that still clings to its native cliff. She mocked and laughed at him, adding cruel words to

im and carried him home to his mother, for his father was not living. She received the dead body of her son, and folded the

s own nature, and rouses and provokes him yet more by her complaints. She points out Psyche to him and says, “My dear son,

round and beheld near by a pleasant grove of tall and stately trees. She entered it, and in the midst discovered a fountai

n the lute, and all closed in the wonderful harmony of a full chorus. She had not yet seen her destined husband. He came on

ut his accents were full of love, and inspired a like passion in her. She often begged him to stay and let her behold him,

self in the open field not far from the city where her sisters dwelt. She repaired thither and told them the whole story of

ps my love, my lord, inhabits there,” and directed her steps thither. She had no sooner entered than she saw heaps of corn,

and taking heed to her ways travelled safely to the kingdom of Pluto. She was admitted to the palace of Proserpine, and wit

wells the brooding dove,     The painted valley, and the scented air, She heard far echoes of the voice of Love,     And fo

now dust and ashes! A plague sent by angry Juno devastated the land. She hated it because it bore the name of one of her h

s hardly mistress of herself; she was almost frantic with admiration. She envied the weapon that he grasped, the reins that

ation. She envied the weapon that he grasped, the reins that he held. She felt as if she could, if it were possible, go to

easoned night came on, and soon the whole palace was buried in sleep. She entered her father’s bedchamber and cut off the f

fatal lock; then passed out of the city and entered the enemy’s camp. She demanded to be led to the king, and thus addresse

ere the purple lock! With this I give you my father and his kingdom.” She held out her hand with the fatal spoil. Minos shr

of the woods and hills, where she devoted herself to woodland sports. She was a favorite of Diana, and attended her in the

issus, a beautiful youth, as he pursued the chase upon the mountains. She loved him, and followed his footsteps. O how she

oftest accents, and win him to converse! but it was not in her power. She waited with impatience for him to speak first, an

s vigor, and the beauty which formerly had so charmed the nymph Echo. She kept near him, however, and when he exclaimed, “A

ludes to the story of Echo and Narcissus in the Lady’s song in Comus. She is seeking her brothers in the forest, and sings

ither food nor drink, her own tears and the chilly dew her only food. She gazed on the sun when he rose, and as he passed t

. Minerva, the goddess of wisdom, was the daughter of Jupiter. She was said to have leaped forth from his brain, mat

d to have leaped forth from his brain, mature, and in complete armor. She presided over the useful and ornamental arts, bot

avigation — and those of women, — spinning, weaving, and needle-work. She was also a warlike divinity; but it was defensive

eaten I will pay the penalty.” Minerva heard this and was displeased. She assumed the form of an old woman and went and gav

afraid of the goddess; let her try her skill, if she dare venture.” “ She comes,” said Minerva; and dropping her disguise s

and all the bystanders paid reverence. Arachne alone was unterrified. She blushed, indeed; a sudden color dyed her cheek, a

naturally was it wrought, and so natural the water in which it swam. She seemed to look with longing eyes back upon the sh

on the shore she was leaving, and to call to her companions for help. She appeared to shudder with terror at the sight of t

inerva could not forbear to admire, yet felt indignant at the insult. She struck the web with her shuttle and rent it in pi

ouched the forehead of Arachne and made her feel her guilt and shame. She could not endure it and went and hanged herself.

ontinue to hang, both you and your descendants, to all future times.” She sprinkled her with the juices of aconite, and imm

when Arachne saw, as overlaid And mastered with workmanship so rare, She stood astonied long, ne aught gainsaid; And with

d to learn the lesson of humility. It was Niobe, the queen of Thebes. She had indeed much to be proud of; but it was not he

gems, and her aspect beautiful as the face of an angry woman can be. She stood and surveyed the people with haughty looks.

dance is my security. I feel myself too strong for Fortune to subdue. She may take from me much; I shall still have much le

I shall be deprived of my worship altogether unless you protect me.” She was proceeding in this strain, but Apollo interru

the attendants soon made Niobe acquainted with what had taken place. She could hardly think it possible; she was indignant

ugh the city, the envy of her friends, now the pity even of her foes! She knelt over the lifeless bodies, and kissed now on

e bow sounded and struck terror into all hearts except Niobe’s alone. She was brave from excess of grief. The sisters stood

life. Her neck bent not, her arms made no gesture, her foot no step. She was changed to stone, within and without. Yet tea

onquest of Medusa, a terrible monster who had laid waste the country. She was once a beautiful maiden whose hair was her ch

her charms and changed her beautiful ringlets into hissing serpents. She became a cruel monster of so frightful an aspect

he virgin chained to a rock, and waiting the approach of the serpent. She was so pale and motionless that if it had not bee

the earth, by whose power plants potent for enchantment are produced. She invoked the gods of the woods and caverns, of mou

sently a chariot descended through the air, drawn by flying serpents. She ascended it, and borne aloft made her way to dist

palace nor under any roof, and shunned all intercourse with mortals. She next erected two altars, the one to Hecate, the o

and sacrificathed a black sheep, pouring libations of milk and wine. She implored Pluto and his stolen bride that they wou

oonlight, a screech owl’s head and wings, and the entrails of a wolf. She added fragments of the shells of tortoises, and t

tion. But Medea prepared her caldron for him in a very different way. She put in only water and a few simple herbs. In the

iscovered her treachery, or their vengeance would have been terrible. She escaped, however, but had little enjoyment of the

o much, wishing to marry Creusa, princess of Corinth, put away Medea. She , enraged at his ingratitude, called on the gods f

ictory of her son, the bodies of her murdered brothers met her sight. She shrieks, and beats her breast, and hastens to cha

he threw down one of the golden apples. The virgin was all amazement. She stopped to pick it up. Hippomenes shot ahead. Sho

pick it up. Hippomenes shot ahead. Shouts burst forth from all sides. She redoubled her efforts, and soon overtook him. Aga

edoubled her efforts, and soon overtook him. Again he threw an apple. She stopped again, but again came up with him. The go

id he, “prosper your gift!” and threw the last apple off at one side. She looked at it, and hesitated; Venus impelled her t

looked at it, and hesitated; Venus impelled her to turn aside for it. She did so, and was vanquished. The youth carried off

ue honor to Venus; and the goddess was provoked at their ingratitude. She caused them to give offence to Cybele. That power

o Cybele. That powerful goddess was not to be insulted with impunity. She took from them their human form and turned them i

e is the Latin name of the goddess called by the Greeks Rhea and Ops. She was the wife of Cronos and mother of Zeus. In wor

lions at her side, at other times riding in a chariot drawn by lions. She wears a mural crown, that is, a crown whose rim i

island in the Adriatic Sea, borrows an illustration from Cybele: — “ She looks a sea-Cybele fresh from ocean, Rising with

by mortal mothers, she declared war against Hercules from his birth. She sent two serpents to destroy him as he lay in his

me deeply enamored of Theseus, by whom her love was readily returned. She furnished him with a sword, with which to encount

es and virtues of his father, and of an age corresponding to her own. She loved him, but he repulsed her advances, and her

him, but he repulsed her advances, and her love was changed to hate. She used her influence over her infatuated husband to

e matter beyond a doubt.” Semele was persuaded to try the experiment. She asks a favor, without naming what it is. Jove giv

mortal frame could not endure the splendors of the immortal radiance. She was consumed to ashes. Jove took the infant Bacch

lad in garments of mourning, and invoked punishment upon Erisichthon. She nodded her assent, and as she bowed her head the

d her head the grain ripe for harvest in the laden fields bowed also. She planned a punishment so dire that one would pity

thon, entered the bedchamber of the guilty man, and found him asleep. She enfolded him with her wings and breathed herself

daughter left, a daughter worthy of a better parent. Her too he sold. She scorned to be the slave of a purchaser and as she

y your luck be good and not a fish nibble at your hook and get away.” She perceived that her prayer was answered and rejoic

d and rejoiced inwardly at hearing herself inquired of about herself. She replied, “Pardon me, stranger, but I have been so

ld. Rhœcus boldly asked her love and the nymph yielded to his desire. She at the same time charged him to be constant and t

about his path. Amphitrite. Amphitrite was the wife of Neptune. She was the daughter of Nereus and Doris, and the mot

f filial and sisterly fidelity as was Alcestis of connubial devotion. She was the daughter of Œdipus and Jocasta, who with

ermined to brave the hazard, and to bury the body with her own hands. She was detected in the act, and Creon gave orders th

e beauties were rather those of character and conduct than of person. She was the daughter of Icarius, a Spartan prince. Ul

on of a robe for the funeral canopy of Laertes, her husband’s father. She pledged herself to make her choice among the suit

rd Aristæus, who was struck with her beauty and made advances to her. She fled, and in flying trod upon a snake in the gras

all are destined to you and sooner or later must pass to your domain. She too, when she shall have filled her term of life,

ne could not resist, and Pluto himself gave way. Eurydice was called. She came from among the new-arrived ghosts, limping w

hœbe, hunting in a grove, First saw the boy Endymion, from whose eyes She took eternal fire that never dies; How she convey

s. Her greatest favorite was Tithonus, son of Laomedon, king of Troy. She stole him away, and prevailed on Jupiter to grant

Scylla was a fair virgin of Sicily, a favorite of the Sea-Nymphs. She had many suitors, but repelled them all, and woul

very woman whom Venus had destined for Paris, the fairest of her sex. She had been sought as a bride by numerous suitors, a

y would defend her from all injury and avenge her cause if necessary. She chose Menelaus, and was living with him happily w

oy if he went on the expedition, she endeavored to prevent his going. She sent him away to the court of King Lycomedes, and

, the mother of Achilles, warmly resented the injury done to her son. She repaired immediately to Jove’s palace and besough

ocean where she abode, and she hastened to him to inquire the cause. She found him overwhelmed with self-reproach that he

st. He consented, and Thetis immediately repaired to Vulcan’s palace. She found him busy at his forge making tripods for hi

s and Diomed entered the city in disguise to carry off the Palladium. She saw and recognized Ulysses, but kept the secret a

ead, body, voice, and bristles,” yet with their intellects as before. She shut them in her sties and supplied them with aco

ing, drew his sword and rushed upon her with fury in his countenance. She fell on her knees and begged for mercy. He dictat

ing to dismiss them all in safety after hospitably entertaining them. She was as good as her word. The men were restored to

nce a beautiful maiden and was changed into a snaky monster by Circe. She dwelt in a cave high up on the cliff, from whence

lypso with much reluctance proceeded to obey the commands of Jupiter. She supplied Ulysses with the means of constructing a

father’s hospitality when he should become acquainted with the facts. She called back her scattered maidens, chiding their

om it was a duty to cherish, for the poor and stranger are from Jove. She bade them bring food and clothing, for some of he

nwhile, her son had grown up, and was able to manage his own affairs. She therefore consented to submit the question of her

nt birds, first slaughter our cattle and then make war on ourselves?” She then predicted dire sufferings to them in their f

harmed with his discourse and filled with admiration of his exploits. She conceived an ardent passion for him, and he for h

nd Diana. While Æneas contemplated the scene, the Sibyl accosted him. She seemed to know his errand, and under the influenc

erils through which he was destined to make his way to final success. She closed with the encouraging words which have beco

d return to the upper air, that is the toil, that the difficulty.” 26 She instructed him to seek in the forest a tree on wh

Now,” said the Sibyl, “summon up your courage, for you will need it.” She descended into the cave, and Æneas followed. Befo

, wondering at the sight, asked the Sibyl, “Why this discrimination?” She answered, “Those who are taken on board the bark

you so dear. Stop, I beseech you, and refuse me not a last farewell.” She stood for a moment with averted countenance, and

saw the boy Iulus and his companions amusing themselves with hunting. She sharpened the scent of the dogs, and led them to

ger, and the javelin of Aruns struck her and inflicted a fatal wound. She fell and breathed her last in the arms of her att

fice it was to inhale the hallowed air, and who was named the Pythia. She was prepared for this duty by previous ablution a

the earth. His sister Freya is the most propitious of the goddesses. She loves music, spring, and flowers, and is particul

pring, and flowers, and is particularly fond of the Elves, (fairies.) She is very fond of love ditties, and all lovers woul

re her bed, and Burning-anguish forms the hangings of her apartments. She may easily be recognized, for her body is half fl

t old crone, my nurse Elli, and let Thor wrestle with her if he will. She has thrown to the ground many a man not less stro

gerbode, a giantess, mother of Fenris, Hela, and the Midgard serpent. She was dead, and Odin was forced to seek her in Hela

quired of her if she knew what the gods were doing at their meetings. She replied that they were throwing darts and stones

Hermod, “to seek Baldur. Hast thou perchance seen him pass this way?” She replied, “Baldur hath ridden over Gyoll’s bridge,

lation Virgo — the Virgin. Themis (Justice) was the mother of Astræa. She is represented as holding aloft a pair of scales,

ght splendor of night, so Hecate represents its darkness and terrors. She was the goddess of sorcery and witchcraft, and wa

herself. Though Venus was a goddess, she was just like a silly woman. She was the most beautiful of all goddesses, and if a

g the grass at her feet, and at the same time she was singing a song. She looked very happy, as she drew the flowers one by

might be well not to tell his mother of his intention to disobey her. She might, perhaps, employ some other minister of her

overlooks the sea; there we shall find the beautiful princess Psyche. She is alone in that bleak and solitary spot. It is t

on the promontory where Psyche was, and approached the maiden unseen. She was reclining beneath a huge rock, and gazing pen

f flowers, and at the extremity of the garden stood a stately palace. She instantly rose, and proceeding to the palace, ent

palace. She instantly rose, and proceeding to the palace, entered it. She walked from room to room, but could see no living

of golden curls, and the ruby lips looked like a half opened flower. She was struck with admiration as she saw revealed to

struck with admiration as she saw revealed to her this lovely object. She could hardly believe her own eyes; but in her del

he stream heard her, and as she plunged into the waves he upheld her. She became senseless when the waters closed round her

ever provoked with Psyche, and was determined to punish her severely. She sent for Mercury, who does the messages of all th

e people to divide their fields, to sow seeds, and to reap the wheat. She had invented and given to them the plough and the

eat mercy from the good gods.” Then she bent her steps to the temple. She entered the precincts, a small space enclosed aro

g, and under the portico which formed the front, she saw the goddess. She was a tall venerable figure, her head was crowned

th wheat sheaves, and a long robe in graceful folds covered her form. She was looking at the scene before her, and so benig

relent, and she resolved to throw herself at the feet of the goddess. She proceeded to a shrine of the goddess, and there i

d Psyche protested to her, that she had never designed to offend her. She had, it was true, for a moment, harboured the tho

use herself — she was sincerely sorry, but she begged to be forgiven. She begged to be restored to that beloved being of wh

ed to be restored to that beloved being of whom she was now deprived. She was an outcast and a wanderer: none pitied nor wo

She was an outcast and a wanderer: none pitied nor would relieve her. She might be very happy if she could reconcile a godd

a goddess who, she knew, was the most beautiful among the immortals. She hoped she might receive pardon and favour from he

ds persecuted, mortals could not save her; when Venus again appeared. She struck Psyche several blows, and turned her into

Cupid declared that Psyche was worthy of a place among the immortals. She had been tried by many sorrows and much persecuti

Ann. And who was the malignant Venus that persecuted Psyche. Mother. She was perhaps some king’s daughter; the most beauti

is, the souls of dead men. Ann. How came Proserpine there? Mother. She was Pluto’s queen. Ann. Who was that grim ferrym

to eat; but Ceres taught them agriculture, and gave them fruit trees. She dwelt herself near the delightful plain of Enna,

nt appearance, it could be no other than the lord of the world below. She shrieked out in her alarm, “’Tis he, ’tis he: he

r awaited her. Where to look for her, the distracted mother knew not. She went to all the places in which she knew that Pro

ent to all the places in which she knew that Proserpine took delight. She saw in Enna a fountain, whose waters made a mourn

s, she cannot be restored to you. But why do you wish to recover her? She is wedded to a husband who loves her. He is a kin

a for my supper. Look at that greedy woman, who has just come hither. She will eat up all that is in the cauldron, and I sh

ful, when she punished Becubo’s son so severely for so small a fault. She should have remembered his mother’s kindness to h

is mother’s kindness to herself, and excused the little boy. Mother. She might have reproved him gently, and that would ha

er, Philomela. Progne lived happily enough in Thrace for a few years. She had a little boy, whom she named Itys, and she lo

ther?” Progne was easily persuaded to submit to her husband’s wishes. She was a dutiful wife, and did not set up her own wi

She was a dutiful wife, and did not set up her own will against his. She readily consented to stay at home, while Tereus w

er husband returned without Philomela, and eagerly inquired for her. “ She died on the passage, and we threw her into the se

woman that she wanted a piece of cloth, and materials for embroidery She pitied the poor young creature, alone and route a

n engaging the Bacchantes to aid her in the liberation of her sister. She intended to clothe herself in deer skin, the atti

in, the attire of the Bacchantes, and to go with them into the woods. She designed, when they should be running about in th

Philomela to cease from weeping, and to go with her to her own house. She next turned to the Bacchantes, who stood around w

; and after they were cleaned, she wiped them dry with her own hands. She next spread soft flexible willow branches on the

ale sing; have you? Mother. The nightingale is not known in America. She has been celebrated in all ages. She is a native

tingale is not known in America. She has been celebrated in all ages. She is a native of the southern countries of Europe,

e of the southern countries of Europe, and it may be of Western Asia. She is called in poetry, Philomela, from that fable y

nd a path    Through the sad heart of Ruth, when sick for home,        She stood in tears amid the alien corn. Mercury a

d this conversation, and she detested this mean proposal of Aglauria. She knew it displeased Aglauria, that her sister shou

ithdrew instantly from the room. What was become of him she knew not. She supposed he might be gone to torment Herse. Herse

touch, changed her position, and slept again, and again she dreamed. She beheld the same youth, who had presented the veil

. Aglauria then took her way to the garden, which was near the house. She thought she could meditate there without interrup

hat she pined away, till nothing could be found of her but her voice. She still inhabits woods and solitary places, and alw

Cadmus so much afflicted, and she soon counselled him how to proceed. She commanded him to sow the earth with the teeth of

ed improperly in Minerva’s temple. Minerva was the goddess of wisdom. She required all worshippers to offer her serious, re

evoured by a sea monster. Andromeda’s mother was a vain, silly woman. She boasted of her own beauty, and said that she was

to the foot of the rock, when Perseus alighted upon the verge above. She clasped her hands, and looked upward, as if to im

ppease the angry Neptune. Perseus heard her with tenderness and pity. She concluded by saying, “The monster will come hithe

concluded by saying, “The monster will come hither at noon, and then” She could not say more, but burst into tears. Perseus

who once attempted to dethrone our father Jupiter, and all the gods. “ She sung that the giants were great and brave; they d

to man she gave the plough and the spade, the scythe and the sickle. She taught him the seasons of seed-time and harvest;

r, Pluto, who ruled the underworld; and Ceres was one of his sisters. She was the stately and beautiful goddess who made th

like mad across the fields. Then, indeed, Proserpina was frightened. She shrieked and called for her mother, but Ceres was

parkling gold and jewels. But Proserpina was afraid of his dark face. She kept weeping, and would not be comforted. All thi

here one of the poor little nymphs lay weeping for her lost playmate. She was terrified as she heard the footsteps of the g

o more. When Ceres heard that, her face grew very stern and terrible. She set out at once to find her child and to punish h

as already faded. The world soon grew dark, but Ceres would not rest. She took two great pine trees, bound them together, a

ssed, and another, and another; still Ceres could not find her child. She traveled over the earth from end to end, in vain.

ve the surface. “Have you seen my daughter, Proserpina?” asked Ceres. She had asked that question many, many times, in vain

es, maiden, and all. “And to-day, in the underworld, I saw her again. She was seated upon a great black throne, beside the

you will do!” When she had said this, Ceres turned and left Olympus. She went back to the earth and sat silent and alone,

they have their beautiful queen in their midst. Persephone. She stepped upon Sicilian grass,    Demeter’s daughte

What ailed the meadow that it shook?    What ailed the air of Sicily? She wondered by the brattling brook    And trembled w

e thou, dear heart, were reft from me —    Persephone — Persephone!” She reigns upon her dusky throne,    ’Mid shades of h

lone,    Persephone — Persephone!    Or seated on the Elysian hill     She dreams of earthly daylight still,    And murmurs

er’s daughter, wouldst away?”    The gates of Hades set her free;    “ She will return full soon,” saith he —    “My wife, m

wife should love her destiny: They part, and yet, as legends tell,     She mourns her lost Persephone;    While chant the ma

little — just enough to look in — there could be no great harm done. She wanted only a glimpse. She would close it again s

ok in — there could be no great harm done. She wanted only a glimpse. She would close it again so quickly that nothing coul

s as fair as the moon on a summer evening, she had never had a lover. She worshipped Diana, the goddess of maidenhood and h

orld can give. Do but stop and hear me.” But Daphne would not listen. She fled only the more swiftly, and Apollo, with all

re.” Apollo also had seen the river, and he thought, “Now I have her.  She can flee no further.” As he came out upon the

of inhabitants. “I pray you, let her go,” he sang to the dark ruler. “ She will come back at the end of her life. You do but

e snakes and dropped them dead to the floor. Alcmena gazed in wonder. She was even a little afraid, for it was clear that h

a little afraid, for it was clear that her son was no ordinary baby. She sent for the aged seer Tiresias, and asked him wh

piness is as if strewn with roses.” Then the other goddess drew near. She was taller than Happiness, and even fairer to loo

eauty of her face had a nobleness and strength that Happiness lacked. She read the thought of Hercules, and in a voice full

d for the love she bore her husband she offered her own life for his. She vowed that she would rather die than be spared, i

that she would rather die than be spared, if he were taken from her. She thought of his people, too, and prayed that Admet

e, while Death fled like a shadow before the sun. Alcestis was saved. She lay upon the ground, breathing and warm. In a few

ver her face, however, and did not at first tell Admetus who she was. She herself spoke never a word, for 'the shadow of de

uto was alarmed. At last, the ancient goddess Earth raised her voice. She it was who suffered most, and in her suffering sh

Upon the sand sat a woman in purest white, with a child in her arms. She was so beautiful as she sat there with the sunlig

ut the other Gorgon, Medusa, was walking to and fro, moaning in pain. She was like a fair woman, but, instead of hair, a ma

s felt his blood grow chill. “Will he never come?” Medusa was saying. She knew that some day a hero would come to put an en

d. His eyes were always on beautiful Ariadne, and well they might be. She was as lovely as the myrtle that blooms along the

l Ariadne. Suddenly the door opened and in came the princess herself. She had not been able to rest since she had seen Thes

bling outside the door, heard the cry and knew that her hero had won. She was timid now, and wished to flee and escape him,

e it to me, and you shall have the most beautiful woman in the world. She lives now far across the waters, but she shall be

th to die, but Cassandra, the prophet-daughter of the king,, knew it. She rose up among the children of Priam and cried out

n, Thetis, the goddess mother of Achilles, heard the sounds of grief. She rose in haste through the waters and came and sat

ns because of the choice of Paris, came down and stood beside Hector. She took the form of Deiphobus, Hector’s brother, and

y Cassandra, the prophetess, daughter of King Priam, knew the danger. She stood upon the wall weeping and lamenting, but no

hobus to look at the horse, and a strange thought came into her mind. She went near the horse and called by name the Grecia

lled by name the Grecian heroes, imitating the voices of their wives. She called Agamemnon and Ulysses and Diomed and Antic

ide, to dwell with me. Immortal pleasures wait for thee. Come, come!” She heard but that one call,    Not “Troy must fall.”

ed her brow.    Prophetic power came at his call — Ah I what is this? She sees it now:    “Troy, Troy shall fall!” The god

the wrong. Send Helen back.    Save us from war and soldiers’ brawl” She said. “Ye will not hear. Alack!    Troy-town must

were opened by a woman so beautiful that they knew she was a goddess. She invited them to enter, and all followed her, exce

’ thoughts were only of his home and wife and child, she let them go. She gave Ulysses much advice about the voyage. “But a

after year she kept him by her, hoping that he would forget his home. She even promised to make him immortal, if he would b

was but a child, and the rule of the island fell upon Queen Penelope. She waited patiently, hoping always to see her husban

began to be thought that he was dead. Then Penelope had new sorrows. She was very wise and queenly and beautiful, and a cr

servants betrayed her, and she was obliged to set about finishing it. She still hoped, for Ulysses might return before the

n order that you may make your plans in safety, I will disguise you.” She shriveled him up and bowed him down and put a rag

ning was far spent, Penelope carried out a plan which she had formed. She went up into her husband’s armory and got his gre

oved, Euryclea, the aged nurse, went to bear the tidings to Penelope. She found her asleep. “Awake, Penelope!” she cried. “

Ulysses, seated by a pillar. Penelope looked at him long in silence. She could not believe that it was he. “Son,” said Uly

on,” said Ulysses, “let us leave her to her own thoughts for a while. She will know me when I have put off these rags.” The

ame in, he spoke to Penelope of a thing long past. Then she knew him. She ran to him and put her arms about him and shed te

nted with a writing-tablet and pencil, or with a scroll or parchment. She was the inspirer of epic (narrative) poetry. Cal

o was absent from home twenty years and supposed to be dead, 28, 236. She put off the suitors by the stratagem of the robe

n by Apollo, 58. Scyl΄la, 231. Monster with six heads on long necks. She was opposite Charybdis in the narrow strait betwe

Roman, Tellus or Terra; Hindu, Prithivi; Samothrace*, Great Goddess. She was also called Titania*. Uranus, fearing that hi

er of Chaos, and sister of Erebus, to whom she bore Hemera and Æther. She is said then to have produced without a sire Mœræ

a water-nymph, and in love with the Sun-god, who made her no return. She pined away, nine days she sat on the ground and t

y, nine days she sat on the ground and tasted neither food nor drink. She gazed on the sun when he rose, and as he passed t

was daughter of Hyperion and Thea, and a sister of Helios and Selene. She was first married to Astræus, by whom she became

cal way of intimating the fact that the wind generally rises at dawn. She was also mother of Eosphorus* (dawn-bearer) and o

s also mother of Eosphorus* (dawn-bearer) and of the Stars of Heaven. She afterwards became united to Tithonus*, son of Lao

a personification not merely of the rosy morn, but also of twilight. She is described by the poets as a beautiful maiden w

okes her two horses, Lampetus* and Phaethon, to her glorious chariot. She then hastens with cheerfulness to open the gates

a, represented the moon. The name signifies wanderer among the stars. She was supposed to drive her chariot across the sky

Hecate was originally a moon-goddess worshiped by the Thracians*. She was the daughter of Perses* and Asteria, and her

d as having power in the lower world, with Persephone* (Proserpine*). She was believed to wander by night over the earth, s

t up at Athens and elsewhere, in the market-places and at crossroads. She was believed to preside over witchcraft and encha

e two roads cross, and lonely spots where murders had been committed. She was supposed to be connected with the appearance

garded as the Great Mother, and unceasing producer of all plant-life. She was also believed to exercise unbounded sway over

lly expressed this process of nature under the figure of a lost love. She was said to have been tenderly attached to a yout

In Rome, the Greek Rhea was identified with Ops, the wife of Saturn. She was called Magna Mater, also Dindymene*. This lat

 205, in obedience to an injunction contained in the Sibylline books. She was represented as a matron crowned with towers,

s* (Diana). Hera* (Juno) was recognized as his only legitimate queen. She was the mother of Ares* (Mars), Hephæstus* (Vulca

the beautiful daughter of Agenor* (king of Phœnicia) and Telephassa*. She was one day gathering flowers with her companions

d-spreading light, born in the Phœnician, or purple land of the dawn. She is the child of Telephassa, — the being who shine

s and Rhea, was believed to have been educated by Oceanus and Tethys. She seems, originally, to have personified the air (t

ocks generally sit by her, and a cuckoo often perches on her sceptre. She is sometimes represented as carried through the a

ter (from Ge-meter, earth-mother) was a daughter of Chronos and Rhea. She was the goddess of agriculture, and represented t

tive powers. The thriving of the crops was ascribed to her influence. She was regarded as the patroness of all those arts w

nters and shepherds, and brought into subjection to law and morality. She thus becomes that “bountiful daughter of Heaven”

The goddess consented, and was kindly received m the house of Celeus. She became so fond of the child that she resolved to

f porridge, when weary and faint in the vain search for her daughter. She angrily threw into his face the remainder of the

; in other representations she stands erect, and always fully draped. She bears a sheaf of wheat-ears in one hand and a lig

orld. The Athenians preferred to call her by her mystic name of Cora. She embodied two distinct conceptions. On the one han

reat commotion both on sea and land announced the event to the world. She is also the goddess of wisdom, and as such is the

wn-destroying, town-protecting, unwearied, invincible, people-rouser. She was called Hippea*, because she taught mankind to

Vesta*; Egyptian, Anouka. Hestia was a daughter of Chronos and Rhea. She was the goddess of the hearth, of the fire on it,

hed land on the island of Cyprus, which was henceforth sacred to her. She was probably a personification of the creative an

auty and love. Aphrodite was the most beautiful of all the goddesses. She possessed a magic girdle called the cestus, which

to her. Annual festivals, called Veneralia*, were held in her honor. She was worshiped as Venus Cloacina* (the purifier).

he was the daughter of a king, and was the youngest of three sisters. She was so beautiful that people neglected the worshi

with a lighted lamp to solve the mystery of her husband’s appearance. She beheld the marvelous beauty of Eros, but while sh

assandra*, a daughter of Priam*, king of Troy, was beloved by Apollo. She promised to marry him if he would confer upon her

Artemis was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and twin-sister of Apollo. She was a moon-goddess, and also presided over huntin

d animals, she is also able to alleviate suffering and cure diseases. She devoted herself to the chase. When it was ended,

other Orestes, brought the image of the goddess to Brauron in Attica. She was then known as the Brauronian Artemis. The mos

d as a youthful and slender maiden, taller than her attendant nymphs. She wears a short robe, and her feet are covered with

ymphs. She wears a short robe, and her feet are covered with buskins. She has a quiver of arrows slung over her shoulder, a

of song for the same offence. Calliope* was the Muse of epic poetry. She holds in her hand a roll of parchment or a trumpe

and a roll of parchment or a trumpet. Clio* was the Muse of history. She holds a half-opened scroll. Melpomene* was the M

She holds a half-opened scroll. Melpomene* was the Muse of tragedy. She leans on a club and holds a tragic mask. Euterpe

club and holds a tragic mask. Euterpe* was the Muse of lyric poetry. She holds in her hand a double flute. Erato* was the

double flute. Erato* was the Muse of hymeneal songs and lovepoetry. She plays on a nine-stringed lyre. Terpsichore* was

e-stringed lyre. Terpsichore* was the Muse of choral dance and song. She appears dancing and holding a seven-stringed lyre

nd holding a seven-stringed lyre. Urania* was the Muse of astronomy. She holds in one hand a globe, and in the other a wan

nd a globe, and in the other a wand. Thalia* was the Muse of comedy. She carries in her right hand a shepherd’s crook, and

side her. Polyhymnia* was the Muse of eloquence and of sacred hymns. She is always represented in a thoughtful attitude, a

resented in a thoughtful attitude, and entirely enveloped in drapery. She is crowned with a wreath of laurel. The Sirens

inhabited. The most celebrated among them was the Bœotian nymph Echo. She loved the beautiful youth Narcissus*; and, findin

Ganymedes*. After the deification of Heracles, Hebe became his wife. She is represented pouring nectar from an upraised ve

the Romans, but they honored in her the unfading vigor of the State. She had a separate chapel in the temple of Jupiter Ca

to merit. Eventually, she was regarded only as the avenging goddess. She is represented as a beautiful woman, wearing a di

aring a diadem, and bearing in her hand a rudder, balance, and cubit. She is also sometimes seen with a wheel, to symbolize

Tyche* (Fortuna*). Tyche* personified the fluctuations of fortune. She was worshiped by the Romans under the name of For

houses were adorned with flowers, and wreaths were worn in the hair. She is represented as a beautiful girl crowned with f

n her sentiments that, when he resumed his own form, she married him. She is represented as a lovely maiden laden with bran

escaped, and men have ever since been tormented by disease and care. She closed the jar in time to prevent the escape of H

ing her marriage presents, into which each god had put some blessing. She opened the box incautiously and the blessings all

persecuted by Hera for having taken care of Dionysus in his infancy. She was married to Athamas*, who, seized by a sudden

Harmonia, if she would induce her husband to join in the expedition. She accepted the bribe, and Amphiaraus was compelled

me deeply enamored of Theseus, by whom her love was readily returned. She furnished him with a sword with which to encounte

ytus, but he repulsed her advances, and her love was changed to hate. She used her influence over her husband to cause him

nd she, being jealous of her step-children, resolved to destroy them. She persuaded the women to parch the seed-corn withou

hantress, who had fallen in love with him the instant she beheld him. She promised her assistance in the dangers which thre

ty of rendering any person anointed with it invulnerable for one day. She instructed him to also anoint his spear and shiel

t on board the Argo and warned the heroes of their approachmg danger. She then advised Jason to accompany her without loss

e. During his absence, his wife, Clytemnæstra, had married Ægisthus*. She received Agamemnon with every mark of affection,

riends.” Instead of obeying, he drew his sword and rushed toward her. She fell on her knees and begged for mercy. He dictat

his companions and practise no further sorceries against him or them. She promised to dismiss them all in safety after hosp

Circe instructed them how to pass safely by the coast of the Sirens. She warned him that his future would be beset by many

seer Tiresias, in the realm of Aides, concerning his future destiny. She then loaded his ship with provisions, and relucta

ce a beautiful maiden, and was changed into a snaky monster by Circe. She had six heads, each of which took a man out of ev

nd of Ogygia*. Ogygia was the abode of Calypso*, a daughter of Atlas. She received the hero hospitably, and wished to besto

ng hero, and coming forth he implored the protection of the princess. She gave him food and clothes and directed him to fol

nd desired her maidens to bring the poor mendicant into her presence. She spoke kindly to him, inquiring his name and whenc

all, but refused to recognize in the aged beggar her gallant husband. She determined to test his identity, and commanded th

abode of a famous Sibyl, whom Helenus had directed Æneas to consult. She foretold labors and perils through which he was d

the tree, plucked the branch, and hastened back with it to the Sibyl. She conducted him to a cave near Lake Avernus, and he

harassed Trojans; but the enmity of Hera (Juno) was not yet appeased. She sent the Fury Alecto to the palace of Turnus, wit

camp of the Trojans, where she saw Iulus and his companions hunting. She inspired the dogs with a sudden madness, and led

s, sometimes healthful, sometimes baneful, was both loved and feared. She was especially worshiped as Bubastis*; but her st

sday. The wife of Odin was Frigga*, whose name remains in our Friday. She presided over marriage. Thor 18 was Odin’s eldes

ne in an emergency, the hare gave her permission, and down she dived. She , too, remained long — a whole day and night — and

image of hers fell from heaven into the field of Pessinus in Phrygia. She is represented as seated in a chariot, drawn by l

re, and in the other a key, and wears a crown of turrets on her head. She is sometimes painted with numerous breasts. She i

turrets on her head. She is sometimes painted with numerous breasts. She is usually described as sitting, to intimate the

s, the wife of Cœlus and the mother of Saturn, was the older goddess. She is painted as sitting with a drum, because the ea

d four priestesses, afterwards increased to seven, to attend upon it. She was held in high estimation by the Romans. She ha

en, to attend upon it. She was held in high estimation by the Romans. She had empire over the entrances of houses, (which f

exorable; and she punished his mistresses with unparalleled severity. She persecuted Hercules, the son of Jupiter by Alcmen

as thrust out of the celestial abodes, and broke his leg by the fall. She , therefore, excited sedition among the gods to de

etamorphosed her into a cow. The trick could not deceive the goddess. She imperiously demanded that this cow should be entr

ed as drinking from the goblet. Iris was the usual attendant of Juno. She ascended upon the rainbow, with expanded wings, w

othed in floating robes of beautiful, brilliant, and varying colours. She conveyed the commands of Juno, created dissension

, and released the souls of females struggling in the pangs of death. She was the personification of the rainbow. The worsh

as the most solemn and general of all offered up to pagan divinities. She presided over the finery of women, over marriage,

ous females; no woman of ill fame being allowed to enter her temples. She is described as the “Great Queen of nuptual righ

day of the purification. Inventas, or Inventus, takes care of youth. She is the Hebe of the Greeks. Horta, Hora, or Hersi

ess of rest, and was supposed to be the donor of peace and quietness. She had a temple without the walls of Rome. Meditrin

hipped her, when they put their designs and intrigues into execution. She appears with a head, but no legs, or other limbs.

s, the goddess of agriculture, was the daughter of Saturn and Cybele. She is regarded as the first inventress of the art of

regarded as the first inventress of the art of cultivating the earth. She is said to have repented of the improper demeanor

ine would have afflicted the whole world, had not Pan discovered her. She taught Triptolemus, son of Celeus, king of Attica

ttica, to plough, sow, and reap, to bake bread, and rear fruit trees. She gave him her chariot, drawn by winged dragons, an

Alpheus, the god of the river, in the shape of a man, addressed her. She ran away, but Diana, finding her overwhelmed with

imes which men committed, she returned with the other gods to heaven. She was the last, who left the earth, and retired int

winds. When she rises, the winged hours unbar the gates of the east. She ascends in a golden chariot drawn by white horses

ox and Somnus fly before her. Aurora was not faithful to her husband. She had Memnon and Æmathion by Tithonus, and Phaeton

h worn out with infirm old age that he chose rather to die than live. She metamorphosed him into a grasshopper, which the a

th history. Niobe was the daughter of Tantalus, and sister of Pelops. She married Amphion, by whom she had fourteen childre

ith laurel, held a trumpet in her right hand, and a book in her left. She was thought to be the inventress of the guitar. F

er right hand, and in her left, a plectrum, instead of a fiddlestick. She is often represented writing history. — See Fig. 

ished by a splendid robe, a buskin, a dagger, a sceptre, and a crown. She is usually seen to rest her hand upon the club of

ose and myrtle, and bore in one hand a lyre, and in the other a lute. She inspires light poetry, amorous songs; and her var

in her left hand, with her right hand raised in a speaking attitude. She is painted with a lyre, as being the inventress o

e of celestial blue, and various mathematical instruments around her. She holds a globe in her hand, which is sometimes lai

crown of laurel, a trumpet in her right hand, and books in her left. She presides over heroic poems. By her are generally

om was the daughter of Jupiter and Latona, and twin-sister of Apollo. She was the queen of the woods, and the goddess of hu

f Apollo. She was the queen of the woods, and the goddess of hunting. She devoted herself to perpetual celibacy, and had fo

is, and Tergemina, or the goddess with three forms, was given to her. She was denominated Tisiphone, because married women

form, a more majestic mien, and a taller stature than her followers. She appears as a huntress, lightly clad, with a cresc

her feet, a bow in her hand, and a quiver full of arrows at her back. She is attended by her nymphs, and followed by dogs.

she had a great number of breasts. — See Fig. 21. Fig. 21. Diana. She had two temples of high celebrity; one at Ephesus

rang out, not a child, but a goddess, formed, and in complete armour. She was immediately admitted into the assembly of the

o the assembly of the gods, and became Jupiter’s faithful counsellor. She was the most accomplished of all the goddesses. M

over war. Minerva was the only divinity that seemed equal to Jupiter. She could prolong the lives of men, or hurl the thund

the prayers of his mother, she conferred on him the gift of prophecy. She aided Perseus in killing the Gorgon Medusa, whose

show that wisdom was not invented by man, but has a celestial origin. She comes into the world, completely armed, because t

and by virtue, knows how to contend with vice, and resist misfortune. She is a virgin, because wisdom is not connected with

virgin, because wisdom is not connected with corruption and pleasure. She is unadorned, and her looks are severe, because s

ed, and her looks are severe, because she is not in need of ornament. She shines no more under the splendour of purple, tha

m often delights in meditating during the silence and calm of nights. She is often represented as holding a distaff and bus

he goddess of war, and sister of Mars, was called Enyo by the Greeks. She is represented as preparing the chariot of Mars,

iod says that Victoria was daughter of the Styx by Pallas or Acheron. She assisted Minerva in the fight against the giants.

las or Acheron. She assisted Minerva in the fight against the giants. She had several temples in Greece and at Rome. It was

rising every hour; While scarce the skies her horrid head can bound; She stalks on earth, and shakes the world around; The

licate feet touched the earth, and flowers sprung up under her steps. She was received, and educated by the rozy Hours or S

easons, daughters of Jupiter and Themis, and was conducted to heaven. She had for her retinue Smiles, Graces, and Jests. C

Sir Isaac Newton admitted of but one Venus. He called her Calycopis. She was daughter to Otreus, king of Phrygia. She marr

He called her Calycopis. She was daughter to Otreus, king of Phrygia. She married Thoas, who was surnamed Cinyras, and was

e, elegant and light, in a word, her attitude charming and beautiful. She appears conscious of her worth, like Milton’s Eve

of her worth, like Milton’s Eve, yet bashful and “half withdrawing.” She was girt about the waist with a girdle, called Ce

lestial carpet was damasked with the rose, the myrtle, and the apple. She was attended by beautiful boys, whose faces exhib

, with the Nereides and dolphins, carrying loves, swimming about her. She is frequently painted sitting on a shell, floatin

, which is illustrated by the different views given of her character. She is considered as the model of the female form, an

is considered as the model of the female form, and of blooming youth. She is the daughter of Jupiter; except when figured s

sire of the heart failed with her. The charm of existence was broken. She bitterly repented of being the cause of her lover

phos had its name. Atalanta was daughter to Schœnus, king of Scyros. She was equally virtuous and beautiful, and wonderful

was equally virtuous and beautiful, and wonderfully swift in running. She always shunned male society. She was, however, at

l, and wonderfully swift in running. She always shunned male society. She was, however, at all times, besieged with a train

ones. Scylla was the daughter of Phorcus, or, as some say, of Typhon. She was courted by Glaucus, whom Circe loved with suc

as changed into a daffodil, which plant still bears his name. Echo. “ She was a nymph, though only now a sound; Yet of her

the bottom of the earth discord that she might dwell on its surface. She was the first of his children. In like manner he

a, the goddess of flowers and gardens, was the Chloris of the Greeks. She was married to Zephyrus, who gave her empire over

rried to Zephyrus, who gave her empire over the flowers of the field. She is represented as a beautiful nymph, blessed with

injury. Pomona, the goddess of fruit, was unknown among the Greeks. She lived in celibacy, and constantly employed hersel

growth of her trees. Her regular priest was called Flamen Pomonalis. She appears as a rosy, beautiful, and robust woman, s

Third Jupiter. Proserpine was the queen of hell, and wife of Pluto. She presided over death, so that none could die; unle

ess, or Atropos her minister, cut off one of the hairs from the head. She was universally worshipped by the ancients under

. Nemesis, the daughter of Justice, was the goddess of Vengeance. She rewarded virtue, and punished vice. She is repres

was the goddess of Vengeance. She rewarded virtue, and punished vice. She is represented with a wing, a helmet, and a wheel

with what celebrity she pursues criminals, both by water and by land. She was called Adrastæa, because an altar was first b

Nox, the goddess of the night, was the daughter of Chaos and Erebus. She is described as wearing a veil, bespangled with s

into any form. Mors, the goddess of death, was the daughter of Nox. She was worshipped by the Lacedæmonians with great so

her, because neither prayers nor sacrifices could move or pacify her. She is depicted with a skeleton and a spotted robe, h

they all obeyed, except Hypermnestra, whose husband Lynceus, escaped. She was cited before her father; but the people, sati

, the tail of a serpent, the wings of a bird, and the paws of a lion. She resided in Mount Sphincius in the neighbourhood o

ill herself if one of the enigmas she propounded should be explained. She proposed the following riddle: “What animal is th

at the Sphinx, and married Jocasta whom he knew not to be his mother. She bore two sons, Eteocles and Polynices, and two da

aised a temple to her after the war against Mithridates and Tigranes. She was represented as a queen, seated on a throne, h

had the right to depend upon her. Rome raised to her several temples. She is represented with a horn of plenty, fruits, and

e Fig. 51. Fig. 51. Hope. Eternity had neither temples nor altars. She was painted in the form of a woman, with the insc

the form of a woman, with the inscription of her own name, Eternity. She held in her hand a radiant sun or moon, because e

her hand a radiant sun or moon, because each was considered eternal. She was also represented in the figure of the Phenix,

respect. Truth was deemed the mother of Virtue, and daughter of Time. She was represented as a young virgin, covered with a

ol of plenty, which she procures, and in the other, and the caduceus. She had given her, by some, Venus and the Graces for

f their Liberty as the Romans, could not fail to make her a divinity. She had several temples. She was represented, leaning

mans, could not fail to make her a divinity. She had several temples. She was represented, leaning on a table of laws, havi

qual on both sides, having a sword drawn and a bandage over her eyes. She is seated on a block of stone, ready to prescribe

e, ready to prescribe penalties against crime, and rewards to virtue. She lived during the Golden Age. — See Fig. 59. Fig

is placed on a wheel, which turns swiftly; and the other, in the air. She presided over good and evil. — See Fig. 60. Fig

ose innocent victims, and to raise at the same time a statue to Fear. She was represented with hair standing on end, an ele

hich is thence called the Icarian sea. Ariadne was daughter to Minos. She gave Theseus a clue of thread by which he let him

Ægisthus, at whose instigation she killed Agamemnon when he returned. She would have put her son Orestes to death; but his

late the vows of fidelity which she gave to Ulysses when he departed. She was besieged by a numerous and powerful train of

odesty, and by indulging in the habit of boasting, he provoked Diana. She therefore sent a scorpion, which killed him. He w

of Noah. Lachamee, the goddess of abundance, was the wife of Vishnu. She patronized agricultural labours. She is represent

undance, was the wife of Vishnu. She patronized agricultural labours. She is represented with a twisted cord under her arm

r. Seraswatti, the wife of Brahma, patronizes the arts and sciences. She is represented as holding in her hands the palmir

d as holding in her hands the palmira leaf, and the reed for writing. She is called Durga, because she is considered the se

ere she gathered the acorn which served as nourishment to the Greeks. She constructed at the foot of an oak, a small chapel

ised this ministry. The Pythian was usually taken from a poor family. She must have lived without luxury, and without the l

what he was doing at the very time that his envoy was consulting her. She immediately replied that he was then having a lam

bull? A priestess of Dodona made an answer which became fatal to her. She said to the Bœotians who consulted her: “you will

the order which he prescribes himself in naming them. 1. The Persian. She was called Sambethe; and, in the supposed Sibylli

verses, she accounts herself, daughter-in-law to Noah. 2. The Libyan. She was said to be daughter to Jupiter and Lamia. She

oah. 2. The Libyan. She was said to be daughter to Jupiter and Lamia. She travelled in Claros, Delphi, Samos, and several o

hich gave her the name of Sibyl. 4. The Sibyl of Cumæ, or the Cumæan. She was the most celebrated of all. Mr.  Petit, a lea

with history, gives us concerning this Sibyl. Her name was Deiphobe. She was the daughter of Glaucus, and a priestess of A

, and promised to grant her any request which she should make of him. She desired to live as many years as there were grain

rible voices, which caused the answers of the prophetess to be heard. She was also priestess to Hecate, and the sacred wood

hile asked for them three hundred pieces of gold, which were refused. She then cast three of them into the fire, and persis

h and of the evangelists, makes mention of her intrigues with Apollo. She speaks of Loth, and accounts herself a Christian.

es with Apollo. She speaks of Loth, and accounts herself a Christian. She recommends the worship of the false gods, orders

e. 8. The Hellespontian, born at Marpessus, in Troas, was the eighth. She prophesied in the days of Solon and Crœsus. 9. Th

r, and hastened to embrace him, at the same time calling him her son. She was pardoned this infringement of the law; but fr

s. It was to her that they applied for marriage and happy deliveries. She dispensed pleasure, rest, voluptuousness. Frea sh

arded her husband with modest admiration and affectionate enthusiasm. She brought him Forfete, who was the god of concord,

ies. Her eye is an eternal spring; her neck and cheeks, light itself. She encourages sweet songs, and listens to the prayer

earth. The giant Narfi (darkness) had a daughter named Nott, (night.) She was thrice married. By her husband Nagelfari, (ai

; Elves in secret caves are hiding;     Odin meets the wolf of hell. She must taste a second sorrow,     She who wept when

    Odin meets the wolf of hell. She must taste a second sorrow,      She who wept when Balder bled; Fate demands a nobler

rn. Ops, or Rhea, his wife, succeeded in concealing Jupiter from him. She sent him secretly to Crete where he was educated

lona, the goddess of war, was, according to some, the sister of Mars. She is generally represented as above, but some poets

drunken satyrs follow him. Ques. What was the story of Semele? Ans. She was destroyed by the jealousy of Juno. This godde

the Goddess — Plants held Sacred to her. Ques. Who was Juno? Ans. She was the daughter of Saturn and Ops, and was both

y represented? Ans. As seated in a golden chariot drawn by peacocks. She holds a sceptre in her hand, and is crowned with

unt of her extraordinary beauty, and Jupiter made her his cup-bearer. She offended him by an unlucky fall, and Ganymede was

ede was appointed in her place. Ques. What were Juno’s faults? Ans. She was very jealous, and took the most cruel revenge

d took the most cruel revenge on the mortal woman whom Jupiter loved. She transformed Callisto and her son Arcas into bears

of Minerva — Story of Medusa’s Head. Ques. Who was Minerva? Ans. She was the goddess of wisdom and of war. She had no

ues. Who was Minerva? Ans. She was the goddess of wisdom and of war. She had no mother, but sprang full armed from the hea

Ques. How is Minerva represented? Ans. As clothed in complete armor. She has a golden helmet on her head, holds a lance in

her reputation for skill in embroidery. Ques. Who was Arachne? Ans. She was a maiden of Lydia, who had the presumption to

of the Red Rose — Names of the Graces. Ques. Who was Venus? Ans. She was the goddess of love and beauty. She sprang fr

Ques. Who was Venus? Ans. She was the goddess of love and beauty. She sprang from the froth of the sea; for this reason

d her to the shores of Cyprus. Ques. By whom was she educated? Ans. She was educated and adorned by the Horæ or Hours, wh

ictured as traversing the heavens in an ivory chariot drawn by doves. She wears a wonderful girdle called the Cestus, her d

herself from the importunity of her suitors by a singular expedient. She caused it to be proclaimed that any one who sough

represented by Painters and Sculptors. Ques. Who was Latona? Ans. She was the daughter of Phœbe and Cœus the Titan. Whe

rived, exhausted by heat and fatigue, on the borders of a clear pool. She was about to quench her thirst in the cool waters

her thirst in the cool waters, when some clowns rudely hindered her. She begged them to have compassion, and not deny her

is Death and Obsequies — Vocal Statue. Ques. Who was Aurora? Ans. She was the goddess of the morning and sister of the

s. She was the goddess of the morning and sister of the sun and moon. She is represented as seated in a golden chariot draw

suspicion that she fled from him and joined the attendants of Diana. She was afterwards reconciled to Cephalus, and gave h

her own groundless jealousy. Ques. To whom was Aurora married? Ans. She chose for her husband Tithonus [Titho′nus], the s

Obligations and Privileges — Anecdote. Ques. Who was Vesta? Ans. She was the daughter of Saturn and Ops or Rhea, and w

of Saturn and Ops or Rhea, and was, therefore, the sister of Jupiter. She was considered the guardian of homes and fireside

ouped about her. Ques. What was the character of this goddess? Ans. She was esteemed very holy, and was the patroness of

the Latins, Ops, is considered to be a personification of the earth. She is goddess, not of cities only, but of all things

dess, not of cities only, but of all things which the earth contains. She was the daughter of Cœlum, and the wife of Saturn

represented? Ans. Generally as riding in a chariot, drawn by lions. She wears a turreted crown, and is clothed in a many-

alled Ambarvalia — Described by Virgil. Ques. Who was Ceres? Ans. She was the daughter of Saturn and Ops, and was worsh

lames of Mount Etna, to light her on her search throughout the world. She holds a poppy, because when she was so grieved th

nd, she was kindly entertained by Celeus, king of Eleusis, in Attica. She rewarded his hospitality by taking care of his yo

ther, Meganira, wondered at this, and resolved to discover the cause. She watched Ceres at night, and when she saw her cove

Office — Temple of Nemesis at Rhamnus. Ques. Who was Themis? Ans. She instructed both gods and men, and was generally c

said to have been a Titaness. Ques. Who was Astræa [Astræ′a]? Ans. She was also goddess of justice; according to some, s

nto the constellation Virgo. Ques. Who was Nemesis [Nem′esis]? Ans. She was the daughter of Night, and the goddess of jus

of just vengeance. It was her office to follow and punish guilty men. She had wings, but generally went on foot, which sign

r hand a roll of parchment, or a trumpet. Clio presided over history. She holds a half opened scroll. Melpomene [Melpo′mene

a half opened scroll. Melpomene [Melpo′mene] was the Muse of tragedy. She leans on a club, and holds a tragic mask. Euterpe

d holds a tragic mask. Euterpe [Euter′pe] was the patroness of music. She holds two flutes. Erato [Er′ato] inspired those w

he holds two flutes. Erato [Er′ato] inspired those who wrote of love. She plays on a nine-stringed lyre. Terpsichore [Terps

lyre. Terpsichore [Terpsich′ore] presided over choral dance and song. She appears dancing, and holds a seven-stringed lyre.

er a crooked staff. Polyhymnia [Polyhym′nia] presided over eloquence. She holds her fore-finger to her lips, or carries a s

ransformation of Narcissus. Diana. Ques. Who was Diana? Ans. She was the daughter of Jupiter and Latona, and the t

all magical incantations. Ques. What were the habits of Diana? Ans. She shunned the society of men, and frequented the wo

ilver chariot drawn by hounds. Ques. Who was Chione [Chi′one]? Ans. She was a nymph beloved by Apollo. She spoke scornful

s. Who was Chione [Chi′one]? Ans. She was a nymph beloved by Apollo. She spoke scornfully of the beauty of Diana, and the

ongue with an arrow. Ques. Relate the story of Niobe [Ni′obe]. Ans. She was the daughter of Tantalus [Tan′talus], and the

alus [Tan′talus], and the wife of Amphion [Amphi′on], king of Thebes. She was enriched with all the gifts of nature and for

s. This nymph was the daughter of Oceanus, and an attendant of Diana. She was admired by the god of the river Alpheus [Alph

of Juno’s attendants, but offended that goddess by her talkativeness. She was so far deprived of speech, that she could onl

, where they were transformed into rocks. Ques. Who was Circe? Ans. She was a skillful enchantress. Having poisoned her h

y into Italy, where she fixed her dwelling on the promontory Circæum. She presented to all travellers an enchanted cup; and

ed him as the god of shores and harbors. Ques. Who was Thetis? Ans. She was a sea-goddess, the daughter of Nereus and Dor

oddess, the daughter of Nereus and Doris, and sister of the Nereides. She was endowed with such beauty that Jupiter himself

nd shoulders of a woman, the wings of a bird, and the paws of a lion. She infested the country about Thebes, so that the pe

onor was to be attained. Ques. What were the emblems of Truth? Ans. She was generally represented as a beautiful and mode

ted as a beautiful and modest virgin, with garments as white as snow. She was the daughter of Time, or Saturn, because Time

r to enter the temple of Pudicitia, nor to offer sacrifice with them. She desired to repair this public affront by some mem

on either side. Repentance follows with woful mien and torn garments. She looks behind her, as if calling upon Truth, who i

ed, and when Hercules was grown up, devised new means to destroy him. She persuaded Jupiter to put Hercules under the autho

gement which he had made. Ques. What else is related of Medea? Ans. She lived for some time happily with Jason, upon whom

ughter of the king of Corinth. Ques. What was Medea’s revenge? Ans. She murdered, in the sight of their father, the two c

e band then embarked for Athens. Ques. What became of Ariadne? Ans. She accompanied Theseus on his flight, but he was so

d with golden apples, which were offered by the goddess of the Earth. She begged the Earth to plant them in her gardens, wh

hich is too remarkable to be omitted. Ques. Who was Andromeda? Ans. She was the daughter of Cepheus, king of Ethiopia. He

band stand before her, with pallid countenance and dripping garments. She hastened to the strand at break of day, and gazin

d seen no one, and he proceeded to search for the fugitive elsewhere. She then resumed her own form, and returned to her fa

rifice of Iphigenia [Iphige′nia], the oldest daughter of the monarch. She was accordingly led to the altar, but Diana was m

ntinually urged Penelope to choose a husband from among their number. She promised, at length, that she would do so when sh

e suitors became so importunate that Penelope could no longer resist. She promised, therefore, that she would marry that ma

ith touching devotion until death released her from this filial duty. She no sooner learned the cruel order of Creon, than

lved, at whatever hazard, to perform the funeral rites for Polynices. She succeeded in approaching the corpse, which she co

ns. While thus engaged, Antigone was seized and brought before Creon. She defended nobly the pious act which she had perfor

moved with compassion at the sight of so much undeserved misfortune. She resolved, therefore, to share her throne with the

his was the abode of a famous Sibyl, of whom we will speak elsewhere. She foretold to the hero much that was to happen duri

to the harassed Trojans, but the enmity of Juno was not yet appeased. She sent the Fury Alecto to the palace of Turnus, wit

youthful bloom, this long life proved rather a burden than a benefit. She had rejected the suit of Apollo, and the god refu

taly, and six centuries still remained of the time granted by Apollo. She accompanied Æneas on his visit to the lower world

oamed at the mouth, and a convulsive trembling seized her whole body. She then spoke prophetic words, which were carefully

f this goddess flowed around her in sunny waves that shone like gold. She was proud of this adornment; and Loki, willing to

rth. From his name comes our word Friday. Ques. Who was Freya? Ans. She was the sister of Frey or Freyr. She loved music,

day. Ques. Who was Freya? Ans. She was the sister of Frey or Freyr. She loved music, Spring and flowers, and was a friend

let fall the least part of the sacred material, her fate was sealed. She was torn to pieces by her companions, amid paroxy

e stone altar, received the victim dragged thither by her companions. She plunged her knife into his heart, and watched car

el punishment decreed in like circumstances against the Roman Vestal. She was buried alive; her accomplice was strangled, a

ods, and, on that account, was called Magna Mater — the Great Mother. She had many names, the most common of which are: Din

, and Berecynthia, from different mountains, where she was worshiped. She was likewise called Ops and Tellus, as presiding

, who came from her own country into Italy, where she married Saturn. She was the first who fortified the walls of cities w

disk, emblematical of the winds confined in the bowels of the earth. She wears a crown of towers, as before mentioned. She

owels of the earth. She wears a crown of towers, as before mentioned. She has keys in her hand, to signify her keeping, loc

e noise of drums and cymbals, and with frightful yells and cries.‌ 3 She had a temple at Rome, called Opertum, into which

Who was Juno? The daughter of Saturn; the sister and wife of Jupiter. She was called by the Greeks Hera, or Mistress: or Me

ho were her children? Hebe, Mars, and Vulcan. What was her character? She was haughty and jealous, frequently quarreling wi

fered to her. In her sacrifices, an ewe lamb was the ordinary victim. She was regarded as the protectress of married women,

, and invoked by them under the name of Juno Lucina. Juno’s Chariot. She speaks; Minerva burns to meet the war, And now he

venge and war. Pope’s Homer’s Iliad. What were the offices of Hebe? She was the blooming Goddess of youth; and was cup-be

lace. Who was Iris? The attendant of Juno, as Mercury was of Jupiter. She is represented as being extremely beautiful; desc

and to release the souls of females struggling in the pangs of death. She is the personification of the rainbow. Chap. V

at, and her left, grasping a lighted torch. What were her attributes? She is the goddess of fruits; for her very name is de

supposed to take in producing and preserving the fruits of the earth. She is said to have taught the art of tilling the ear

s the gates of heaven, precedes her father, and announces his return. She petitioned the Gods to bestow immortality upon Ti

d flying into Italy, established herself upon the promontory Circeum. She fell in love with Glaucus, a sea god, who, prefer

onster, by poisoning the water, in which she was accustomed to bathe. She is said to have changed men into beasts, and to h

e Priestess of Apollo represented as uttering the oracles of the god? She was, with great apparent reluctance, placed by th

ind of three-legged stool. A fit of phrenzy then seemed to seize her. She was violently convulsed, her hair stood erect, he

Clio, derived her name from the Greek word, signifying glory, renown. She presided over history. She was supposed to have i

the Greek word, signifying glory, renown. She presided over history. She was supposed to have invented the lyre, which she

r lyre. Thalia presided over comedy. Her name signifies the blooming. She is represented reclining on a pillar, holding in

pillar, holding in her hand a mask. Melpomene presided over tragedy. She is generally seen with her hand resting upon the

he patroness of instrumental music. Her name signifies the agreeable. She is always depicted as surrounded with various ins

ments of music. Terpsichore, or the amusing, presided over the dance. She has always a smiling countenance; and one foot li

air. Erato. Her name is derived from the Greek word signifying love. She is the inspirer or light poetry: and of the trium

air of compasses. Calliope owes her name to the majesty of her voice. She presided over rhetoric and epic poetry. Had the M

Dictynna; and in the infernal regions, Hecate. What were her offices? She was the goddess of chastity, of the chace, and of

ver, drawn by hinds. Where were situated her most celebrated temples? She had two temples famous in history. The first was

that fruit. What other names were given her, besides that of Minerva? She was called Athena, from being the tutelary goddes

own Mars. The original Mars is supposed to be Belus, Who was Bellona? She was the sister of Mars, the goddess of war and cr

r of Mars, the goddess of war and cruelty, called by the Greeks Enyo. She is described as preparing the chariot and horses

and horses of Mars for battle, and with disheveled hair driving them. She had a temple at Rome, and her priests offered to

d upon themselves. Who was Victory? The daughter of Styx and Acheron. She had several temples in Greece and Rome. Games wer

eral temples in Greece and Rome. Games were instituted to her honour. She was represented as flying in air, holding a crown

rising every hour, While scarce the skies her horrid head can bound, She stalks on earth and shakes the world around. The

enus. How was Venus, the goddess of love and beauty, produced? She is represented by the poets as springing from the

odita, as produced from the foam of the sea; and Paphia, from Paphos. She had likewise the appellations of Mother; the Vict

orious; the Laughter-loving Goddess. How is Venus generally depicted? She is frequently represented borne in a spacious she

iot is drawn by doves and swans, accompanied by Cupid and the Graces. She is clothed in a light and airy manner, and wears

n, the rose and the myrtle, were considered as sacred to her. Venus. She said, and turning round, her neck she shew’d, Tha

aces unguents shed, ambrosial show’rs, Unguents which charm the Gods: She , last, assumes Her splendid robes; and full the G

ne’s wife Amphitrite, was changed by her into a dreadful sea monster. She is represented as having six necks, and as many t

ing o’er the fiery blaze. When in her gulfs the rushing sea subsides, She drams the ocean with refulgent tides; The rock re

o was Nemesis? The goddess who presided over the punishment of guilt. She is represented as traversing the earth, with grea

out the tombs. Who was Nox? Nox, or Night, was the daughter of Chaos. She was represented in a long black veil spangled wit

d, the body of a dog, the eyes of a dragon, and the talons of a lion. She infested the country round Thebes, proposing enig

e, who presides over agricultural labours, and is the wife of Vishnu. She is represented with a twisted cord under her arm,

emblem of his creative power, the patroness of the arts and sciences. She is depicted as holding in her hands the palmira l

s, the consort of Osīris, appears to have been an emblem of the moon. She was esteemed as the cause of abundance, and regar

evails in nature; the latter, of the fertilising effects of the Nile. She was esteemed to possess great knowledge of the se

e of distempers, and she was imagined to indicate remedies in dreams. She was said to have been translated into the moon, a

a. To her was dedicated a city in the Thebaid, called after her name. She was ranked among the ancient or elder divinities.

to be produced, when the world was renewed after the general deluge. She is celebrated as the common mother, from whom pro

winds and seas, was represented as the most amiable of the Goddesses. She was the wife of Odin, accompanied him in battle,

onstantly searching for him, she was called Vanadis, goddess of hope. She was supposed to have the knowledge of the future,

pposed to have the knowledge of the future, which she never revealed. She inhabited a magnificent palace of heaven, named F

h day of the week; which still bears her name, Frea’s day, or Friday. She was attended by Fulla, her handmaid, with long fl

m. Fairer than Gods, and wiser, she Held the strange keys of destiny, She knew what chanc’d ere time began Ere world there

; Elves in secret caves are hiding;     Odin meets the wolf of hell, She must taste a second sorrow,     She who wept when

    Odin meets the wolf of hell, She must taste a second sorrow,      She who wept when Balder bled. Fate demands a nobler

ors from her eyes! Round her grim front such monstrous serpents rise! She scares ev’n Pluto, her immortal sire. Her sister

e name of Cybele from the mountain where her life had been preserved. She is called also the ancient Vesta, to distinguish

gy of every country, this Deity is found, though under various names. She is represented with keys in her hand, her head cr

rowned with rising turrets, and sometimes with the leaves ‌of an oak. She is also seen with many breasts, to intimate that

ouch the strain prolong, And from the rocks, the woods, the vale,      She called on Echo still throughout the song; And whe

sing flowers, that fed The gentle beast, and fondly stroked his head. She placed herself upon his back, and rode O’er field

e sat with a sceptre in her hand, having always a peacock beside her. She was adored above all at Argos, where her feasts w

rifice of a hundred bulls. At Rome, hers were the Lupercalian feasts. She was believed to preside over the birth-pangs of t

er of Saturn and Cybele, was goddess of the productions of the earth. She taught man the art of agriculture, and is represe

these delicious shades; While like a child with busy speed and care, She gathers lilies here, and violets there; While fir

ssion she repeats her call, The violets from her lap and lilies fall: She misses them, poor heart! and makes new moan: Her

t two children, while Niobe possessed seven sons and seven daughters. She even ridiculed the worship which was paid to Lato

ance the mourner knew, Unless she drank her tears, or sucked the dew, She turned about, but rose not from the ground, Turne

yielding to his deep regrets. Aurora is also the daughter of Apollo. She granted the gift of immortality to Tithonus, her

flow.” Hesiod. Insérer image anonyme_heathen-mythology_1842_img049 She was also the Goddess of chastity, and it was in t

ow enamoured of his prize, Resolved to make her partner of the skies: She , sweetly blushing, yielded to the God, His car he

particular, ancient mythologists, as well as painters, make mention. She arose from the sea near the island of Cyprus,   

piter and Themis. Insérer image anonyme_heathen-mythology_1842_img066 She was soon after carried to heaven, where all the g

th she hang her head; Dumbly she passions, frantickly she doteth,      She thinks he could not die, he is not dead; Her voic

r eyes are mad, that they have wept till now. …………………………………………………    “ She looks upon his lips, and they are pale;     She t

……………………………………………    “She looks upon his lips, and they are pale;      She takes him by the hand, that is cold; She whispers

lips, and they are pale;     She takes him by the hand, that is cold; She whispers in his ears a heavy tale,     As if they

is ears a heavy tale,     As if they heard the woeful words she told: She lifts the coffer-lids that close his eyes, Where,

it, in all her glory, the woods and solitary retreats of Mount Ida. “ She comes! the Goddess; through the whispering air, B

, in amaze, At that cold beauty, with sad tears did gaze.” Thurlow. She is generally imaged with her son Cupid, in a char

erve to show how well established her worship was all over the earth. She was called Cypria, ‌because particularly worshipp

g her tresses on her shoulder. Description of the Anadyomine Venus. “ She has just issued from the bath, and yet is animate

t issued from the bath, and yet is animated with the enjoyment of it. She seems all soft and mild enjoyment, and the curved

ith gentle curves into her perfect form. “Her form is indeed perfect. She is half sitting and half rising from a shell, and

ul story of her good fortune to her less gifted, but envious sisters. She therefore told them of the glories of her marriag

and from its hiding place procured the light and the dagger. —————— “ She softly rose, And seized the lamp — where it obscu

s immoveable, her senses tossed Between amazement, fear, and ecstacy, She hangs enamoured o’er the deity.” Tighe. In the

g the power of the God, returned her to earth upon a bank of flowers. She then went through the world in search of her lost

he Gods, becoming one of the most faithful counsellors of her father. She was indeed the only one of all the divinities who

efeat, hung herself, and was changed into a spider by Minerva. ———— “ She sprinkled her with juice, Which leaves of baleful

granted the olive tree, and which she had taken under her protection. She was adored at Troy by the title of Pallas, and he

r in thy soul rebels. In vain our threats, in vain our power, we use, She gives the example, and her son pursues. Yet long

eived traditions, disappeared with the goddess. ———— “On the ground, She sinks without a single sound, And all her garment

ful Echo answers, ‘I,’ ‘Why come not you,’ he said, ‘appear in view,’ She hastily returns, ‘why come not you?’ “‘Then let

dess of youth, and made by her mother the cup-bearer to all the Gods. She was dismissed from her office by Jupiter, however

Flora was unknown among the Greeks, having her birth with the Romans. She was the Goddess of Flowers, ———————————— “which

he voluptuous winds of June Catch their perfumery.” Barry Cornwall. She married Zephyrus, and received from him the privi

dust on the sunny brow! Ye have given the lovely to earth’s embrace, She hath taken the fairest of beauty’s race, With the

adows of the plain.         Alone, alone,         Upon a mossy stone, She sits and reckons up the dead and gone, With the l

t with her, and be o’ershaded Under the languid downfall of her hair; She wears a coronal of flowers faded, Upon her forehe

ereus and Doris and is often confounded with Tethys, her grandmother. She was loved by Neptune and Jupiter; but when the go

nd her fast, when she arose, And into various shapes her body throws; She went to move her arms, then found them tied, Then

ed him from her hand, as she was going to repeat the cruel operation. She afterwards rendered his body invulnerable by plun

his scaly sides he laves; And bears the sportive damsel on the waves; She strikes the cymbals as he moves along, And wonder

re the fanning gales; Pleased on the flowery brink with graceful hand She waves her floating lover to the land; Bright shin

tho has on a variegated robe, and on her head a crown of seven stars. She holds a distaff in her hand, reaching from heaven

as offered to her, as the bird which proclaims the coming of the day. She is drawn mounted on a chariot, and covered with a

rth of spirit eyes Like stars along the darkening skies!” Hervey. ‌ She has been described by some of the modern writers,

cia and Spain paid to her more particularly the homage of a divinity. She inhabits the infernal regions; and though, in mor

o intimate that fortune is the source whence wealth and honours flow. She is blind-folded, and her hand rests on a wheel, t

Themis, daughter of heaven and of earth, was the goddess of Justice, She wears a bandage over her eyes, and holds in her h

aced among the constellations of the Zodiac, under the name of Virgo. She is represented as a maiden, with a stern but maje

instruments and herbs could protect him against the coming dangers. “ She then retires to Hecate’s shrine, that stood Far i

res to Hecate’s shrine, that stood Far in the covert of a shady wood: She finds the fury of her flames assauged, But, seein

rds her heart demand, With vows and oaths to make her soon his bride, She wept a flood of tears, and thus replied. ‘I see m

at doubting love could press, His present danger and desired success. She credits him, and kindly does produce Enchanted he

plinters in the gory pits, Then hurls them on the piles; the sleeping sire She lustrates thrice, with sulphur, water, fire. …………

tried to poison him at an entertainment to which he had been invited. She failed in her purpose. The king, recognized by th

and found that she still held no slight possession of his affections. She accompanied him to Œta, where he was going to rai

is bones, and attaching itself to the flesh, eat into it like fire. “ She now resolves to send the fatal vest, Dyed with Le

, to view the beauteous maid. So sweet her form, so exquisitely fine, She seemed a statue by a hand divine, Had not the win

that pale girl Who stands so desolate on the sea-shore?     Leonarde. She was the daughter of a Cretan king — A Tyrant. Hid

to life and majesty.     Leonarde. You will not marvel Ariadne loved. She gave the secret clue that led him safe Throughout

then to be most wretched!     Leonarde.                               She was left By her so heartless lover while she slep

              She was left By her so heartless lover while she slept. She woke from pleasant dreams — she dreamt of him — L

band from the cruel death prepared for him. Death-Song of Alcestis. “ She came forth in her bridal robes arrayed, And midst

n not, but pardon me for tarrying Amid too idle words, nor asking how She praised us both (which most?) for what we did. A

among the good Incestuous Helen here? Aga. Oh! Gods of Hell! Iphig. She hath not past the river.                 We may w

nts sight now dragged along. The mother first beheld with sad survey, She rent her tresses venerably gray: And cast far off

this number was Andromache, widow of Hector, and mother of Astyanax. She fell to the share of ‌Neoptolemus, but though she

arb so loosely spread, Which once he wore, and saw the conscious bed, She saw and with a sigh the robes embraced, Then on t

the false Trojan view, These boding omens, his false flight pursue!’ She said and struck; deep entered in her side, The pi

e; and the oath sworn in her name was regarded by them as inviolable. She is represented clothed in white, with clasped han

to be soon liberated, while at other times she appears in a chariot. She is, however, more frequently represented holding

nd her are supposed to exist all the luxuries which attend her reign. She was the goddess of sensual pleasures, and had a t

emple of Minerva. Insérer image anonyme_heathen-mythology_1842_img252 She is drawn miserable, pale, wan, meagre, and deject

in his endless rest. “But when her view the bleeding love confessed, She shrieked, she tore her hair, she beat her breast,

love confessed, She shrieked, she tore her hair, she beat her breast, She raised the body, and embraced it round, And bathe

om thee be understood, Still witness, in thy purple fruit our blood — She spoke, and in her bosom plunged the sword All war

danger which threatened them. —————— “Acis knelt At Galatea’s feet. She gazed awhile, One delicate hand was pressed again

ort at even time, and sing to her beautiful, but lost love. ——————— “ She changed, As Grecian fables say, the shepherd boy

at times, when gloomy tempests roar Along the Adriatic, in the waves She dips her plumes, and on the watery shore Sings as

browed spirit, on whose head Laurel and withering roses loosely hung: She held a harp, amongst whose chords her hand Wander

harp, amongst whose chords her hand Wandered for music — and it came. She sang A song despairing, and the whispering winds

ss. Juno’s union with Jupiter was the prototype of earthly marriages. She is the type of matronly virtues and dignity. F

Juno. [Villa Ludovisi, Rome: Overbeck, Atlas 9: 8; Roscher 13: 2123.] She was the daughter of Cronus and Rhea, but was brou

ejoiced her sacred herds. § 35. Minerva (Athene), the virgin-goddess. She sprang from the brain of Jove, agleam with panopl

ar, and with her battle-cry awakening the echoes of heaven and earth. She is goddess of the lightning that leaps like a lan

e from the cloud-heavy sky, and hence, probably, the name, Athene 74. She is goddess of the storms and of the rushing thund

ms and of the rushing thunder-bolt, and is, therefore, styled Pallas. She is the goddess of the thunder-cloud, which is sym

ed the head of Medusa, the Gorgon, that turns to stone all beholders. She is also the goddess of war, rejoicing in martial

rva, is connected with the Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin words for mind. She is eternally a virgin, the goddess of wisdom, of

templation, of spinning and weaving, of horticulture and agriculture. She is protectress of cities, and was specially worsh

s, a virgin goddess, the ideal of modesty, grace, and maidenly vigor. She is associated with her brother, the prince of arc

ft-rushing goddess was wont to scour hill, valley, forest, and plain. She was, however, not only huntress, but guardian, of

asts, — mistress withal of horses and kine and other domestic brutes. She ruled marsh and mountain; her gleaming arrows smo

favored, for in them she and her attendants were accustomed to bathe. She blessed with verdure the meadows and arable lands

scribed the fruitfulness of the animal and of the vegetable creation. She is goddess of gardens and flowers, of the rose, t

, the golden, sweetly-smiling Aphrodite, who rules the hearts of men. She lends to mortals seductive form and fascination.

an and dolphin were beloved of her; in air, the sparrow and the dove. She was usually attended by her winged son Cupid, of

ty of the home: of settled, in opposition to nomadic, habits of life. She was worshipped, first of the gods, at every feast

halia of comedy. (5) Themis, one of the Titans, a daughter of Uranus. She sat, as goddess of justice, beside Jupiter on his

Uranus. She sat, as goddess of justice, beside Jupiter on his throne. She was’ beloved of the father of gods and men, and b

Pl. 6. The Fates. Michael Angelo. (7) Nemesis, daughter of Night. She represented the righteous anger and vengeance of

e in general, was sister of Jupiter, and daughter of Cronus and Rhea. She is connected through her daughter Proserpine, que

o greet her, To men that mix and meet her From many times and lands. She waits for each and other, She waits for all men b

nd meet her From many times and lands. She waits for each and other, She waits for all men born; Forgets the earth her mot

§ 50. Proserpina (Persephone) was the daughter of Ceres and Jupiter. She was queen of Hades, — a name applied both to the

ght splendor of night, so Hecate represents its darkness and terrors. She haunted cross-roads and graveyards, was the godde

, surmised that her husband had raised a cloud to hide some escapade. She brushed away the darkness, and saw him, on the ba

er to graze through the day, and at night tied a rope round her neck. She would have stretched out her arms to implore free

but that she had no arms to stretch out, and her voice was a bellow. She yearned in vain to make herself known to her fath

ame was Syrinx, — much beloved by the satyrs and spirits of the wood. She would have none of them, but was a faithful worsh

hear him, she ran away. But on the bank of the river he overtook her. She called for help on her friends, the water-nymphs.

y remain to this day. But the vengeance of Juno was not yet satiated. She sent a gadfly to torment Io, who, in her flight,

, she feared the bears. One day a youth espied her as he was hunting. She saw him, and recognized him as her son Areas, gro

. She saw him, and recognized him as her son Areas, grown to manhood. She stopped and felt inclined to embrace him. He, ala

Mars.114 § 62. Semele was the daughter of Cadmus, founder of Thebes. She was descended, through both parents, from the god

e matter beyond a doubt.” Semele was persuaded to try the experiment. She asks a favor, without naming what it is. Jove giv

mortal frame could not endure the splendors of the immortal radiance. She was consumed to ashes.115 Her son was the god Bac

and died. ‘Died?’ — So the Theban maidens think, and laugh, Saying, ‘ She had her wish, that Semele!’ But sitting here upon

s engaged in the Mænad dances, Jupiter as a satyr, wooed and won her. She bore him two sons, Amphion and Zethus, who, being

navigation — and those of women — spinning, weaving, and needle-work. She was also a warlike divinity, but favored only def

afraid of the goddess; let her try her skill, if she dare venture.” “ She comes,” said Minerva, and dropping her disguise,

when Arachne saw, as overlaid And mastered with workmanship so rare, She stood astonished long, ne aught gainsaid; And wit

ive up the contest before it was too late. But Arachne did not yield. She filled her web with subjects designedly chosen to

Minerva could not forbear to admire, yet was indignant at the insult. She struck the web with her shuttle, and rent it in p

s of the sea a throne of cunning device, which he sent to his mother. She gladly accepting the glorious gift, sat down upon

, where the country people were at work gathering willows and osiers. She approached, and kneeling on the bank would have s

son of a god. Phaëton complained of the insult to his mother Clymene. She sent him to Phœbus to ask for himself whether he

I shall be deprived of my worship altogether unless you protect me.” She was proceeding in this strain, but Apollo interru

e bow sounded and struck terror into all hearts except Niobe’s alone. She was brave from excess of grief. Her daughters sto

life. Her neck bent not, her arms made no gesture, her foot no step. She was changed to stone, within and without. Yet tea

akles solemnly replied, “Not yet Is it allowable thou hear the things She has to tell thee; let evanish quite That consecra

f whom it was made, For the god being one day too warm in his wooing, She took to the tree to escape his pursuing; Be the c

irly embarked In a laurel, as she thought — but (ah, how Fate mocks!) She has found it by this time a very bad box; Let hun

86. Clytie. 164 — In the story of Clytie the conditions are reversed. She was a water-nymph and in love with Apollo, who ma

food nor drink, her own tears and the chilly dew her only sustenance. She gazed on the sun when he rose; and as he passed t

tly flowing, so clear that you might count the pebbles on the bottom. She laid aside her garments; but while she sported in

heard an indistinct murmur rising as out of the depths of the stream. She made haste to reach the nearest bank. A voice fol

oud and from crag, With many a jag, Shepherding her bright fountains, She leapt down the rocks, With her rainbow locks Stre

ravine Which slopes to the western gleams: And gliding and springing She went, ever singing, In murmurs as soft as sleep;

rt of the goddess was unquestionably warmed by his surpassing beauty. She came down to him; she kissed him; she watched ove

ame down to him; she kissed him; she watched over him while he slept. She visited him again and again. But her secret could

he mistress of the moon slips from her nocturnal course to visit him. She takes care, too, that his fortunes shall not suff

pon Adonis, the son of Cinyras and Myrrha, and was captivated by him. She no longer took any interest in her favorite resor

favorite resorts, — Paphos, and Cnidos, and Amathus, rich in metals. She absented herself even from Olympus, for Adonis wa

as dearer to her than heaven. Him she followed, and bore him company. She who loved to recline in the shade, with no care b

d through the woods and over the hills, girt like the huntress Diana. She chased game that is safe to hunt, but kept clear

ed game that is safe to hunt, but kept clear of the wolves and bears. She charged Adonis, too, to beware of dangerous anima

eon the very kiss is dying, the kiss that Cypris will never forego. … She hath lost her lovely lord, with him she hath lost

im to pity; and then he touched her side with the point of his arrow. She awoke, and opening her eyes upon Cupid (himself i

was not the work of mortal hands, but the happy retreat of some god. She approached the building and entered. Every object

as she could, but they did not fail to have their effect on her mind. She prepared a lamp and a sharp knife, and hid them o

omposure, she looked around her. The palace and gardens had vanished. She found herself not far from the city where her sis

ways, the unfortunate girl travelled safely to the kingdom of Pluto. She was admitted to the palace of Proserpine, where,

her heart ‘gan creep Ill dreams; so that for fear and great distress She would have cried, but in her helplessness Could o

re dwells the brooding dove, The painted valley, and the scented air, She heard far echoes of the voice of Love, And found

Venus heard, and was propitious. Pl. 9. Atalanta’s Race. Poynter. She gathered three golden apples from the garden of h

ad toucht the maple goal With but two fingers, leaning pronely forth. She stood in mute despair; the prize was won. Now eac

ros and Aphrodite; and this on? To her who ratifies the nuptial vow.” She would have wept to see her father weep; But some

onor to Aphrodite; and the goddess was provoked at their ingratitude. She caused them to give offence to Cybele. That power

ed, she saw the form of her lover struggling in the agonies of death. She screamed and beat her breast, she embraced the li

t the name of Thisbe Pyramus opened his eyes, then closed them again. She saw her veil stained with blood and the scabbard

lies and violets, when Pluto saw her, loved her, and carried her off. She screamed for help to her mother and her companion

one upon the rocks?” The old man begged her to come into his cottage. She declined. He urged her. “Go in peace,” she replie

hrough the lower regions of the earth, beheld the missing Proserpine. She said that the daughter of Ceres seemed sad, but n

Celeus and his family, and her promise to his infant son Triptolemus. She taught the boy the use of the plough, and how to

s. She taught the boy the use of the plough, and how to sow the seed. She took him in her chariot, drawn by winged dragons,

ne could not resist, and Pluto himself gave way. Eurydice was called. She came from among the new-arrived ghosts, limping w

ound me as I spread My helpless arms… thine, thine no more… to thee.” She spake, and, like a vapour, into air Flew, nor beh

he goddess of the dawn, fell in love with Cephalus, a young huntsman. She stole him away, lavished her love upon him, tried

r again.” Cephalus returned, and was as happy as before in his wife. She being a favorite of Diana, had received from her,

e rushed to the place, and raised his wounded Procris from the earth. She , at last, opened her feeble eyes, and forced hers

, and almost her latest, was Tithonus, son of Laomedon, king of Troy. She stole him away, and prevailed on Jupiter to grant

hon. The goddess Ceres, whom they had supplicated, nodded her assent. She despatched an Oread to ice-clad Scythia, where Co

Doris, none was fairer than Galatea, sister of Amphitrite and Thetis. She loved Acis, the son of Faunus by a Naiad, and was

pon, in desperation, Glaucus sought the aid of Circe, an enchantress. She , because she coveted for herself the handsome sea

a. His bees having perished, Aristæus resorted for aid to his mother. She , surrounded by her maidens in the crystalline abo

Gorgon Medusa,271 a terrible monster who had laid waste the country. She had once been a maiden whose hair was her chief g

ed her of her charms, and changed her ringlets into hissing serpents. She became a monster of so frightful an aspect that n

band by mortal mothers, declared war against Hercules from his birth. She sent two serpents to destroy him as he lay in his

d queen of heaven was finally reconciled to the offspring of Alcmena. She adopted him for her son, and gave him in marriage

, and sacrificed a black sheep, — pouring libations of milk and wine. She implored Pluto and his stolen bride to spare the

oonlight, a screech owl’s head and wings, and the entrails of a wolf. She added fragments of the shells of tortoises and th

consent, but prepared her caldron for him in a new and singular way. She put in only water and a few simple herbs. In the

erself had taken care to escape before they discovered the treachery. She had, however, little profit of the fruits of her

ctory of her son, the bodies of her murdered brothers meet her sight. She shrieks, and beats her breast, and hastens to cha

ich the Destinies have linked with Meleager’s life, she brings forth. She commands a fire to be prepared. Four times she es

iadne Quitting the sister’s arms, the infatuate gaze of the mother, — She whose sole delight, whose life, was her desperate

termined to brave the hazard and to bury the body with her own hands. She was detected in the act. When Creon asked the fea

that they would sustain her choice and avenge her cause if necessary. She was living happily with Menelaüs when Paris becom

e Troy if he went on the expedition, endeavored to prevent his going. She , accordingly, sent him to the court of King Lycom

eeps of ocean where she abode, and she hastened to inquire the cause. She found him overwhelmed with self-reproach that he

st. He consented, and Thetis immediately repaired to Vulcan’s palace. She found him busy at his forge, making tripods for h

and Diomede entered the city in disguise to carry off the Palladium. She , then, saw and recognized Ulysses, but kept the s

ead, body, voice, and bristles,” yet with their intellects as before. She shut them in her styes and supplied them with aco

me strange thing unutterably burned, Unquenchable; and still where’er She turned. They rose about her, striving each o’er e

earth, and yearn — as we do now!” So they in speech unsyllabled. But She , The fair-tressed Goddess, born to be their bane,

ing, drew his sword and rushed upon her with fury in his countenance. She fell on her knees and begged for mercy. He dictat

ing to dismiss them all in safety after hospitably entertaining them. She was as good as her word. The men were restored to

nd Charybdis. We have already met with Scylla in the myth of Glaucus. She dwelt in a cave high up on the cliff, from whence

pso, with much reluctance, proceeded to obey the commands of Jupiter. She supplied Ulysses with the means of constructing a

father’s hospitality when he should become acquainted with the facts. She called back her scattered maidens, chiding their

t was a duty to cherish, for the poor and the stranger are from Jove. She bade them bring food, and the garments of some of

were not those of person only, but of character and conduct as well. She was the niece of Tyndareus, — being the daughter

m there seemed no refuge but in choosing one of them for her husband. She , however, employed every art to gain time, still

ion of a robe for the funeral canopy of Lærtes, her husband’s father. She pledged herself to make her choice among the suit

anwhile her son had grown up, and was able to manage his own affairs. She therefore consented to submit the question of her

t birds, first slaughter our cattle, and then make war on ourselves?” She then predicted dire sufferings to them in their f

harmed with his discourse and filled with admiration of his exploits. She conceived an ardent passion for him, and he for h

nd Diana. While Æneas contemplated the scene, the Sibyl accosted him. She seemed to know his errand, and under the influenc

erils through which he was destined to make his way to final success. She closed with the encouraging words which have beco

nd return to the upper air, that is the toil, that the difficulty.385 She instructed him to seek in the forest a tree on wh

“Now,” said the Sibyl, “summon thy courage, for thou shalt need it.” She descended into the cave of Avernus, and Æneas fol

, wondering at the sight, asked the Sibyl, “Why this discrimination?” She answered, “Those who are taken on board the bark

ee so dear. Stop, I beseech thee, and refuse me not a last farewell.” She stood for a moment with averted countenance, and

saw the boy Iulus and his companions amusing themselves with hunting. She sharpened the scent of the dogs, and led them to

ger, and the javelin of Aruns struck her and inflicted a fatal wound. She fell and breathed her last in the arms of her att

the earth. His sister Freya is the most propitious of the goddesses. She loves music, spring, and flowers, and the fairies

es. She loves music, spring, and flowers, and the fairies of Elfheim. She is the goddess of love. Her day is Friday. Bragi

re her bed, and Burning-anguish forms the hangings of her apartments. She may easily be recognized, for her body is half fl

t old crone, my nurse Elli, and let Thor wrestle with her if h6 will. She has thrown to the ground many a man not less stro

gerbode, a giantess, mother of Fenris, Hela, and the Midgard Serpent. She was dead, and Odin was forced to seek her in Hela

quired of her if she knew what the gods were doing at their meetings. She replied that they were throwing darts and stones

ermod, “to seek Balder. Hast thou perchance seen him pass this way?” She replied, “Balder hath ridden over Gyoll’s bridge,

gibes the passers-by. Thok is she called, but now Lok wore her shape; She greeted them the first, and laughed and said: “Ye

tter at her feet — So ye grow squeamish, gods, and sniff at heaven!” She spake, but Hermod answered her and said, “Thok, n

things, if weep they will — I weep him not! let Hela keep her prey.” She spake, and to the cavern’s depth she fled, Mockin

a fair hawk feathered with feathers of gold alighted upon her wrist. She went to Brynhild for the interpretation of the dr

e the Andvari ring. Consumed with Jealousy, Brynhild plotted revenge. She loved Sigurd still, and he, since he had regained

clined to go, Nor for his land did homage, she inly yearned to know. She made request of Gunther, and begged it so might b

wanderer on hig‌h399 the sun. Thea: the beautiful, shining; the moon. She is called by Homer Euryphaëssa, the far-shining.

fice it was to inhale the hallowed air, and who was named the Pythia. She was prepared for this duty by previous ablution a

ither “goddess of the bright heaven,” or “goddess of the bright day.” She is frequently identified with Artemis, Hecate, Lu

awing an arrow from her quiver or watching her missile in its flight. She is often attended by the hind. Sometimes, as moon

the Star of Love), and over all animal and vegetable life and growth. She was the Istar of the Assyrians, the Astarte of th

fruitful, winsome, flowerfaced, blushing, swift-eyed, golden-crowned. She had temples and groves in Paphos, Abydos, Samos,

e until she had acquired certain attributes of the Eastern Aphrodite. She was worshipped as goddess of love, as presiding o

ture of the goddess; the latter with her relation to the hearth-fire. She is “first of the goddesses,” the holy, the chaste

All these did my Campaspe winne; At last he’e set her both his eyes; She won, and Cupid blind did rise. O love! has she do

698; 11: 244. In Art: painting by Guy Head (Gallery, St. Luke, Rome). She is the swift-footed, wind-footed, fleet, the Iris

ns at her side; at other times she rides in a chariot drawn by lions. She wears a mural crown: that is, a crown whose rim i

rative. — Byron’s figure likening Venice to Cybele, Childe Harold 4, “ She looks a sea-Cybele, fresh from ocean,” etc. Also

the doves (phatta), which were sacred to her as well as to Aphrodite. She carries ears of corn as symbol of vegetation, pop

Eurybie; through her mother Asteria from the Titans, Cœus and Phœbe. She was therefore, on both sides, the granddaughter o

57. The first love of Zeus was Metis, daughter of Oceanus and Tethys. She is Prudence or Foreknowledge. She warned Zeus tha

is, daughter of Oceanus and Tethys. She is Prudence or Foreknowledge. She warned Zeus that if she bore him a child, it woul

’s statement (Iliad 18), Eurynome was daughter of Oceanus and Tethys. She was mother, by Jupiter, of the Graces. Thetis: se

tans Cœus and Phœbe, whose names indicate phenomena of radiant light. She belonged, perhaps, to an ancient theogony of Asia

ffair Alcestis took no part. For her family, see § 132 (5) C or 95 C. She was held in the highest honor in Greek fable, and

o. See § 59 C. Interpretative. — Atalanta is the “unwearied maiden.” She is the human counterpart of the huntress Diana. T

heart of the sun, and, like Medea and Dejanira, she must be deserted. She is either the “well-pleasing” or the “saintly.” S

must be deserted. She is either the “well-pleasing” or the “saintly.” She was, presumably, a local nature-goddess of Naxos

see Horus. Ha′thor or Athor: a goddess often identified with Isis. She had the head of a cow and wears the sun’s disk, a

and wears the sun’s disk, and plumes. Her name means “Home of Horus.” She has characteristics of the Greek Aphrodite. Seth

ephthys: a goddess of the dead; the sister of Isis, and wife of Seth. She aided Isis to recover the drowned Osiris. A′pis:

r Maut: the mother; the Theban goddess of womanhood, wife of Amen-Ra. She corresponds to the Greek Demeter. Khuns: son of

ddess of truth; her emblem the ostrich feather which signifies truth. She is the wife of Thoth. Thoth: the chief moon-god;

ear her brothers and sisters, whence she was called the Great Mother. She succeeded her father in his dominion ; and after

hrough the country with dishevelled locks, beating drums and cymbals. She disappeared at length in a storm of rain, thunder

nt with herself, to envelope her, and the Mountains and Pontos (Sea). She then bore to Uranos a mighty progeny : the Titans

emales, Theia, Rheia (or Rhea), Themis, Mnemosyne, Phœbe, and Tethys. She also bore the three Cyclopes, Brontes, Steropes,

o said to have gained her love under the form of a snow-white ram256. She bore to Zeus a daughter named Pandia257; and Ersa

s of the dawn was more than once smitten with the love of mortal man. She carried off Oriôn, and kept him in the isle of Or

ng beauty snatched away by her, ‘that he might be among the gods275.’ She also carried off Cephalos, and had by him a son n

share in all the honours enjoyed by the children of Heaven and Earth. She rewards sacrifice and prayer to her with prosperi

n and Earth. She rewards sacrifice and prayer to her with prosperity. She presides over the deliberations of the popular as

of the popular assembly, over war, and the administration of justice. She gives success in wrestling and horseracing. The f

ate became the patroness of magic and mistress of the under-world300. She was invoked as the triple goddess301, and believe

he earth, seen only by the dogs, whose baying announced her approach. She was regarded as beneficent, and the averter of ev

ved sides encompass’d it about. The pole was silver, and upon its end She tied the beauteous golden yoke, and bound On it t

livered of Zeus, retired to a cavern near Lyctos or Cnossos in Crete. She there brought forth her babe, whom the Melian nym

t Parrhasion, amidst whose thickets she brought forth her divine son. She sought for water to wash the new-born babe, but i

Tethys, by whom she was carefully nurtured in their grotto-palace500. She and Zeus had however previously ‘mingled in love’

of a cuckoo, to seek shelter on the knees of the unsuspecting maiden. She covered the poor bird, as she thought him, with h

The chief seats of the worship of Hera were Argos, Samos, and Platæa. She was also honoured at Sparta, Corinth, Corcyra, an

he sun was shining fiercely, and the goddess was parched with thirst. She saw a pool, and knelt down at it to drink. Some c

er on, entreating him not to expose himself to danger on her account. She now turned to the islands, but none would receive

d by the noise of the horses and mules coming to water at her stream. She recommends to him Crissa beneath Mount Parnassos

ferent to all other love. Phœbos beheld her, and burned with passion. She flies, he pursues ; in vain he exhausts his eloqu

ana. Artemis was daughter of Zeus and Leto, and sister to Apollo. She was the goddess of the chase669 ; she also presid

shady hills and breezy peaks, Rejoicing in the chase, her golden bow She bends, her deadly arrows sending forth. Then trem

g, arrow-loving Artemis Would cheer her soul, relaxing her curved bow She to her brother Phœbos -Apollo’s house Ample repai

They, pouring forth their voice Divine, sing Leto lovely-ankled, how She brought forth children, ‘mid the Deathless far Th

nd arrows formed by the Cyclopes, and to devote herself to the chase. She further asked for sixty Ocean-nymphs as her compa

nt sire assented with a smile, and gave her not one but thirty towns. She speeds to Crete, and thence to Ocean, and selects

opes, who immediately lay aside all their work to execute her orders. She now proceeds to Arcadia, where Pan, the chief god

side her brother Apollo. The adventures of Artemis were not numerous. She turned, as we shall relate below, Actæôn into a s

they named Britomartis, which in their dialect signified Sweet Maid. She was also called Dictynna, a goddess of that name,

ipped herself and entered it, to drive away the heat and the fatigue. She heard a murmur in the stream, and terrified spran

ver-god rose : she fled away naked as she was ; Alpheios pursued her. She sped all through Arcadia, till with the approach

lt her strength to fail, and saw that her pursuer was close upon her. She then prayed to Artemis for relief, and was immedi

resumed his aqueous form, and sought to mingle his waters with hers. She fled on under the earth and through the sea, till

ponnese the relation between Artemis and the water was very intimate. She was worshiped in several places as Limnatis and H

natis and Heleia, and there were frequently fountains in her temples. She was therefore probably regarded as a goddess of n

rious titles of Artemis were Loxo, Hecaerge, Arge, and Opis, or Upis. She bore the two first as the sister of Apollo Loxias

She bore the two first as the sister of Apollo Loxias and Hecaergos. She was styled Arge as the swift or the bright goddes

of such unhappy strangers as were cast on that inhospitable shore701. She was identified too with the goddess of nature ado

ong, active maiden, — handsome, but with no gentleness of expression. She wears the Cretan hunting-shoes (ἐνδρομίδϵς), and

er back she bears a quiver, and in her hand a bow or a hunting-spear. She is usually attended by a dog. At Trœzên there was

which the mutilated part of Uranos had been thrown by his son Kronos. She first, he adds, approached the land at the island

eys of Ida. The moment Aphrodite beheld him she was seized with love. She immediately hastened to her temple in Cyprus, whe

what she was to do, had departed, leaving her alone in the mountains. She earnestly entreats the Trojan youth to conduct he

oxen was at hand, the goddess poured a profound sleep over Anchises. She arose from the skinstrewn couch, and prepared to

he season of love. Her favourite plants were the rose and the myrtle. She was chiefly worshiped at Cythera and Cyprus759 ;

other in forming her image the ideal of female beauty and attraction. She appears sometimes rising out of the sea and wring

metimes drawn in a conch by Tritons, or riding on some marine animal. She is usually naked, or but slightly clad. The Venus

Olympians of whom the foreign origin is so probable as this goddess. She is generally regarded as being the same with the

ated on seeing her own altars neglected, and her adorers diminishing. She summoned her son ; and conducting him to the city

midst of it, and near it a stately palace of most splendid structure. She ventures to enter this palace, goes over it lost

ling her that all there is hers, and all her commands will be obeyed. She bathes, sits down to a rich repast, and is regale

n a bank of flowers, where she was found and consoled by the god Pan. She now goes through the world in search of Cupid : s

which she had been exposed, and through their credulity they perish. She still roams on, persecuted and subjected to numer

er woes ; but the tower pities her, and instructs her how to proceed. She accomplishes her mission in safety. As she is ret

ortion for herself, that she may be the more pleasing to her husband. She opens the box, when instead of beauty there issue

in proportion as it is loved, and fixes its sinful mark on the flesh. She is therefore deprived of desire and her splendid

, and in the general popular system, the goddess of wisdom and skill. She is in war opposed to Ares, the wild war-god, as t

war-god, as the patroness and teacher of just and scientific warfare. She is therefore on the side of the Greeks, and he on

of the Golden Fleece, Athena gave him a cloak wrought by herself796. She taught this art to mortal females, who had won he

e and terrific, the great prodigy Of ægis-holding Zeus. Upon her head She placed the four-coned helmet formed of gold, Fitt

e splendid festivals of the Panathenæa were celebrated in her honour. She had also temples at Thebes, Argos, Sparta, and el

a, and elsewhere. At Tegea she was worshiped under the title of Alea. She contended, as we have seen, with Poseidôn for Ath

er breast or on her arm, and the head of the Gorgon is on its centre. She often has bracelets and ear-rings, but her genera

en her, singing in the choir of Artemis, had fallen in love with her. She bore him privately a son, who was reared by her f

htly mentioned879, and she does not appear among the gods on Olympos. She seems to have been early distinguished from the g

, was in the Nysian plain with the Ocean-nymphs883 gathering flowers. She plucked the rose, the violet, the crocus, the hya

icos, she had contrived to make her escape, and had wandered thither. She entreats them to tell her where she is ; and wish

her, and would only drink the kykeôn, or mixture of flour and water. She undertook the rearing of the babe, who was named

e curiosity and folly of Metaneira deprived him of the intended gift. She watched one night, and, seeing what the nurse was

at and honoured, since he had ‘sat in her lap and slept in her arms.’ She tells who she is, and directs that the people of

; While, as from lightning, all the house was filled With splendour. She left the house, and the maidens awakening at the

en many-ruling Aïdoneus yoked His steeds immortal to the golden car : She mounts the chariot, and beside her mounts Strong

e was drinking some gruel, what was remaining of it in the vessel890. She more justly punished with ever-craving hunger Ery

at whose persuasion she remitted her anger, and ceased from mourning. She was worshiped at this cave under the name of Blac

e poet Euphoriôn907. The form of Demeter is copied from that of Hera. She has the same majestic stature and matronly air, b

times compose a garland for her head, sometimes are held in her hand. She is frequently represented with a torch in her han

s Hesiod gives her two others ; 3. Well-garlanded ; and 4. Food-full. She was termed by other poets, 5. Youth-rearing ; 6.

was honoured in a festival named Thes-mophoria at Athens and Ephesus. She had a temple at Megara under the title of, 12. Sh

Hesiod gives her one of the usual epithets of beauty, 4. White-armed. She was also named, 5. Sable-vested ; 6. White-horsed

dancing (ὄρχησις), played on the stringed instrument named phorminx. She is said to have invented hymns to the gods. Terps

the muse of the choric Dance (χορεία), appeared in a dancing posture. She was said to have invented the pipe (αὔλος). Urani

edy, held a comic mask in one hand, and in the other a crooked staff. She was also regarded as the patroness of husbandry a

to Œagros a son named Linos941, who was killed by his pupil Heracles. She also had by the same sire Orpheus, whose skill on

r Adonis, was inspired by her with love for Pieros the son of Magnes. She bore him a son named Hyacinthos944. Euterpe, or a

akes her way thither from Olympos over Lemnos, where she meets Sleep. She accosts him as the king of all gods and men, and

id to be small at first, but at last to raise her head to the heaven. She is sent forth1070 amidst the Achæans by Zeus, bea

by Diodorus. Cybele was daughter to king Mæôn and his queen Dindyme. She was exposed by her father on Mount Cybelos, where

endship with Marsyas, and had a love-affair with a youth named Attis. She was afterwards acknowledged by her parents ; but

in a chariot drawn by lions. Her head is always crowned with towers. She frequently beats on a drum, and bears a sceptre i

rshiped by the Thracians, whose kings were frequently named from her. She was apparently identical with the Phrygian Cybele

quent ones were a sort of Pantheôn, a compound of various attributes. She is covered with breasts and with the heads of ani

r to permit him to be her lover, and the Nymph acceded to his desire. She at the same time charged him strictly to avoid th

8.” The nymph Echo had been, as we have seen, beloved by the god Pan. She was also, we are assured, of a most accommodating

iope (Lily-voice), as he was hunting, became deeply enamoured of him. She followed his steps everywhere, but was long unabl

iver Spercheios, who dwelt at Mount Œta, had a daughter named Dryope. She fed the flocks of her father, and the Hamadryades

t the sight of his wife, who was ‘as large as the top of a mountain.’ She instantly called her husband from the market-plac

rough the air or along the water, but dwelt continually in one place. She is said by him1362 to be the daughter of Helios b

small ; her abode was in the centre of it, deeply embosomed in wood. She dwelt alone, attended by four nymphs ; and all pe

terrified goddess bound herself by a solemn oath to do him no injury. She afterwards at his desire restored his companions

Charybdis, between which the goddess had informed him his course lay. She said1392 he would come to two lofty cliffs opposi

isle of Calypso, by whom he was most kindly received and entertained. She detained him there for eight years, designing to

ith a command from Zeus, she was obliged to consent to his departure. She gave the hero tools to build a raft or light vess

rous self-devotion Alcestis then proffered herself as the substitute. She therefore died, and was laid in the tomb ; but He

the house of Pelias, and deceived his daughters as above related1548. She then made the appointed signal to Iasôn, who land

ated from her in the manner of which we have already given instances. She is the counselling (μῆδος) goddess ; and in the h

f Peleus and Thetis was born, his mother wished to make him immortal. She therefore placed him unknown to Peleus each night

and meeting a cow belonging to the herds of Pelagôn he followed her. She went through Bœotia till she came to where Thebes

his intrusion, flung some water upon him and turned him into a stag. She also inspired with madness the fifty dogs that we

e opening of the spring, Seated amidst the dense leaves of the trees, She , frequent changing, poureth forth her voice Tone

ing her son ltylos, King Zethos’ child, whom erst with ruthless brass She in her folly slew. We shall find another form of

hebes a monster named the Sphinx1687, sprung from Typhôn and Echidna. She had the face of a woman ; the breast, feet, and t

man ; the breast, feet, and tail of a lion ; and the wings of a bird. She had been taught riddles by the Muses, and she sat

ng Rhakios of Mycenæ or Crete, founded the town and oracle of Claros. She bore to Rhakios, (or, as others said, to Apollo)

rystheus twelve years, and perform twelve tasks to be imposed by him. She added that when these tasks were all accomplished

de a slave, and then she might give something for him and redeem him. She took her golden veil off her head, and with it bo

, Heracles violated, without knowing her, Auge the daughter of Aleos. She secretly brought forth a son, whom she laid in th

of Deïaneira. Nessos attempted to offer violence to his fair freight. She resisted, and cried out loudly ; and Heracles, he

; and on the testimony of Cecrops, they adjudged the place to Athena. She named the city from herself, and Poseidôn testifi

e with desire, and attempted to offer violence to the maiden-goddess. She fled ; he pursued, and though lame overtook her,

delicacy1800. The goddess resolved to bestow immortality on the babe. She laid him therefore in a coffer, which she gave in

tue yielded ; her husband then discovered himself and reproached her. She fled from him in shame, but soon after they were

, fancied that he was attracted by the charms of some other fair-one. She questioned the slave who used to accompany him ;

art, and a dog named Lælaps (Whirlwind), which no beast could escape. She then cut her hair short, and attiring herself as

n Minôs, fell in love with him, and resolved to give him the victory. She cut off her father's precious lock as he slept, a

deeply enamoured of Theseus, by whom her love was speedily returned. She furnished him with a clue of thread, which enable

te occupied the place of love in the bosom of the disappointed queen. She accused him to Prœtos of an attempt on her honour

d-fly to torment Io, who fled over the whole world from its pursuits. She swam through the Ionian Sea, which derived its na

eld the beauty of the maid, and rushed toward her filled with desire. She prayed to Poseidôn for aid ; the god appeared, an

of Herceian Zeus, where he made her answer on oath whose was her son. She replied that he was the offspring of Zeus. Her fa

r named Hippothoe, whom Poseidôn carried off to the Echinadian isles. She there bore him a son named Taphios, who settled a

ddess, accompanied the maiden to the chase, and surprised her virtue. She long concealed her shame ; but at length, as she

at last found by some hunters, who named her Atalanta and reared her. She followed the chase, and was alike distinguished f

taurs Rhœcos and Hylæos attempting her honour perished by her arrows. She took a part in the Argonautic expedition, was at

that her suitors should run a race with her in the following manner. She was to be armed, and the suitor to have the odds 

of the same legend. Atalanta is apparently Artemis again as a nymph. She is reared by a bear, she is devoted to a single l

the death of her father, brought up in Thessaly by his brother Deïôn. She was in love with the river Enipeus, to whose wave

river-god Eurotas’ conceived by Poseidôn the ‘violet-tressed’ Euadne. She concealed her state ; and when the babe was born

as absent, Euadne, who had gone to the fount, felt her pains come on. She laid down her silver pitcher and loosed her ‘purp

er of the king, demanded her in marriage. Thesprotos gave her to him. She was already pregnant by her father, and shortly a

with the clew which enabled him to thread the mazes of the Labyrinth. She fled with him from her father ; but Theseus, says

whom he tenderly loved, and that he had sworn never to marry another. She was dead : he was childless : his vow was binding

), and was married to Cleopatra the daughter of Boreas and Oreithyia. She died, leaving him two sons ; and he then married

e would last an entire day, and protect alike against fire and steel. She further told him, that when he had sown the teeth

to the infant child of Lycurgos, undertook to guide them to a spring. She left the child Opheltes lying on the grass, where

fied, and the latter had recourse to the counsel of the nymph Egeria. She informed him that Faunus and Picus could instruct

o Rome2284. As the patroness of married women Juno was named Matrona. She was called Jugalis as presiding over marriage2285

eithyia2288, was probably so named as bringing children to the light. She was invoked by women in labour2289, and into the

s the Protectress, was worshiped from the earliest times at Lanuvium. She was represented with a goatskin about her, a spea

a, corresponded in some measure with the Pallas-Athene of the Greeks. She was the patroness of arts and industry, and all t

arts and industry, and all the mental powers were under her care2295. She was the deity of schools : her statue was always

is a deity about whom it is difficult to learn anything satisfactory. She has been so thoroughly confounded with the Grecia

an Aphrodite, that almost everything peculiar to her has disappeared. She cannot however have been one of the original deit

and we are assured that she was unknown in the time of the kings2314. She seems to have been a deity presiding over birth a

n general, for as Venus Hortensis she was the goddess of gardens2315. She was held to be the same as Libitina the goddess o

hœbe, hunting in a grove, First saw the boy Endymiôn, from whose eyes She took eternal fire that never dies ; How she conve

are unnoticed by Homer. Iphigeneia is probably an epithet of Artemis. She is the same with the Artemis- Orthia of Sparta, a

one, who warned him against the consequences of his voyage to Greecc. She at the same time told him to come to her if ever

rds they were increased to twenty-four. Bellona had a temple at Rome. She usually harnessed the terrible horses of Mars, an

m through the field of battle. Victory was also an attendant of Mars. She had several temples in Greece and Rome. Games wer

elf upon Prometheus, Jupiter sent him the gifted Pandora for a bride. She was enclosed in a box with diseases, war, pestile

th the highest veneration. Juno was haughty, vindictive, and jealous. She often quarrelled with her husband, and was implac

ss. Iris was frequently employed by Juno to stir up strife among men. She is commonly represented with wings, and with her

Hebe and Ganymede. Hebe was the daughter of Jupiter and Juno. She was the goddess of youth, and had the power of im

and vigour. Hebe is, in fact, the personification of youthful beauty. She is represented as happy and innocent. Hebe is alw

also called Pallas, from a Greek word, signifying bearing a javelin. She is often called in Homer, the “blue-eyed maid,” f

eres, the daughter of Saturn and Ops, was the goddess of agriculture. She first instructed men to plough the soil, to sow s

sented that Proserpine should divide the year between earth and hell. She was to spend six months with her mother, and the

The poets represented her as having- sprung from the foam of the sea. She first appeared upon the surface of the waves in a

. — And beauty blazed to heaven and earth unveiled. Botanic Garden. She is often represented in her sea-shell sporting up

ot was drawn by doves and swans, accompanied by Cupid and the Graces. She guided her doves by a golden chain She was clothe

anied by Cupid and the Graces. She guided her doves by a golden chain She was clothed in slight and graceful apparel, bound

Clio, derives her name from the Greek word, signifying glory, renown. She presided over History. She was supposed to have i

the Greek word, signifying glory, renown. She presided over History. She was supposed to have invented the lyre, which she

lyre. Thalia presided over comedy. Her name signifies, the blooming. She is represented reclining on a pillar, holding in

pillar, holding in her hand a mask. Melpomene presided over tragedy. She is generally seen with her hand resting upon the

he patroness of instrumental music. Her name signifies the agreeable. She is always depicted as surrounded with various ins

ments of music. Terpsichore, or the amusing, presided over the dance. She has always a smiling countenance: and one foot li

air. Erato. Her name is derived from the Greek word signifying love. She is the inspirer of light poetry, and of the trium

air of compasses. Calliope owes her name to the majesty of her voice. She presided over rhetoric and epic poetry. The Muses

alled the Floral Games. Her head was adorned with a chaplet of roses. She carried in her arms a profusion of flowers, and w

as the goddess of morning, and the mother of the winds and the stars. She was represented seated in a light car, drawn by w

sides the Furies, Nemesis may be reckoned among the avenging deities. She presided over the punishment of guilt. She is rep

mong the avenging deities. She presided over the punishment of guilt. She is represented as traversing the earth with great

th’s half-brother, Sleep.” Nox, or Night, was the daughter of Chaos. She was represented in a long black veil spangled wit

Fortune was a goddess, who distributed her favours without judgment. She was represented with a bandage over her eyes. The

that she pined entirely away, nothing of her remaining but her voice. She still haunts rocks and solitary places, and still

nd Nemesis. Themis, or Astrea, is the personification of Justice. She was the daughter of Heaven and Earth. The figure

tes of Justice Public justice decides which of two parties are right. She punishes the guilty, and acquits and relieves him

represent her as a female with innumerable wings, and as many voices. She flew in every direction, she repeated ten thousan

Envy and Discord. Envy was personified by the poets of antiquity. She was a frightful woman, repining always at the hap

orshipped health under the name of Hygeia. The Romans call her Salus. She had a temple at Rome, and her priests offered up

city perceived in the beautiful stranger a resemblance to her family. She inquired his history, finally discovered that he

f them, though she could not so far disobey the king as to save both. She told them as she was a Greek, that she had friend

is prisoner; he says, “I see thee weeping, trembling, captive led.” She fell to the share of Neoptolemus, son of Achilles

e, who presides over agricultural labours, and is the wife of Vishnu. She is represented with a twisted cord under her arm,

emblem of his creative power, the patroness of the arts and sciences. She is depicted as holding in her hands the palmira l

winds and seas, was represented as the most amiable of the goddesses. She was the wife of Odin, accompanied him in battle,

d abundance. Under the name of Hertha, she was regarded as the earth. She was worshipped by most of the German tribes. To h

h day of the week; which still bears her name, Frea’s day, or Friday. She was attended by Fulla her handmaid, with long flo

m. Fairer than gods, and wiser, she Held the strange keys of destiny. She knew what chanced ere time began; Ere worlds ther

; Elves in secret caves are hiding;     Odin meets the wolf of hell. She must taste a second sorrow,     She who wept when

    Odin meets the wolf of hell. She must taste a second sorrow,      She who wept when Balder bled, Fate demands a nobler

s, the consort of Osiris, appears to have been an emblem of the moon. She was esteemed as the cause of abundance, and regar

” says Thomas Bulfinch , the ‘Niobe of nations,’ or says of Venice, ‘ She looks a Sea-Cybele fresh from Ocean,’ he calls up

call and beseech her to join them; yet she persisted in her attempt. She was just on the point of giving up in despair, wh

s         Its way more swiftly wins: Her very motion lends her power: She flies and waxes every hour. At first she shrinks,

al places of worship were at Mycenæ, Sparta, Argos, Rome, and Heræum. She had also numerous other sanctuaries scattered thr

d wide that she would not hesitate to match her skill with Minerva’s. She made this remark so loudly and so frequently, tha

er, who fell in love with and married one of Diana’s nymphs, Procris. She brought him as dowry a hunting dog, Lelaps, and a

In the sunny plains of Greece there once dwelt Clymene, a fair nymph. She was not alone; however, for her golden-haired lit

s and a youth’s — Leander he, And lovely Hero, Sestos’ sweetest, she; She of her town, and he of his, the boast; A noble pa

er the waters to Abydus. No one was in sight as far as she could see. She was about to descend to pursue her daily tasks, w

monstrate forcibly to that benighted race that the maiden was mortal. She therefore bade her son Cupid slay her. Armed with

lace gardens, and realised that her first plan had completely failed. She therefore began to devise various torments of a p

Nor all o’er all his body waked or slept.” Statius ( Elton’s tr.). She bade him watch the heifer closely, and report any

a deity. ‘“Died?’ — so the Theban maidens think, and laugh, Saying, ‘ She had her wish, that Semele! ‘ But sitting here upo

d have done, and vanished, to continue her wanderings in other lands. She finally returned to Italy; and, while wandering a

d once sought a cool stream wherein she might bathe her heated limbs. She soon found one, the Alpheus River, and selected a

eyes could see her as she threw aside her sandals and outer garments. She was enjoying the refreshing sensation of the wate

rushed to clasp her in his arms, she turned and fled in great terror. She fled, but he pursued. Over hill and dale, through

pse of Proserpina on her sable throne, beside the stern-browed Pluto. She could not, however, pause to inquire how she came

rt, when she heard the sudden rush and roar of a large body of water. She immediately turned, and beheld the torrent Alpheu

r she felt convinced that Pluto would never willingly relinquish her. She therefore withdrew into a dark cave to mourn unse

de love to her, and by pantomime obtained her consent to their union. She bore him two children, who from her were called L

egions of snow and ice, where he detained her, and made her his wife. She became the mother of Zetes and Calais, — who took

ns, and was immediately seized by the desire to possess the ornament. She imparted this wish to Eurystheus, who, delighted

r, but whom he had been obliged to leave to fulfil his arduous tasks. She was still young and charming, and his first glanc

m Olympus, beheld her in all her loveliness and in all her loneliness She was seated on top of her brazen tower, her eyes w

by this horrible sight, the maiden’s eyes were fixed on the monster. She did not see the rapid approach of her deliverer,

hands. To please him, the fond mother plucked it and gave it to him. She had scarcely done so, when she noticed drops of b

, she could not leave the spot: her feet seemed rooted to the ground. She cast a rapid glance downward to ascertain what co

ed face; but this too would soon vanish under the all-involving bark. She therefore took hasty leave of her father, sister,

rk closed over the soft lips and hid the lovely features from view. “ She ceased at once to speak, and ceased to be, And al

ow, provided he would remain constant and undivided in his affection. She bade him come to her an hour before sunset, but p

m from place to place, scattering her favours with lavish generosity. She was principally worshipped by young girls, and th

to award the prize to her.                                         “ She to Paris made Proffer of royal power, ample rule

rumours of the war imminent between Greece and Troy came to her ears. She knew her son would soon be summoned, and to preve

nor from Mount Ætna, where Vulcan laboured at his forge.            “ She found him there Sweating and toiling, and with bu

lyer                                                 “Then instantly She touched them with a wand, and shut them up In sti

e waves, and claimed Nausicaa’s protection for a shipwrecked mariner. She graciously permitted him to follow her to her fat

gates, sent for him, to inquire whether he knew aught of her husband. She too failed to pierce his disguise, and languidly

uring the day.                                     “Three full years She practised thus, and by the fraud deceived The Gre

one, she found another expedient to postpone her choice of a husband. She brought Ulysses’ bow, and announced that she woul

iter himself were fighting and levelling the walls with mighty blows. She then vehemently implored her son to leave this sc

en years which had already elapsed since they first sailed from Troy. She was not yet weary of persecuting them, however; a

es, and entreated her to serve as his guide in that perilous journey. She consented, but at the same time informed him that

eeks described her as sprung from the forehead of Zeus (the heavens). She gradually became the impersonation of the illumin

night (Latona), and, like him, was born in the “bright land” (Delos). She also possessed bright and unerring arrows, and in

of Corinth, 219, 220 Scyl′la. Sea nymph changed to monster by Circe. She lived under rock of same name, 314, 315, 327 Scy